Exam 12: Decision Making and Reasoning

Apply the concepts satisficing and elimination by aspects to a few examples.

These types of statements for a categorical syllogism are in the form "No A are B" in which a negative statement is made about all members in that class (e.g. ,no cognitive psychology students are unicyclists).

Putting all the pieces of evidence together leads us to a conclusion: "The butler did it." This reasoning is

These types of statements for a categorical syllogism are in the form "Some A are not B" in which a subset of the members in that class are said to not belong to or posses quality B (e.g. ,some cognitive psychology students are not basketball players).

If we fail to consider all of the possibilities before reaching a conclusion,we are experiencing the __________ effect.

This type of reasoning is used when evaluating scientific hypotheses and is an estimate of the likelihood of one event given another event.

Increased activation in the _____________ has been observed during decision making tasks.

Michelle was trying to figure out the best way to take notes.She tried both a deductive and an inductive approach.She tried highlighting the most important facts.After the exam,she realized it would have been much more to her advantage to concentrate on specifics.Michelle's realization is an example of

John often relies on his own experiences and the accuracy of his judgment over the judgment of others based on what he knows of his own skills and knowledge.This would be an example of a(n)

Most of the early models of classical decision theory were devised by

As part of the job interview process for a large corporation,Wilma is taken out to lunch.She is trying to decide what to order.When making the decision,she is taking into consideration a number of factors (i.e. ,cost of the food,ease of eating without any embarrassing moments,etc. ).She then selects an item that meets these criteria.This would be an example of

Andy is watching basketball and sees that a player on "his team" has made the last three shots that he took.Andy keeps say "give "--------" the ball!" This demonstrates Andy's belief in (the)

Develop an analogy to capture the relationship between inductive and deductive reasoning.Explain how it satisfies the criteria of an analogy and also the relationships between the terms.

Carl recently bought a used car-and it's a lemon.He has spent thousands of dollars on repairing the car,and this week,the mechanic told him it needs a new radiator.Carl thinks about how much money he has put into the car and thinks that,because he has invested so much money in repairs,he'd be better off just making the repair as opposed to spending money to buy a new car.Carl is a victim of

With this particular type of confirmation bias,one may have low expectations of another in which that person then respond with less of an effort.The person's behavior than "confirms" your beliefs.

Most people are asked to work in groups at some point in time.One reason for this,is that group work can produce superior outcomes.Which of the following is not a benefit associated with group work?

These types of statements for a categorical syllogism are in the form "Some A are B" in which a subset of the members in that class are said to belong to or posses quality B (e.g. ,some cognitive psychology students are basketball players).

Instead of studying for a big exam the next day,a group of students instead decided to go see a movie.When questioned about why they were going to the movie instead of studying,Ralph explained that "Going to the movie was a way of helping the mind to relax,and in fact,by going to the movie,they were going to make their study time later more effective because of the improved mood that they will be in.So by not going to the movie they were actually hurting their grades." From the group think perspective,this is an example of

Compare and contrast inductive and deductive reasoning.