Exam 9: Language

According to the __________,speech perception begins with three levels of feature detection (i.e. ,acoustic features,phonemes,and words)and further,speech is highly interactive,with lower levels affecting higher levels and vice versa.

Jan hears her brother say,"don't forget the *ist".Although her brother coughed while saying the last word,Jan is certain he said list.Her ability to perceive *ist as the word list is referred to as the

With technology,new words are developed in order to describe new concepts or products (e.g. ,television,laser,microchips).The coining of new words and phrases refers to language's

Chomsky proposed that in order to understand syntax one must consider interrelationships among phrases within sentences as well as

__________ refers to the systematic way in which words can be combined and sequenced to make meaningful phrases and sentences.

This notion suggests that one important principle for word meaning is that different symbols are important in a system in which different words have different meaning.

The __________ is the smallest distinguishable unit of all possible human speech sounds.

This area of study focuses on the particular phonemes of a language

This type of dyslexia is typically caused by traumatic brain damage.

The __________ effect involves the synchrony of visual (the speaker's lip movements)and auditory (speech)perceptions such that comprehension of what is being said can be manipulated.

This property of language coveys the notion that we are able to exchange thoughts and feelings with others.

Imagine that the maximum number of words we could remember (vocabulary size)was reduced by half.How would this change our usage of language? What might we do to compensate for a smaller vocabulary?

Describe the principles of conventionality and contrast in relation to word meaning.How might these principles limit what words should be added to or included in a language?

Explain the word superiority effect in the context of bottom-up and top-down processing.What is the relevance of this effect for reading?

The main properties of language are

Semantics is the study of the

An important characteristic of language is that it is __________,that is,language constantly evolves.

Dolores is learning English.She would like to say that it is almost time to go home.Instead,she says,"Time it is almost go home." The property of language that Dolores has not mastered is the English language's

Occasionally,readers encounter unknown words and must determine their meanings from the surrounding context.When this happens,readers with _______ use well-formulated strategies to figure out word meanings whereas readers with _______ use no clear strategy.

According to the __________ theory of speech perception,the sounds /r/ and /l/ sound identical to a native Japanese speaker because he or she articulates them the same way.