Question 1

In response to emotionally arousing events, the locus coeruleus releases ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  serotonin 
A)  norepinephrine 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  serotonin

Question 2

Professor Schluter tells his class that the SCN produces circadian rhythms in a person's body by changing that person's _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  visual acuity 
B)  communication between the brain stem and the spinal cord 
C)  production of proteins 
D)  blood pressure 
A)  visual acuity 
B)  communication between the brain stem and the spinal cord 
C)  production of proteins 
D)  blood pressure

Question 3

What are some reasons why humans need sleep? In addition, Collette is sleep deprived. What are some symptoms she might experience?

Accepted Answer

Sleep is important since it allows us to

Question 4

The biological clock depends on part of the hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Les will be taking a trip, and he is worried about how to handle his jet lag. What advice would you give him?

Accepted Answer

A)  He needs to take melatonin in the morning to wake up. 
B)  He needs to expose himself to hot temperatures when he arrives to reset his circadian rhythm. 
C)  He needs to sleep in a dark room. 
D)  He needs to avoid bright daylight. 
A)  He needs to take melatonin in the morning to wake up. 
B)  He needs to expose himself to hot temperatures when he arrives to reset his circadian rhythm. 
C)  He needs to sleep in a dark room. 
D)  He needs to avoid bright daylight.

Question 6

Research found that during REM sleep, activity ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased in the pons, while it increased in the limbic system 
B)  increased in the pons, while it decreased in the limbic system 
C)  decreased in both the pons and the limbic system 
D)  increased in both the pons and the limbic system 
A)  decreased in the pons, while it increased in the limbic system 
B)  increased in the pons, while it decreased in the limbic system 
C)  decreased in both the pons and the limbic system 
D)  increased in both the pons and the limbic system

Question 7

Lena is taking antidepressants that increase her levels of serotonin. What is likely true about her sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  She cannot sleep. 
B)  She has enhanced dreaming. 
C)  She experiences more REM sleep. 
D)  She experiences less REM sleep. 
A)  She cannot sleep. 
B)  She has enhanced dreaming. 
C)  She experiences more REM sleep. 
D)  She experiences less REM sleep.

Question 8

After removing all sensory input to the brain, an animal would continue to have periods of sleep and wakefulness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The mean preferred time of going to sleep gets later and later until about age 20 and then starts a gradual reversal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Larisa has REM behavior disorder. What happens to her during REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her body temperature drops and she wakes up. 
B)  She stops breathing. 
C)  She has lucid dreams. 
D)  She moves around as if she is acting out her dreams. 
A)  Her body temperature drops and she wakes up. 
B)  She stops breathing. 
C)  She has lucid dreams. 
D)  She moves around as if she is acting out her dreams.

Question 11

It appears from research with cats that one function of the messages from the pons to the spinal cord is to prevent us from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dreaming 
B)  sleeping too soundly 
C)  acting out our dreams 
D)  having difficulty falling asleep 
A)  dreaming 
B)  sleeping too soundly 
C)  acting out our dreams 
D)  having difficulty falling asleep

Question 12

Sometimes people find themselves unable to move their postural muscles immediately after awakening. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood pressure is too low. 
B)  The motor nerves are inactive until body temperature reaches its normal level. 
C)  An increase in light striking the eyes reflexively inhibits the motor neurons. 
D)  Part of the brain is still asleep. 
A)  Blood pressure is too low. 
B)  The motor nerves are inactive until body temperature reaches its normal level. 
C)  An increase in light striking the eyes reflexively inhibits the motor neurons. 
D)  Part of the brain is still asleep.

Question 13

For a normal person, about how long does an average sleep cycle last?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 minutes 
B)  90 minutes 
C)  4 hours 
D)  7 hours 
A)  10 minutes 
B)  90 minutes 
C)  4 hours 
D)  7 hours

Question 14

Research on circadian rhythms has shown that one of the best ways to increase the alertness and efficiency of workers on night shifts is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  expose them to bright lights while they work 
B)  keep the environmental temperature constant from night to day 
C)  have them eat a big meal before going to sleep 
D)  allow them to catnap 
A)  expose them to bright lights while they work 
B)  keep the environmental temperature constant from night to day 
C)  have them eat a big meal before going to sleep 
D)  allow them to catnap

Question 15

Which of the following is most clearly under the control of a circadian rhythm in most animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sleep 
B)  Storage of body fat 
C)  Migration 
D)  Mating 
A)  Sleep 
B)  Storage of body fat 
C)  Migration 
D)  Mating

