Question 1

Why did Cooley refer to some groups as "primary groups"?

Accepted Answer

A)  They hold the highest status in society. 
B)  They have our concerns primarily in mind. 
C)  They contain the people most important in our lives. 
D)  They are formed in primary school. 
A)  They hold the highest status in society. 
B)  They have our concerns primarily in mind. 
C)  They contain the people most important in our lives. 
D)  They are formed in primary school.

Question 2

Asch's experiment in group conformity shows most people would not compromise their personal judgment to avoid being seen as different.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

As large organizations have expanded in Canada, privacy has increased.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In general, which of the following categories of people are "well-connected" in terms of social networks?

Accepted Answer

A)  the elderly 
B)  poorly educated people 
C)  people living in cities 
D)  nomadic peoples 
A)  the elderly 
B)  poorly educated people 
C)  people living in cities 
D)  nomadic peoples

Question 5

People riding together on a subway are correctly called a social group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is the meaning of "in-group" and "out-group"? How do they both affect the opinions and behaviour of individuals?

Accepted Answer

The terms "in-group" and "out-group" are

Question 7

Using a specific example, discuss bureaucratic inertia.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucratic inertia refers to the tende

Question 8

Which concept refers to group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being?

Accepted Answer

A)  democratic leadership 
B)  authoritarian leadership 
C)  expressive leadership 
D)  instrumental leadership 
A)  democratic leadership 
B)  authoritarian leadership 
C)  expressive leadership 
D)  instrumental leadership

Question 9

Discuss and provide an example of bureaucratic inefficiency.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucratic inefficiency refers to the

Question 10

Which of the following traits is NOT a characteristic of secondary groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  large size 
B)  weak emotional ties 
C)  personal orientation 
D)  often short-term duration 
A)  large size 
B)  weak emotional ties 
C)  personal orientation 
D)  often short-term duration

Question 11

Reference groups can be primary groups but never secondary groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which type of formal organization is sometimes called a "voluntary association"?

Accepted Answer

A)  normative organizations 
B)  coercive organizations 
C)  utilitarian organizations 
D)  punitive organizations 
A)  normative organizations 
B)  coercive organizations 
C)  utilitarian organizations 
D)  punitive organizations

Question 13

What is the sociological term coined by Irving Janis for a limited understanding of some issue resulting from group conformity?

Accepted Answer

A)  reference group consciousness 
B)  groupthink 
C)  in-group thinking 
D)  tunnel vision 
A)  reference group consciousness 
B)  groupthink 
C)  in-group thinking 
D)  tunnel vision

Question 14

Stanley Milgram's research, in which subjects used a "shock generator," showed

Accepted Answer

A)  people become angry when others disagree with them. 
B)  the ability to withstand pain varies with cultural background. 
C)  people are surprisingly likely to follow the orders of not only real authority figures but also groups of ordinary individuals. 
D)  that ordinary people are surprisingly independent in their judgments. 
A)  people become angry when others disagree with them. 
B)  the ability to withstand pain varies with cultural background. 
C)  people are surprisingly likely to follow the orders of not only real authority figures but also groups of ordinary individuals. 
D)  that ordinary people are surprisingly independent in their judgments.

Question 15

Generally, people in secondary relationships think of others as a means to some end.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In this essay, list the key characteristics of bureaucracy. What was it about bureaucracy that Max Weber saw as positive? What did he see as negative?

Accepted Answer

Bureaucracy, as defined by Max Weber, ha

Question 17

Which of the following statements is NOT evidence of the process called the "McDonaldization of society"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bank tellers are being replaced with automatic teller machines (ATMs). 
B)  People shop in carefully designed, climate-controlled malls. 
C)  Colleges select students in terms of applicants' grades and test scores. 
D)  Many new jobs demand creativity and imagination. 
A)  Bank tellers are being replaced with automatic teller machines (ATMs). 
B)  People shop in carefully designed, climate-controlled malls. 
C)  Colleges select students in terms of applicants' grades and test scores. 
D)  Many new jobs demand creativity and imagination.

Question 18

How have formal organizations changed over the course of the twentieth century? Describe the ideal formal organization in the eyes of scientific management analyst Frederick Taylor, who wrote his business principles a century ago. How and why do today's more flexible organizations strive to be different from those described by Taylor?

Accepted Answer

Formal organizations have undergone sign

Question 19

Formal organizations are designed to meet the personal needs of participants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The "Sociology and the Media" box explains that a recent and popular example of social networking is the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  websites such as Facebook. 
B)  social service projects involving dorm residents. 
C)  computers to track people's personal tastes and interests. 
D)  shared bicycles on campus. 
A)  websites such as Facebook. 
B)  social service projects involving dorm residents. 
C)  computers to track people's personal tastes and interests. 
D)  shared bicycles on campus.

Exam 7: Groups and Organizations

Why did Cooley refer to some groups as "primary groups"?

Asch's experiment in group conformity shows most people would not compromise their personal judgment to avoid being seen as different.

As large organizations have expanded in Canada, privacy has increased.

In general, which of the following categories of people are "well-connected" in terms of social networks?

People riding together on a subway are correctly called a social group.

What is the meaning of "in-group" and "out-group"? How do they both affect the opinions and behaviour of individuals?

Using a specific example, discuss bureaucratic inertia.

Which concept refers to group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being?

Discuss and provide an example of bureaucratic inefficiency.

Which of the following traits is NOT a characteristic of secondary groups?

Reference groups can be primary groups but never secondary groups.

Which type of formal organization is sometimes called a "voluntary association"?

What is the sociological term coined by Irving Janis for a limited understanding of some issue resulting from group conformity?

Stanley Milgram's research, in which subjects used a "shock generator," showed

Generally, people in secondary relationships think of others as a means to some end.

In this essay, list the key characteristics of bureaucracy. What was it about bureaucracy that Max Weber saw as positive? What did he see as negative?

Which of the following statements is NOT evidence of the process called the "McDonaldization of society"?

Formal organizations are designed to meet the personal needs of participants.

The "Sociology and the Media" box explains that a recent and popular example of social networking is the use of

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