Exam 5: Making a Living

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Define foraging.

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It is a food-getting strategy that does not involve food production or domestication of animals and that involves no conscious effort to alter the environment.

How is pastoralism different from ranching?

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Pastoralists raise their animals on semi-arid grasslands whose vegetation is not a human food source,while ranchers feed their livestock grain,a human food source.

Today,only a very small percentage of the world's people live by foraging.

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In their adaptation to their harsh environment,the Australian aboriginals survived by:

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The number of individuals supported per square mile of earth is called __________.

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What major challenges are the Gwich'in of northeastern Alaska facing as a result of global warming?

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It is likely that difficult and dangerous conditions in the meat packing industry will soon result in new,strong government regulation of that industry.

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Name two major changes that have occurred to the Inuit people's subsistence strategy during the past few decades.

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How is agriculture different from horticulture?

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A major characteristic of industrialism is that it:

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The change from foraging to food production was revolutionary in that it happened within a very short period of time.

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Describe ways in which seasonal variation in the environment structures the activities of the Gwich'in,the Yarahmadzai,the Lua',and Musha,the Egyptian village.

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The example of the Kayapo of the Xingu River Basin in South America shows that traditional people were often capable of destroying their own environments.

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Describe an agricultural two-year cycle using what you have learned from Musha,Egypt.

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What are the primary steps in swidden cultivation?

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Agriculture requires more capital investment than horticulture.

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Why did the American beef industry experience a boom after World War II?

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Name the three basic criteria of each subsistence strategy.

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The major areas of pastoralism are found in:

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For the Gwich'in,the most important result of climate change has been:

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