Question 1

Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.

Accepted Answer

Young adults deprived of a night's sleep

Question 2

During ____, cells in the pons send messages that inhibit the motor neurons that control the body's large muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)  wakefulness 
B)  REM sleep 
C)  NREM sleep 
D)  transitions from wakefulness to sleep or sleep to wakefulness 
A)  wakefulness 
B)  REM sleep 
C)  NREM sleep 
D)  transitions from wakefulness to sleep or sleep to wakefulness

Question 3

During REM sleep, the EEG shows ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  regular, high-voltage slow waves 
B)  irregular, high-voltage slow waves 
C)  regular, low-voltage slow waves 
D)  irregular, low-voltage fast waves 
A)  regular, high-voltage slow waves 
B)  irregular, high-voltage slow waves 
C)  regular, low-voltage slow waves 
D)  irregular, low-voltage fast waves

Question 4

What does cataplexy involve?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dreamlike experiences that the person has trouble distinguishing from reality 
B)  An attack of muscle weakness while awake 
C)  A lack of inhibition of movement during REM sleep 
D)  Repeated involuntary movement of the legs or arms during sleep 
A)  Dreamlike experiences that the person has trouble distinguishing from reality 
B)  An attack of muscle weakness while awake 
C)  A lack of inhibition of movement during REM sleep 
D)  Repeated involuntary movement of the legs or arms during sleep

Question 5

Felipa took an allergy medicine and it made her very drowsy. This is because it _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  blocked histamine 
B)  stimulated acetylcholine 
C)  decreased adenosine 
D)  blocked GABA 
A)  blocked histamine 
B)  stimulated acetylcholine 
C)  decreased adenosine 
D)  blocked GABA

Question 6

Margie just had a polysomnograph taken. What did they measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  The action potentials of her individual neurons in the spinal cord. 
B)  A combination of her EEG and eye-movement records. 
C)  The rate of glucose uptake in active regions of her brain. 
D)  The electrical resistance of her scalp. 
A)  The action potentials of her individual neurons in the spinal cord. 
B)  A combination of her EEG and eye-movement records. 
C)  The rate of glucose uptake in active regions of her brain. 
D)  The electrical resistance of her scalp.

Question 7

According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, it should be possible to predict (with better than chance accuracy) the content of a person's dreams if we know what information about the person?

Accepted Answer

A)  Concentration of serotonin and acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex 
B)  Number and type of emotional experiences during the day 
C)  Stimuli currently acting on the body and areas of spontaneous brain activity 
D)  Time the person went to sleep and the current time 
A)  Concentration of serotonin and acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex 
B)  Number and type of emotional experiences during the day 
C)  Stimuli currently acting on the body and areas of spontaneous brain activity 
D)  Time the person went to sleep and the current time

Question 8

Night terrors can be distinguished from nightmares in that night terrors ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  occur during REM sleep 
B)  occur during NREM sleep 
C)  are far more common in adults than children 
D)  usually involve sleep talking 
A)  occur during REM sleep 
B)  occur during NREM sleep 
C)  are far more common in adults than children 
D)  usually involve sleep talking

Question 9

Professor Everest tells his class that the most potent zeitgeber for humans is temperature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The input from the eyes to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, responsible for shifting the phase of the circadian rhythm, originates from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cones only 
B)  ganglion cells that are not connected to any cones or rods 
C)  cones and rods equally 
D)  rods only 
A)  cones only 
B)  ganglion cells that are not connected to any cones or rods 
C)  cones and rods equally 
D)  rods only

Question 11

Suppose you work on a submarine with only artificial light. You are required to follow a schedule of working for 12 hours and then sleeping for 6. What rhythm, if any, will your alertness and body temperature show?

Accepted Answer

A)  They will follow a rhythm of 18 hours. 
B)  They will follow the usual rhythm of 24 hours. 
C)  They will follow a rhythm of 21 hours. 
D)  They will cease to show any consistent rhythm. 
A)  They will follow a rhythm of 18 hours. 
B)  They will follow the usual rhythm of 24 hours. 
C)  They will follow a rhythm of 21 hours. 
D)  They will cease to show any consistent rhythm.

