Question 1

Glacial till is composed of ____________ sized particles.

Accepted Answer

A)  clay- to boulder- 
B)  mostly boulder- 
C)  mostly clay- 
D)  mostly sand- 
A)  clay- to boulder- 
B)  mostly boulder- 
C)  mostly clay- 
D)  mostly sand- A

Question 2

What is the difference between the ways in which chalk and chert form?

Accepted Answer

A)  depositional environment 
B)  source material 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  None of the above are correct. 
A)  depositional environment 
B)  source material 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  None of the above are correct. B

Question 3

If a series of graded beds was discovered in the rock record,which of the following could NOT be concluded?

Accepted Answer

A)  that the event that caused the grading occurred more than once 
B)  the direction of the turbidity current 
C)  whether the package was deposited underwater or on land 
D)  that an earthquake, storm, or other large event occurred 
A)  that the event that caused the grading occurred more than once 
B)  the direction of the turbidity current 
C)  whether the package was deposited underwater or on land 
D)  that an earthquake, storm, or other large event occurred B

Question 4

Unlike physically precipitated chert,biochemical chert ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is bedded (layered) 
B)  is made up of the skeletons of radiolaria and foraminifera 
C)  does not occur as small nodules within bodies of limestone 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  is bedded (layered) 
B)  is made up of the skeletons of radiolaria and foraminifera 
C)  does not occur as small nodules within bodies of limestone 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 5

Beach sediments would travel ___________ the ocean during a transgression and ___________ the ocean during a regression.

Accepted Answer

A)  toward; away from 
B)  away from; toward 
A)  toward; away from 
B)  away from; toward

Question 6

Consult the figure below.Distinct internal laminations that are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layer are called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  graded beds 
B)  cross beds 
C)  horizontal beds 
A)  graded beds 
B)  cross beds 
C)  horizontal beds

Question 7

Physically precipitated (chemical)limestone that forms in caves is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  agate 
B)  dolostone 
C)  jasper 
D)  travertine 
A)  agate 
B)  dolostone 
C)  jasper 
D)  travertine

Question 8

Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  siliceous shells of planktonic diatoms and foraminifera 
B)  calcitic and aragonitic skeletons of marine invertebrates 
C)  the phosphatic bones of fish 
D)  the organic breakdown products of wood from trees 
A)  siliceous shells of planktonic diatoms and foraminifera 
B)  calcitic and aragonitic skeletons of marine invertebrates 
C)  the phosphatic bones of fish 
D)  the organic breakdown products of wood from trees

Question 9

Which of the following would NOT be definitive evidence that a geologist was looking at a package of rocks from a formerly marine environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of chert 
B)  medium-grained sandstone 
C)  sediment composed of predominantly calcium carbonate 
D)  evidence of worms and mollusks 
A)  the presence of chert 
B)  medium-grained sandstone 
C)  sediment composed of predominantly calcium carbonate 
D)  evidence of worms and mollusks

Question 10

Diagenesis refers to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B)  the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C)  physical and chemical alterations, including compaction and cementation, that occur as sediment is transformed into rock 
A)  the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B)  the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C)  physical and chemical alterations, including compaction and cementation, that occur as sediment is transformed into rock

Question 11

Stratification refers to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B)  the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C)  physical and chemical alterations, including compaction and cementation, that occur as sediment is transformed into rock 
A)  the development of layering within sedimentary rocks 
B)  the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock 
C)  physical and chemical alterations, including compaction and cementation, that occur as sediment is transformed into rock

Question 12

If a geologist were to find a limestone deposit consisting of coral fragments,which of the following would NOT be something he or she could deduce from this discovery?

