Question 1

Two atoms appear to have the same mass number. These atoms

Accepted Answer

A) must have the same atomic number. 
B) must have the same number of electrons. 
C) must have the same chemical properties. 
D) must have the same number of protons + neutrons. 
E) must have the same atomic number, the same number of protons + neutrons, the same number of electrons, and the same chemical properties. 
A) must have the same atomic number. 
B) must have the same number of electrons. 
C) must have the same chemical properties. 
D) must have the same number of protons + neutrons. 
E) must have the same atomic number, the same number of protons + neutrons, the same number of electrons, and the same chemical properties.

Question 2

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 is heavier than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains how many neutrons?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 7 
C) 8 
D) 12 
E) 14 
A) 6 
B) 7 
C) 8 
D) 12 
E) 14

Question 3

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable.
-The atomic number of sulphur is 16. Sulphur combines with hydrogen by covalent bonding to form a compound, hydrogen sulfide. Based on the number of valence electrons in a sulphur atom, predict the molecular formula of the compound.

Accepted Answer

A) HS 
B) HS₂ 
C) H₂S 
D) H₃S₂ 
E) H₄S 
A) HS 
B) HS₂ 
C) H₂S 
D) H₃S₂ 
E) H₄S

Question 4

Which of the following is true for this reaction? 3 H₂ + N₂ ↔ 2 NH₃

Accepted Answer

A) The reaction is nonreversible. 
B) Hydrogen and nitrogen are the reactants of the reverse reaction. 
C) Hydrogen and nitrogen are the products of the forward reaction. 
D) Ammonia is being formed and decomposed. 
E) Hydrogen and nitrogen are being decomposed. 
A) The reaction is nonreversible. 
B) Hydrogen and nitrogen are the reactants of the reverse reaction. 
C) Hydrogen and nitrogen are the products of the forward reaction. 
D) Ammonia is being formed and decomposed. 
E) Hydrogen and nitrogen are being decomposed.

Question 5

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an atom that can form covalent bonds with two hydrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 6

Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another?

Accepted Answer

A) nonpolar covalent bond 
B) polar covalent bond 
C) ionic bond 
D) hydrogen bond 
E) hydrophobic interaction 
A) nonpolar covalent bond 
B) polar covalent bond 
C) ionic bond 
D) hydrogen bond 
E) hydrophobic interaction

Question 7

What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) Covalent bonds are formed between atoms to form molecules; ionic bonds are formed between atoms to form compounds. 
B) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of single electrons between atoms. 
C) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between atoms. 
D) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of protons between atoms. 
E) Covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms. 
A) Covalent bonds are formed between atoms to form molecules; ionic bonds are formed between atoms to form compounds. 
B) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of single electrons between atoms. 
C) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between atoms. 
D) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of protons between atoms. 
E) Covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 8

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated above?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 8 
C) 10 
D) 11 
E) 16 
A) 1 
B) 8 
C) 10 
D) 11 
E) 16

Question 9

-The illustration above shows a representation of formic acid. A formic acid molecule

Accepted Answer

A) will form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. 
B) has a tetrahedral configuration of hybrid electron orbitals for the carbon atom. 
C) consists of largely nonpolar covalent bonds. 
D) is held together by hydrogen bonds. 
E) has a tetrahedral shape and will form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. 
A) will form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. 
B) has a tetrahedral configuration of hybrid electron orbitals for the carbon atom. 
C) consists of largely nonpolar covalent bonds. 
D) is held together by hydrogen bonds. 
E) has a tetrahedral shape and will form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

Question 10

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16. Thus, what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

A) exactly 8 grams 
B) exactly 8 daltons 
C) approximately 16 grams 
D) approximately 16 daltons 
E) 24 amu (atomic mass units) 
A) exactly 8 grams 
B) exactly 8 daltons 
C) approximately 16 grams 
D) approximately 16 daltons 
E) 24 amu (atomic mass units)

Question 11

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Which drawing in the figure above is of the electron configuration of a sodium 11Na⁺ ion?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 12

Fluorine has an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19. How many electrons are needed to complete the valence shell of a fluorine atom?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 0 
D) 7 
E) 9 
A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 0 
D) 7 
E) 9

Question 13

The three types of subatomic particles pertinent to the study of biology are

Accepted Answer

A) electrons, protons, and neutrinos. 
B) electrons, positrons, and neutrons. 
C) electrons, protons, and neutrons. 
D) electrons, photons, and neutrons. 
E) quarks, photons, and gravitons. 
A) electrons, protons, and neutrinos. 
B) electrons, positrons, and neutrons. 
C) electrons, protons, and neutrons. 
D) electrons, photons, and neutrons. 
E) quarks, photons, and gravitons.

