Question 1

Which of the following do not affect viruses?

Accepted Answer

A) Alkylating agents 
B) Detergents 
C) Alcohols 
D) Heavy metals 
A) Alkylating agents 
B) Detergents 
C) Alcohols 
D) Heavy metals

Question 2

Soluble compounds that reduce surface tension thus dissolving lipids are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) alkylating agents 
B) halogens 
C) oxidizing agents 
D) surfactants 
A) alkylating agents 
B) halogens 
C) oxidizing agents 
D) surfactants

Question 3

When food is salted,water diffuses ________microorganisms,causing them to ____ and die.

Accepted Answer

A) into; shrink 
B) into; explode 
C) out of; shrink 
D) out of; explode 
A) into; shrink 
B) into; explode 
C) out of; shrink 
D) out of; explode

Question 4

Ultraviolet radiation:

Accepted Answer

A) is the same as X rays 
B) is the same as gamma rays 
C) penetrates glass, cloth, paper and most other materials 
D) kills microorganisms by damaging DNA and proteins 
A) is the same as X rays 
B) is the same as gamma rays 
C) penetrates glass, cloth, paper and most other materials 
D) kills microorganisms by damaging DNA and proteins

Question 5

Dry heat does most of its damage against microorganisms by _____.

Accepted Answer

A) disrupting membrane lipids 
B) disrupting hydrogen bonds 
C) oxidizing molecules 
D) denaturing proteins 
A) disrupting membrane lipids 
B) disrupting hydrogen bonds 
C) oxidizing molecules 
D) denaturing proteins

Question 6

Which is a cationic detergent having four organic groups attached to a nitrogen atom and used to sanitize utensils?

Accepted Answer

A) Quaternary ammonium compound 
B) Propionic acid 
C) Methylene blue 
D) Ethylene oxide 
A) Quaternary ammonium compound 
B) Propionic acid 
C) Methylene blue 
D) Ethylene oxide

Question 7

Membrane filters are used for sterilization because _____.

Accepted Answer

A) filters with smallest pore size do not clog easily. 
B) many materials are destroyed by heat sterilization 
C) they are used to sterilize only very small amounts of liquid 
D) they are impractical for the filtration of beer, sera, media, vitamins and drugs. 
A) filters with smallest pore size do not clog easily. 
B) many materials are destroyed by heat sterilization 
C) they are used to sterilize only very small amounts of liquid 
D) they are impractical for the filtration of beer, sera, media, vitamins and drugs.

Question 8

Agents that adversely affect cell wall formation directly include:

Accepted Answer

A) detergents 
B) alcohols 
C) crystal violet 
D) lactic acid 
A) detergents 
B) alcohols 
C) crystal violet 
D) lactic acid

Question 9

Which of the following statements about evaluating the effectiveness of chemical agents is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Phenol coefficient can be used to evaluate the efficacy of phenol derivatives. 
B) Materials present can complex with or inactivate a chemical agent during the phenol coefficient test. 
C) In the filter paper test, a clear area around the disk indicates a prevention of microorganism growth but not killing of microbes. 
D) The use-dilution test is considered to be more meaningful than the phenol coefficient. 
A) Phenol coefficient can be used to evaluate the efficacy of phenol derivatives. 
B) Materials present can complex with or inactivate a chemical agent during the phenol coefficient test. 
C) In the filter paper test, a clear area around the disk indicates a prevention of microorganism growth but not killing of microbes. 
D) The use-dilution test is considered to be more meaningful than the phenol coefficient.

Question 10

How could the performance of this equipment be checked?

Accepted Answer

A) Using a culture of endospores from Bacillus stearothermophilus 
B) Using a culture of endospores from Escherichia coli 
C) Using a culture of endospores from Staphylococcus aureus 
D) It does not need to be checked 
A) Using a culture of endospores from Bacillus stearothermophilus 
B) Using a culture of endospores from Escherichia coli 
C) Using a culture of endospores from Staphylococcus aureus 
D) It does not need to be checked

Question 11

Agents that denature proteins include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) acids 
B) alkalis 
C) detergents 
D) cold treatment 
A) acids 
B) alkalis 
C) detergents 
D) cold treatment

Question 12

Which of the following is not an example of an alkylating agent that disrupts proteins and nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A) Glutaraldehyde 
B) β-propiolactone 
C) Ethylene oxide 
D) Methylene oxide 
A) Glutaraldehyde 
B) β-propiolactone 
C) Ethylene oxide 
D) Methylene oxide

Question 13

What makes a disinfectant desirable? Describe one method for determining the effectiveness of a chemical agent.