Accepted Answer

A)  that the source material was formed in a shallow marine environment 
B)  the composition of the ocean water during the time of growth of the corals 
C)  the original geographic location of the source material 
D)  the age of the coral reef complex 
A)  that the source material was formed in a shallow marine environment 
B)  the composition of the ocean water during the time of growth of the corals 
C)  the original geographic location of the source material 
D)  the age of the coral reef complex

Question 13

A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was most likely deposited as sand by a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  river 
B)  glacier 
C)  beach 
D)  alluvial fan 
A)  river 
B)  glacier 
C)  beach 
D)  alluvial fan

Question 14

The majority of the rocks that occur at the surface of Earth are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intrusive igneous rocks 
B)  extrusive igneous rocks 
C)  sedimentary rocks 
D)  metamorphic rocks 
A)  intrusive igneous rocks 
B)  extrusive igneous rocks 
C)  sedimentary rocks 
D)  metamorphic rocks

Question 15

Consult the figure below.Graded beds tell a geologist that a _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  turbidity current deposited these beds, depositing finer material first 
B)  turbidity current deposited these beds, depositing coarser material first 
C)  slurry deposited these beds with little sorting 
D)  density current deposited these beds, depositing coarser material first 
A)  turbidity current deposited these beds, depositing finer material first 
B)  turbidity current deposited these beds, depositing coarser material first 
C)  slurry deposited these beds with little sorting 
D)  density current deposited these beds, depositing coarser material first

Question 16

A clastic rock comprised of sand-sized grains derived from the physical weathering of granite and containing a sizable proportion of feldspar is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  metasandstone 
B)  lithosandstone 
C)  graywacke 
D)  arkose 
A)  metasandstone 
B)  lithosandstone 
C)  graywacke 
D)  arkose

Question 17

Grains become rounded primarily during ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  weathering at outcrop 
B)  erosion 
C)  transportation 
D)  deposition 
A)  weathering at outcrop 
B)  erosion 
C)  transportation 
D)  deposition

Question 18

Similar sediment and depositional thickness can be found in all sedimentary basins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Chemical and biochemical rocks are classified primarily on the basis of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  grain size 
B)  degree of sorting 
C)  angularity 
D)  mineral composition 
A)  grain size 
B)  degree of sorting 
C)  angularity 
D)  mineral composition

Question 20

Two major sources of energy,coal and oil shale,are considered ____________ sedimentary rocks.

Accepted Answer

A)  clastic 
B)  biochemical 
C)  organic 
D)  chemical 
A)  clastic 
B)  biochemical 
C)  organic 
D)  chemical

Exam 6: Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Glacial till is composed of ____________ sized particles.

What is the difference between the ways in which chalk and chert form?

If a series of graded beds was discovered in the rock record,which of the following could NOT be concluded?

Unlike physically precipitated chert,biochemical chert ____________.

Beach sediments would travel ___________ the ocean during a transgression and ___________ the ocean during a regression.

Consult the figure below.Distinct internal laminations that are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layer are called ___________.

Physically precipitated (chemical)limestone that forms in caves is termed ____________.

Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of ____________.

Which of the following would NOT be definitive evidence that a geologist was looking at a package of rocks from a formerly marine environment?

Diagenesis refers to ____________.

Stratification refers to ____________.

If a geologist were to find a limestone deposit consisting of coral fragments,which of the following would NOT be something he or she could deduce from this discovery?

A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was most likely deposited as sand by a(n)____________.

The majority of the rocks that occur at the surface of Earth are ____________.

Consult the figure below.Graded beds tell a geologist that a _____________.

A clastic rock comprised of sand-sized grains derived from the physical weathering of granite and containing a sizable proportion of feldspar is termed ____________.

Grains become rounded primarily during ____________.

Similar sediment and depositional thickness can be found in all sedimentary basins.

Chemical and biochemical rocks are classified primarily on the basis of ____________.

Two major sources of energy,coal and oil shale,are considered ____________ sedimentary rocks.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Rock Groups

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

The Rock Cycle

The Earths Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Filters

Beach sediments would travel _ the ocean during a transgression and _ the ocean during a regression.