Question 1

Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A) production efficiency - energy in assimilated food that is not used for respiration 
B) secondary production - the amount of chemical energy in a consumers' food that is converted to their new biomass in a given time period 
C) tertiary production - the number of top predators in the food web 
D) trophic efficiency - percentage of production transferred from one trophic level to the next 
E) eutrophication - excess nutrients resulting in high cyanobacteria concentrations and algae blooms 
A) production efficiency - energy in assimilated food that is not used for respiration 
B) secondary production - the amount of chemical energy in a consumers' food that is converted to their new biomass in a given time period 
C) tertiary production - the number of top predators in the food web 
D) trophic efficiency - percentage of production transferred from one trophic level to the next 
E) eutrophication - excess nutrients resulting in high cyanobacteria concentrations and algae blooms

Question 2

How is it that satellites can detect differences in primary productivity on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) Photosynthetic organisms absorb more visible light in the 350-750 wavelengths. 
B) Satellite instruments can detect reflectance patterns of the photosynthetic organisms of different ecosystems. 
C) Sensitive satellite instruments can measure the amount of NADPH produced in the summative light reactions of different ecosystems. 
D) Satellites detect differences by comparing the wavelengths of light captured and reflected by photoautotrophs to the amount of light reaching different ecosystems. 
E) Satellites detect differences by measuring the amount of water vapour emitted by transpiring producers. 
A) Photosynthetic organisms absorb more visible light in the 350-750 wavelengths. 
B) Satellite instruments can detect reflectance patterns of the photosynthetic organisms of different ecosystems. 
C) Sensitive satellite instruments can measure the amount of NADPH produced in the summative light reactions of different ecosystems. 
D) Satellites detect differences by comparing the wavelengths of light captured and reflected by photoautotrophs to the amount of light reaching different ecosystems. 
E) Satellites detect differences by measuring the amount of water vapour emitted by transpiring producers.

Question 3

Use the following food web to answer the questions below.
   
Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species)
-Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Which species is most likely a decomposer on this food web?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 4

A porcupine eats 3000 J of plant material. Of this, 2100 J is indigestible and is eliminated as feces, 800 J are used in cellular respiration, and 100 J are used for growth and reproduction. What is the approximate production efficiency of this animal?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.03% 
B) 3% 
C) 10% 
D) 27% 
E) 33% 
A) 0.03% 
B) 3% 
C) 10% 
D) 27% 
E) 33%

Question 5

The major role of detrivores in ecosystems is to

Accepted Answer

A) provide a nutritional resource for heterotrophs. 
B) recycle chemical nutrients to a form capable of being used by autotrophs. 
C) prevent the buildup of the organic remains of organisms, feces, and so on. 
D) return energy lost to the ecosystem by other organisms. 
A) provide a nutritional resource for heterotrophs. 
B) recycle chemical nutrients to a form capable of being used by autotrophs. 
C) prevent the buildup of the organic remains of organisms, feces, and so on. 
D) return energy lost to the ecosystem by other organisms.

Question 6

A cow's herbivorous diet indicates that it is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) primary consumer. 
B) secondary consumer. 
C) decomposer. 
D) autotroph. 
E) producer. 
A) primary consumer. 
B) secondary consumer. 
C) decomposer. 
D) autotroph. 
E) producer.

Question 7

What percentage of solar radiation striking a plant is converted into chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

A) 1% 
B) 10% 
C) 25% 
D) 50% 
E) 100% 
A) 1% 
B) 10% 
C) 25% 
D) 50% 
E) 100%

Question 8

How does inefficient transfer of energy among trophic levels result in the typically high endangerment status of many top-level predators?

Accepted Answer

A) Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparsely distributed. 
B) Predators have relatively large population sizes. 
C) Predators are more disease-prone than animals at lower trophic levels. 
D) Predators have short life spans and short reproductive periods. 
E) Top-level predators are more likely to be stricken with parasites. 
A) Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparsely distributed. 
B) Predators have relatively large population sizes. 
C) Predators are more disease-prone than animals at lower trophic levels. 
D) Predators have short life spans and short reproductive periods. 
E) Top-level predators are more likely to be stricken with parasites.

Question 9

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-On the diagram of the nitrogen cycle, which number represents nitrite (NO₂)?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Exam 55: Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

How is it that satellites can detect differences in primary productivity on Earth?

Use the following food web to answer the questions below. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) -Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Which species is most likely a decomposer on this food web?

A porcupine eats 3000 J of plant material. Of this, 2100 J is indigestible and is eliminated as feces, 800 J are used in cellular respiration, and 100 J are used for growth and reproduction. What is the approximate production efficiency of this animal?

The major role of detrivores in ecosystems is to

A cow's herbivorous diet indicates that it is a(n)

What percentage of solar radiation striking a plant is converted into chemical energy?

How does inefficient transfer of energy among trophic levels result in the typically high endangerment status of many top-level predators?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -On the diagram of the nitrogen cycle, which number represents nitrite (NO₂)?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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