Question 16

Bright light late in the afternoon shortens the circadian rhythm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The circadian rhythm is reset by input from special ganglion cells in the retina. These ganglion cells are unusual in that they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  receive input from only cones, not rods 
B)  are located only in a doughnut-shaped band surrounding the fovea 
C)  respond directly to light, but respond very slowly 
D)  become active only at night or in very dim light 
A)  receive input from only cones, not rods 
B)  are located only in a doughnut-shaped band surrounding the fovea 
C)  respond directly to light, but respond very slowly 
D)  become active only at night or in very dim light

Question 18

Among adult humans, those who sleep ____ or more hours per night have the highest percentage of REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  9 
B)  5 
C)  8 
D)  10 
A)  9 
B)  5 
C)  8 
D)  10

Question 19

REM sleep is associated with ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  tension and activity of the postural muscles 
B)  PGO waves in the brain 
C)  a highly synchronized EEG pattern 
D)  decreased heart rate 
A)  tension and activity of the postural muscles 
B)  PGO waves in the brain 
C)  a highly synchronized EEG pattern 
D)  decreased heart rate

Question 20

Professor King is talking about sleep and tells the class that REM sleep is called paradoxical because _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  it serves restorative functions, and yet the body has no apparent need for it. 
B)  it is light sleep in some ways and deep sleep in other ways 
C)  It depends on serotonin for its onset and acetylcholine for its offset. 
D)  It is associated with dreaming although brain activity is low. 
A)  it serves restorative functions, and yet the body has no apparent need for it. 
B)  it is light sleep in some ways and deep sleep in other ways 
C)  It depends on serotonin for its onset and acetylcholine for its offset. 
D)  It is associated with dreaming although brain activity is low.

In response to emotionally arousing events, the locus coeruleus releases ____.

Professor Schluter tells his class that the SCN produces circadian rhythms in a person's body by changing that person's _____.

What are some reasons why humans need sleep? In addition, Collette is sleep deprived. What are some symptoms she might experience?

The biological clock depends on part of the hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Les will be taking a trip, and he is worried about how to handle his jet lag. What advice would you give him?

Research found that during REM sleep, activity ____.

Lena is taking antidepressants that increase her levels of serotonin. What is likely true about her sleep?

After removing all sensory input to the brain, an animal would continue to have periods of sleep and wakefulness.

The mean preferred time of going to sleep gets later and later until about age 20 and then starts a gradual reversal.

Larisa has REM behavior disorder. What happens to her during REM sleep?

It appears from research with cats that one function of the messages from the pons to the spinal cord is to prevent us from ____.

Sometimes people find themselves unable to move their postural muscles immediately after awakening. Why?

For a normal person, about how long does an average sleep cycle last?

Research on circadian rhythms has shown that one of the best ways to increase the alertness and efficiency of workers on night shifts is to ____.

Which of the following is most clearly under the control of a circadian rhythm in most animals?

Bright light late in the afternoon shortens the circadian rhythm.

The circadian rhythm is reset by input from special ganglion cells in the retina. These ganglion cells are unusual in that they ____.

Among adult humans, those who sleep ____ or more hours per night have the highest percentage of REM sleep.

REM sleep is associated with ____.

Professor King is talking about sleep and tells the class that REM sleep is called paradoxical because _____.

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, Evolution, Development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Learning, Memory, and Intelligence

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Wakefulness and Sleep

In response to emotionally arousing events, the locus coeruleus releases ____.

Professor Schluter tells his class that the SCN produces circadian rhythms in a person's body by changing that person's _____.

What are some reasons why humans need sleep? In addition, Collette is sleep deprived. What are some symptoms she might experience?

The biological clock depends on part of the hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Les will be taking a trip, and he is worried about how to handle his jet lag. What advice would you give him?

Research found that during REM sleep, activity ____.

Lena is taking antidepressants that increase her levels of serotonin. What is likely true about her sleep?

After removing all sensory input to the brain, an animal would continue to have periods of sleep and wakefulness.

The mean preferred time of going to sleep gets later and later until about age 20 and then starts a gradual reversal.

Larisa has REM behavior disorder. What happens to her during REM sleep?

It appears from research with cats that one function of the messages from the pons to the spinal cord is to prevent us from ____.

Sometimes people find themselves unable to move their postural muscles immediately after awakening. Why?

For a normal person, about how long does an average sleep cycle last?

Research on circadian rhythms has shown that one of the best ways to increase the alertness and efficiency of workers on night shifts is to ____.

Which of the following is most clearly under the control of a circadian rhythm in most animals?

Bright light late in the afternoon shortens the circadian rhythm.

The circadian rhythm is reset by input from special ganglion cells in the retina. These ganglion cells are unusual in that they ____.

Among adult humans, those who sleep ____ or more hours per night have the highest percentage of REM sleep.

REM sleep is associated with ____.

Professor King is talking about sleep and tells the class that REM sleep is called paradoxical because _____.

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, Evolution, Development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Learning, Memory, and Intelligence

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Filters