Question 1

MATCHING
Match each of the following electrolytes with one of its roles in the body.
-Sodium

Accepted Answer

A) Helps maintain normal muscle function 
B) Movement is essential in generation of electrical signals 
C) Essential component of DNA and RNA 
D) Necessary for the production of parathyroid hormone 
A) Helps maintain normal muscle function 
B) Movement is essential in generation of electrical signals 
C) Essential component of DNA and RNA 
D) Necessary for the production of parathyroid hormone B

Question 2

IV solutions are used in electrolyte disorders to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) replace fluids and electrolytes that have been lost 
B) replace volume that has been lost 
C) administer medication 
D) do all of the above 
A) replace fluids and electrolytes that have been lost 
B) replace volume that has been lost 
C) administer medication 
D) do all of the above D

Question 3

Management of dehydration requires all of the following except _____.

Accepted Answer

A) replacement therapy with oral electrolyte solutions 
B) Intravenous (IV)fluids 
C) water alone 
D) IV fluids with electrolytes 
A) replacement therapy with oral electrolyte solutions 
B) Intravenous (IV)fluids 
C) water alone 
D) IV fluids with electrolytes C

Question 4

_____ is a necessary electrolyte to help provide energy for most cell functions.

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphorus 
B) Sulfate 
C) Bicarbonate 
D) Magnesium 
A) Phosphorus 
B) Sulfate 
C) Bicarbonate 
D) Magnesium

Question 5

Match each of the following definitions with its term.
-Condition in which the serum calcium level drops below 4.5 mEq/L

Accepted Answer

A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hypomagnesemia 
C) Hyperchloremia 
D) Hyponatremia 
E) Hyperkalemia 
A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hypomagnesemia 
C) Hyperchloremia 
D) Hyponatremia 
E) Hyperkalemia

Question 6

Which of the following electrolytes could increase the chance of arrhythmias when an abnormal amount is found inside the cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Sodium 
C) Chloride 
D) Potassium 
A) Calcium 
B) Sodium 
C) Chloride 
D) Potassium

Question 7

Which electrolyte is a major cation found inside of the cell that is important for regulation of the heartbeat and muscle function?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Magnesium 
C) Potassium 
D) Calcium 
A) Sodium 
B) Magnesium 
C) Potassium 
D) Calcium

Question 8

Which of the following could be used to treat hypernatremia?

Accepted Answer

A) Administration of salt tablets 
B) Administration of hypotonic solution such as 0.45% NaCl (or 1/2 NS) 
C) Administration of IV saline solution 3% sodium 
D) Water restriction 
A) Administration of salt tablets 
B) Administration of hypotonic solution such as 0.45% NaCl (or 1/2 NS) 
C) Administration of IV saline solution 3% sodium 
D) Water restriction

Question 9

Which of the following is not an example of a colloid?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood 
B) Hetastarch 
C) Albumin 
D) Lactated Ringer's 
A) Blood 
B) Hetastarch 
C) Albumin 
D) Lactated Ringer's

Question 10

Which of the following can be helpful in hypotensive patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypotonic fluids 
B) Isotonic fluids 
C) Hypertonic fluids 
D) Serotonic fluids 
A) Hypotonic fluids 
B) Isotonic fluids 
C) Hypertonic fluids 
D) Serotonic fluids

Question 11

The _____ ion acts as a buffer to maintain the normal levels of acidity (pH)in blood and other fluids in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) chlorine 
B) magnesium 
C) bicarbonate 
D) phosphate 
A) chlorine 
B) magnesium 
C) bicarbonate 
D) phosphate

Question 12

Which of the following can be used to replace fluids that have been lost and promote urine output?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) 
B) Dextran 40 
C) Neutra-Phos 
D) Albumin 
A) Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) 
B) Dextran 40 
C) Neutra-Phos 
D) Albumin

Question 13

All of the following are causes of edema,a classic fluid imbalance condition,except _____.

Accepted Answer

A) retention of electrolytes 
B) heart failure 
C) severe burns 
D) change in urinary frequency 
A) retention of electrolytes 
B) heart failure 
C) severe burns 
D) change in urinary frequency

Question 14

How does the treatment of water intoxication allow for recovery?

Accepted Answer

A) Manual removal of the excess water allows for balance to be restored. 
B) Administering loop diuretics helps the body get rid of the excess water through the urine. 
C) Administering hypertonic saline reduces tissue swelling and helps the body regain cellular electrolyte balance. 
D) Hypertonic saline allows the kidneys to remove salt from body,allowing the water to follow it through the urine. 
A) Manual removal of the excess water allows for balance to be restored. 
B) Administering loop diuretics helps the body get rid of the excess water through the urine. 
C) Administering hypertonic saline reduces tissue swelling and helps the body regain cellular electrolyte balance. 
D) Hypertonic saline allows the kidneys to remove salt from body,allowing the water to follow it through the urine.