Question 14

What factors are most important in determining which elements are most common in living matter?

Accepted Answer

A) the relative abundances of the elements in Earth's crust and atmosphere 
B) the emergent properties of the simple compounds made from these elements 
C) the reactivity of the elements with water 
D) the chemical stability of the elements 
E) both the relative abundances of the elements and the emergent properties of the compounds made from these elements 
A) the relative abundances of the elements in Earth's crust and atmosphere 
B) the emergent properties of the simple compounds made from these elements 
C) the reactivity of the elements with water 
D) the chemical stability of the elements 
E) both the relative abundances of the elements and the emergent properties of the compounds made from these elements

Question 15

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Based on electron configuration, which of these elements in the figure above would exhibit a chemical behaviour most like that of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon 
B) hydrogen 
C) nitrogen 
D) sulphur 
E) phosphorus 
A) carbon 
B) hydrogen 
C) nitrogen 
D) sulphur 
E) phosphorus

Question 16

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable.
-If you add more product to the solution, you would expect to see

Accepted Answer

A) a precipitation of the product. 
B) an increase in pH. 
C) the reactant concentration to remain the same. 
D) the reactant concentration to decrease. 
E) the reactant concentration to increase. 
A) a precipitation of the product. 
B) an increase in pH. 
C) the reactant concentration to remain the same. 
D) the reactant concentration to decrease. 
E) the reactant concentration to increase.

Question 17

One difference between carbon-12 (   )and carbon-14 (   )is that carbon-14 has

Accepted Answer

A) two more protons than carbon-12. 
B) two more electrons than carbon-12. 
C) two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
D) two more protons and two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
E) two more electrons and two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
A) two more protons than carbon-12. 
B) two more electrons than carbon-12. 
C) two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
D) two more protons and two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
E) two more electrons and two more neutrons than carbon-12.

Question 18

Knowing just the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the chemical properties of the element 
B) the number of protons in the element 
C) the number of neutrons in the element 
D) the number of protons plus neutrons in the element 
E) both the number of protons and the chemical properties of the element 
A) the chemical properties of the element 
B) the number of protons in the element 
C) the number of neutrons in the element 
D) the number of protons plus neutrons in the element 
E) both the number of protons and the chemical properties of the element

Question 19

Which of the following is not considered to be a weak molecular interaction?

Accepted Answer

A) a covalent bond 
B) a van der Waals interaction 
C) an ionic bond in the presence of water 
D) a hydrogen bond 
E) both a hydrogen bond and a covalent bond 
A) a covalent bond 
B) a van der Waals interaction 
C) an ionic bond in the presence of water 
D) a hydrogen bond 
E) both a hydrogen bond and a covalent bond

Question 20

What is the maximum number of covalent bonds an element with atomic number 8 can make with hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 6 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 6

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Two atoms appear to have the same mass number. These atoms

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 is heavier than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains how many neutrons?

Which of the following is true for this reaction? 3 H₂ + N₂ ↔ 2 NH₃

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an atom that can form covalent bonds with two hydrogen atoms?

Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another?

What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated above?

-The illustration above shows a representation of formic acid. A formic acid molecule

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16. Thus, what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which drawing in the figure above is of the electron configuration of a sodium 11Na⁺ ion?

Fluorine has an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19. How many electrons are needed to complete the valence shell of a fluorine atom?

The three types of subatomic particles pertinent to the study of biology are

What factors are most important in determining which elements are most common in living matter?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Based on electron configuration, which of these elements in the figure above would exhibit a chemical behaviour most like that of oxygen?

One difference between carbon-12 ( )and carbon-14 ( )is that carbon-14 has

Knowing just the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following?

Which of the following is not considered to be a weak molecular interaction?

What is the maximum number of covalent bonds an element with atomic number 8 can make with hydrogen?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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