Question 1

An ion is all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) a charged atom 
B) an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons 
C) either a cation or an anion 
D) an atom with the same number of protons as electrons 
A) a charged atom 
B) an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons 
C) either a cation or an anion 
D) an atom with the same number of protons as electrons

Question 2

Disaccharides,such as sucrose and lactose,are formed from:

Accepted Answer

A) two monosaccharides connected by a glycosidic bond. 
B) chains of two amino acids. 
C) long chain of carbon atoms and a carboxyl group at one end of chain. 
D) three fatty acids combined with glycerol. 
A) two monosaccharides connected by a glycosidic bond. 
B) chains of two amino acids. 
C) long chain of carbon atoms and a carboxyl group at one end of chain. 
D) three fatty acids combined with glycerol.

Question 3

Hydrogen bonds are generally:

Accepted Answer

A) stronger than covalent bonds 
B) stronger than ionic bonds but weaker than covalent bonds 
C) present in large numbers 
D) found in non-polar compounds 
A) stronger than covalent bonds 
B) stronger than ionic bonds but weaker than covalent bonds 
C) present in large numbers 
D) found in non-polar compounds

Question 4

Anabolic reactions tend to:

Accepted Answer

A) use energy and break chemical bonds. 
B) produce energy, and break chemical bonds. 
C) produce energy and new chemical bonds. 
D) use energy and produce new chemical bonds. 
A) use energy and break chemical bonds. 
B) produce energy, and break chemical bonds. 
C) produce energy and new chemical bonds. 
D) use energy and produce new chemical bonds.

Question 5

Ketones,alcohols,aldehydes and organic acids are four of the organic compounds found in all living cells.What do these four classes of organic compounds share?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain the same atoms but differ in structure. 
B) They are chains of carbon atoms with functional groups that contain oxygen. 
C) They are all fully oxidized. 
D) They can only be synthesized inside a cell. 
A) They contain the same atoms but differ in structure. 
B) They are chains of carbon atoms with functional groups that contain oxygen. 
C) They are all fully oxidized. 
D) They can only be synthesized inside a cell.

Question 6

Charged atomswith electrostatic attraction are generally held together by _____.

Accepted Answer

A) covalent bonds 
B) ionicbonds 
C) hydrogen bonds 
D) municipal bonds 
A) covalent bonds 
B) ionicbonds 
C) hydrogen bonds 
D) municipal bonds

Question 7

When proteins are made up of several polypeptide chains,the arrangement of these chains is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A) primary structure 
B) secondary structure 
C) tertiary structure 
D) quaternary structure 
A) primary structure 
B) secondary structure 
C) tertiary structure 
D) quaternary structure

Question 8

In DNA,the nucleotide cytosine always base pairs to:

Accepted Answer

A) adenine 
B) guanine 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
A) adenine 
B) guanine 
C) thymine 
D) uracil

Question 9

Chemical bonds found in living organisms do not normally include:

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds 
B) hydrogen bonds 
C) covalent bonds 
D) magnetic bonds 
A) ionic bonds 
B) hydrogen bonds 
C) covalent bonds 
D) magnetic bonds

Question 10

The smallest particle of matter that can take part in chemical reactions is:

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) compound 
C) neutron 
D) atom 
A) glucose 
B) compound 
C) neutron 
D) atom

Question 11

Solutions made up of molecules that are not chemically bonded and are not limited to specific proportions are called:

Accepted Answer

A) mixtures 
B) elements 
C) chemical compounds 
D) polar compounds 
A) mixtures 
B) elements 
C) chemical compounds 
D) polar compounds

Question 12

Which statement about acids and bases is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) A hydrogen ion (H⁺)is a proton. 
B) Acids are proton acceptors. 
C) Bases are proton acceptors 
D) A hydroxyl ion donor is also a proton acceptor 
A) A hydrogen ion (H⁺)is a proton. 
B) Acids are proton acceptors. 
C) Bases are proton acceptors 
D) A hydroxyl ion donor is also a proton acceptor

Question 13

Which one of the following pairs is matched correctly?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon-organic compounds 
B) glucose- hydrogen bonds 
C) ions-covalent bonds 
D) phosphate-enzyme 
A) carbon-organic compounds 
B) glucose- hydrogen bonds 
C) ions-covalent bonds 
D) phosphate-enzyme

Question 14

Energy is an important chemical currency. How does energy affect electrons in the atom? What is the role of energy in a chemical bond? Name two complex organic molecules that are used by cells for energy.How does the cell release this energy?

Accepted Answer

Electrons can have different levels of e

Question 15

Atoms take part in bond formation to:

Accepted Answer

A) form polypeptides 
B) attain a stable electron configuration 
C) increase their charge density 
D) increase their energy 
A) form polypeptides 
B) attain a stable electron configuration 
C) increase their charge density 
D) increase their energy

Question 16

Which of the following has the fewest hydroxyl ions?

Accepted Answer

A) Oven cleaner 
B) Household bleach 
C) Saliva 
D) Vinegar 
A) Oven cleaner 
B) Household bleach 
C) Saliva 
D) Vinegar

Question 17

How many electrons are in the second shell of the chlorine atom?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) four 
C) eight 
D) ten 
A) two 
B) four 
C) eight 
D) ten

Question 18

The total number of protons in an atom is equal to its _____.

Accepted Answer

A) atomic weight 
B) molecular weight 
C) chemical weight 
D) atomic number 
A) atomic weight 
B) molecular weight 
C) chemical weight 
D) atomic number

Question 19

What is true about oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A) The more oxidized a molecule, the less energy it contains. 
B) Oxidation is the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen or electrons to a substance. 
C) Gasoline represents the extreme of energy-rich oxidized compounds. 
D) Oxidation reactions only occur in polar compounds. 
A) The more oxidized a molecule, the less energy it contains. 
B) Oxidation is the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen or electrons to a substance. 
C) Gasoline represents the extreme of energy-rich oxidized compounds. 
D) Oxidation reactions only occur in polar compounds.

Question 20

Glucose:

Accepted Answer

A) is abundant in milk and fruit 
B) is a rare monosaccharide 
C) is never produced within cells 
D) none of the above 
A) is abundant in milk and fruit 
B) is a rare monosaccharide 
C) is never produced within cells 
D) none of the above

Exam 2: Fundamentals of Chemistry

An ion is all of the following EXCEPT:

Disaccharides,such as sucrose and lactose,are formed from:

Hydrogen bonds are generally:

Anabolic reactions tend to:

Ketones,alcohols,aldehydes and organic acids are four of the organic compounds found in all living cells.What do these four classes of organic compounds share?

Charged atomswith electrostatic attraction are generally held together by _____.

When proteins are made up of several polypeptide chains,the arrangement of these chains is referred to as the:

In DNA,the nucleotide cytosine always base pairs to:

Chemical bonds found in living organisms do not normally include:

The smallest particle of matter that can take part in chemical reactions is:

Solutions made up of molecules that are not chemically bonded and are not limited to specific proportions are called:

Which statement about acids and bases is FALSE?

Which one of the following pairs is matched correctly?

Energy is an important chemical currency. How does energy affect electrons in the atom? What is the role of energy in a chemical bond? Name two complex organic molecules that are used by cells for energy.How does the cell release this energy?

Atoms take part in bond formation to:

Which of the following has the fewest hydroxyl ions?

How many electrons are in the second shell of the chlorine atom?

The total number of protons in an atom is equal to its _____.

What is true about oxidation?

Glucose:

Scope and History of Microbiology

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunology Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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