Question 15

MATCHING
Match each of the following electrolytes with one of its roles in the body.
-Phosphorus

Accepted Answer

A) Helps maintain normal muscle function 
B) Movement is essential in generation of electrical signals 
C) Essential component of DNA and RNA 
D) Necessary for the production of parathyroid hormone 
A) Helps maintain normal muscle function 
B) Movement is essential in generation of electrical signals 
C) Essential component of DNA and RNA 
D) Necessary for the production of parathyroid hormone

Question 16

Match each of the following definitions with its term.
-Condition in which the serum potassium level is above 5.5 mEq/L

Accepted Answer

A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hypomagnesemia 
C) Hyperchloremia 
D) Hyponatremia 
E) Hyperkalemia 
A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hypomagnesemia 
C) Hyperchloremia 
D) Hyponatremia 
E) Hyperkalemia

Question 17

Match each of the following definitions with its term.
-Condition of decreased serum sodium concentration below the normal range (less than 136 mEq/L)

Accepted Answer

A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hypomagnesemia 
C) Hyperchloremia 
D) Hyponatremia 
E) Hyperkalemia 
A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hypomagnesemia 
C) Hyperchloremia 
D) Hyponatremia 
E) Hyperkalemia

Question 18

How is fluid and electrolyte homeostasis maintained in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Fluid and electrolyte imbalance are maintained. 
B) Input and output of water and electrolytes are balanced. 
C) Input of water must be more than the output of electrolytes. 
D) Input of electrolytes is counteracted by the input of water. 
A) Fluid and electrolyte imbalance are maintained. 
B) Input and output of water and electrolytes are balanced. 
C) Input of water must be more than the output of electrolytes. 
D) Input of electrolytes is counteracted by the input of water.

Question 19

What is the unit of measure used for the number of electrolytes in solution?

Accepted Answer

A) Milligram (mg) 
B) Milliliter (mL) 
C) Millimole (mmol) 
D) Milliequivalent (mEq) 
A) Milligram (mg) 
B) Milliliter (mL) 
C) Millimole (mmol) 
D) Milliequivalent (mEq)

Question 20

Which electrolyte is present in greatest concentration within the cell and is the second most abundant intracellular cation after potassium?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Calcium 
C) Bicarbonate 
D) Magnesium 
A) Sodium 
B) Calcium 
C) Bicarbonate 
D) Magnesium

Exam 31: Treatment of Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders

MATCHING Match each of the following electrolytes with one of its roles in the body. -Sodium

IV solutions are used in electrolyte disorders to _____.

Management of dehydration requires all of the following except _____.

_____ is a necessary electrolyte to help provide energy for most cell functions.

Match each of the following definitions with its term. -Condition in which the serum calcium level drops below 4.5 mEq/L

Which of the following electrolytes could increase the chance of arrhythmias when an abnormal amount is found inside the cells?

Which electrolyte is a major cation found inside of the cell that is important for regulation of the heartbeat and muscle function?

Which of the following could be used to treat hypernatremia?

Which of the following is not an example of a colloid?

Which of the following can be helpful in hypotensive patients?

The _____ ion acts as a buffer to maintain the normal levels of acidity (pH)in blood and other fluids in the body.

Which of the following can be used to replace fluids that have been lost and promote urine output?

All of the following are causes of edema,a classic fluid imbalance condition,except _____.

How does the treatment of water intoxication allow for recovery?

MATCHING Match each of the following electrolytes with one of its roles in the body. -Phosphorus

Match each of the following definitions with its term. -Condition in which the serum potassium level is above 5.5 mEq/L

Match each of the following definitions with its term. -Condition of decreased serum sodium concentration below the normal range (less than 136 mEq/L)

How is fluid and electrolyte homeostasis maintained in the body?

What is the unit of measure used for the number of electrolytes in solution?

Which electrolyte is present in greatest concentration within the cell and is the second most abundant intracellular cation after potassium?

Fundamentals of Pharmacology

Principles of Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

Drug Interactions and Medication Errors

Treatment of Anxiety

Treatment of Depression

Treatment of Schizophrenia and Psychoses

Treatment of Parkinsons Disease and Huntingtons Disease

Treatment of Seizure Disorders

Treatment of Pain and Migraine Headache

Treatment of Alzheimers Disease

Treatment of Sleep Disorders and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Neuromuscular Blockade

Treatment of Muscle Spasms

Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases That Affect the Musculoskeletal System

Treatment of Osteoporosis and Pagets Disease of the Bone

Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Gout

Treatment of Glaucoma

Treatment of Disorders of the Ear

Treatment of Ophthalmic and Otic Infections

Treatment of Angina

Treatment of Hypertension

Treatment of Heart Failure

Treatment of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke

Treatment of Arrhythmia

Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux, and Peptic Ulcer Disease

Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, ulcerative Colitis, and Crohns Disease

Treatment of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Treatment of Allergies

Treatment of Prostate Disease and Erectile Dysfunction

Treatment of Thyroid Disorders

Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Drugs That Affect the Reproductive System

Treatment of Bacterial Infection

Treatment of Viral Infections

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Treatment of Acne

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