Exam 12: Decision Making and Reasoning

Rob has self appointed himself to enforce the group norm.So during the discussion every time Ralph brings up an objection Rob counters what Ralph has to say.Sometimes criticizing Ralph himself.Rob's self appointed role can be seen as

If people were asked which of the following sequences would be the most probable,how would most people respond? Why? Nine marbles are drawn at random from a bin containing 33 red,33 white,and 33 blue marbles.The drawn marbles are then lined up.The possible sequences are as follows: R,W,R,B,W,W,B,R,B R,R,R,R,W,W,W,W,B B,R,W,R,B,W,B,R,W R,R,R,R,R,R,R,R,R

Research into inductive reasoning takes a look at how people make judgments concerning what causes something else.

During groupthink the group is not willing to entertain other ideas that are inconsistent with the view of the group.This would be an example of

Any time an event occurs there may be any number of contributing factors (e.g. ,computer crash).For this particular phenomenon,_____,once we find one factor we often stop looking for other contributing factors.

After the tragedy of 9-11,many people have proposed that there was sufficient evidence to predict those events.Because of this,the government should have been able to prevent 9-11.The believe that we "knew it all along" is referred to as

Which of the following is not a characteristic associated with groups that are successful in decision making?

This notion suggests that we do not have infinite sensitivity when evaluating an number of different options.Rather when making decisions "we are rational but within limits."

Applying prior strategies with syllogisms to new situations in which they may not work would be a type of heuristic which is called

Define modus ponens,modus tollens,denying the antecedent,and affirming the consequent arguments.Give examples of each to show the distinctions.

The conditional proposition is "If it is a chair then it is a piece of furniture." Existing condition is that it is not a chair.The inference made is that it is not a piece of furniture.This particular type of fallacy is called

All of the following statements describe assumptions of an early model of decision making,the "economic man and woman," except one.Identify the assumption not associated with this model.

The goal of __________ is to select from among choices or to evaluate opportunities.

Which of the following is false regarding deductive and inductive reasoning?

Explain each of the six symptoms of group think.

The section "Alternative View of Reasoning" in the textbook describes two complementary systems of reasoning.Describe and discuss how each system would respond to the same problem.

We tend to find support for our conclusions through our mental models and other cognitive processes when we engage in

Mark sees a man walk into a bank downtown.Suddenly,alarms sound,people scream,and Mark sees the same man run out of the bank carrying a gun and a bag of money.Because Mark has never seen such an occurrence before,he uses a __________ to deduce that the man is a robber.

Rob has appointed himself to enforce the group norm.So during the discussion every time Ralph brings up an objection Rob counters what Ralph has to say.Sometimes criticizing Ralph himself.Criticism of Ralph would be an example of

__________ is a process in which we focus on one attribute of the various options,form a minimum criterion for that attribute,and then exclude all options that do not meet that criterion.