Accepted Answer

A disinfectant is desirable if it is: fa

Question 14

Most milk,cheese and juices in the United States are pasteurized. Describe the process of pasteurization and the microorganisms at which it is directed.Do you consider pasteurized milk a sterile product? Why?

Accepted Answer

Pastuerization is the process of heating

Question 15

High concentrations of solutes such as sugar or salt results in plasmolysis of cells due to the onset of which phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

A) Cavitation 
B) Ultrahigh temperature 
C) Low lyophilization 
D) High osmotic pressure 
A) Cavitation 
B) Ultrahigh temperature 
C) Low lyophilization 
D) High osmotic pressure

Question 16

What sterilization technique should be used for sterilizing instruments?

Accepted Answer

A) Filtration 
B) Disinfection 
C) Pasteurization 
D) Autoclaving 
A) Filtration 
B) Disinfection 
C) Pasteurization 
D) Autoclaving

Question 17

Which is not a practical means of killing microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Pasteurization 
B) Autoclaving 
C) Ultrasonic waves 
D) Ultraviolet light 
A) Pasteurization 
B) Autoclaving 
C) Ultrasonic waves 
D) Ultraviolet light

Question 18

Ionizing radiation:

Accepted Answer

A) consists of wavelengths between 400 and 390 nm 
B) oxidizes molecules such as riboflavin and porphyrins 
C) may be tuned to match the energy levels of water molecules 
D) dislodges electrons from atoms, creating ions 
A) consists of wavelengths between 400 and 390 nm 
B) oxidizes molecules such as riboflavin and porphyrins 
C) may be tuned to match the energy levels of water molecules 
D) dislodges electrons from atoms, creating ions

Question 19

What are the benefits of drying fruit,as depicted in this image?

Accepted Answer

A) Drying is a method that can be used to preserve foods such as fruits. 
B) Drying minimizes the spread of infectious agents. 
C) Endospores that survive drying fruit, do not produce harmful toxins. 
D) All of these choices 
A) Drying is a method that can be used to preserve foods such as fruits. 
B) Drying minimizes the spread of infectious agents. 
C) Endospores that survive drying fruit, do not produce harmful toxins. 
D) All of these choices

Question 20

All of the following pertain to either sonic or ultrasonic waves and their properties,except:

Accepted Answer

A) are sound waves in the audible range 
B) may cause cavitation - partial vacuum in a liquid 
C) are a practical means of sterilization 
D) are a useful means of fragmenting cells to study membranes, ribosomes or enzymes 
A) are sound waves in the audible range 
B) may cause cavitation - partial vacuum in a liquid 
C) are a practical means of sterilization 
D) are a useful means of fragmenting cells to study membranes, ribosomes or enzymes

Exam 12: Sterilization and Disinfection

Which of the following do not affect viruses?

Soluble compounds that reduce surface tension thus dissolving lipids are known as:

When food is salted,water diffuses ________microorganisms,causing them to ____ and die.

Ultraviolet radiation:

Dry heat does most of its damage against microorganisms by _____.

Which is a cationic detergent having four organic groups attached to a nitrogen atom and used to sanitize utensils?

Membrane filters are used for sterilization because _____.

Agents that adversely affect cell wall formation directly include:

Which of the following statements about evaluating the effectiveness of chemical agents is false?

How could the performance of this equipment be checked?

Agents that denature proteins include all of the following except:

Which of the following is not an example of an alkylating agent that disrupts proteins and nucleic acids?

What makes a disinfectant desirable? Describe one method for determining the effectiveness of a chemical agent.

Most milk,cheese and juices in the United States are pasteurized. Describe the process of pasteurization and the microorganisms at which it is directed.Do you consider pasteurized milk a sterile product? Why?

High concentrations of solutes such as sugar or salt results in plasmolysis of cells due to the onset of which phenomenon.

What sterilization technique should be used for sterilizing instruments?

Which is not a practical means of killing microorganisms?

Ionizing radiation:

What are the benefits of drying fruit,as depicted in this image?

All of the following pertain to either sonic or ultrasonic waves and their properties,except:

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunology Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

Filters

When food is salted,water diffuses ____microorganisms,causing them to and die.