Question 12

If suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons are disconnected from the rest of the brain, they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  no longer produce any activity 
B)  continue to produce activity that follows a circadian rhythm 
C)  produce a 20-hour rhythm 
D)  produce spontaneous bursts of activity, but on no rhythmic pattern 
A)  no longer produce any activity 
B)  continue to produce activity that follows a circadian rhythm 
C)  produce a 20-hour rhythm 
D)  produce spontaneous bursts of activity, but on no rhythmic pattern

Question 13

Olinda is blind; therefore, she does not have circadian rhythms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

While Arlette is sleeping, her locus coeruleus is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly inactive 
B)  very active 
C)  producing melatonin 
D)  releasing epinephrine 
A)  mostly inactive 
B)  very active 
C)  producing melatonin 
D)  releasing epinephrine

Question 15

Which of these is characteristic of sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Involuntary movements of the arms and legs during sleep 
B)  Periods without breathing during sleeping 
C)  Tendency to fall asleep suddenly during the day 
D)  Sleep walking and sleep terrors 
A)  Involuntary movements of the arms and legs during sleep 
B)  Periods without breathing during sleeping 
C)  Tendency to fall asleep suddenly during the day 
D)  Sleep walking and sleep terrors

Question 16

Lazaro has sleep apnea. What is this and what treatments might his doctor suggest?

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea is when Lazaro has temporary

Question 17

Describe a normal sleep cycle.

Accepted Answer

Sleep cycles are typically around 90-min

Question 18

What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never dream does, in fact, have dreams?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ask them about their dreams immediately after they wake up in the morning. 
B)  Wake them up during REM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming. 
C)  Wake them up during NREM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming. 
D)  Ask them under hypnosis if they have had any dreams recently. 
A)  Ask them about their dreams immediately after they wake up in the morning. 
B)  Wake them up during REM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming. 
C)  Wake them up during NREM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming. 
D)  Ask them under hypnosis if they have had any dreams recently.

Question 19

Explain what endogenous circannual and circadian rhythms are and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Endogenouscircannual rhythms are biologi

Question 20

Mia wants to take a trip, but she is worried about jet lag. What advice would you give her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traveling to the east is easier. 
B)  Traveling to the west is easier. 
C)  The direction of travel makes no difference so she should pick her favorite place. 
D)  The effect varies greatly from person to person so she should ask her doctor for advice. 
A)  Traveling to the east is easier. 
B)  Traveling to the west is easier. 
C)  The direction of travel makes no difference so she should pick her favorite place. 
D)  The effect varies greatly from person to person so she should ask her doctor for advice.

Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.

During ____, cells in the pons send messages that inhibit the motor neurons that control the body's large muscles.

During REM sleep, the EEG shows ____.

What does cataplexy involve?

Felipa took an allergy medicine and it made her very drowsy. This is because it _____.

Margie just had a polysomnograph taken. What did they measure?

According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, it should be possible to predict (with better than chance accuracy) the content of a person's dreams if we know what information about the person?

Night terrors can be distinguished from nightmares in that night terrors ____.

Professor Everest tells his class that the most potent zeitgeber for humans is temperature.

The input from the eyes to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, responsible for shifting the phase of the circadian rhythm, originates from ____.

Suppose you work on a submarine with only artificial light. You are required to follow a schedule of working for 12 hours and then sleeping for 6. What rhythm, if any, will your alertness and body temperature show?

If suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons are disconnected from the rest of the brain, they ____.

Olinda is blind; therefore, she does not have circadian rhythms.

While Arlette is sleeping, her locus coeruleus is _____.

Which of these is characteristic of sleep apnea?

Lazaro has sleep apnea. What is this and what treatments might his doctor suggest?

Describe a normal sleep cycle.

What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never dream does, in fact, have dreams?

Explain what endogenous circannual and circadian rhythms are and give an example of each.

Mia wants to take a trip, but she is worried about jet lag. What advice would you give her?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, Evolution, Development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Learning, Memory, and Intelligence

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Wakefulness and Sleep

Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.

During ____, cells in the pons send messages that inhibit the motor neurons that control the body's large muscles.

During REM sleep, the EEG shows ____.

What does cataplexy involve?

Felipa took an allergy medicine and it made her very drowsy. This is because it _____.

Margie just had a polysomnograph taken. What did they measure?

According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, it should be possible to predict (with better than chance accuracy) the content of a person's dreams if we know what information about the person?

Night terrors can be distinguished from nightmares in that night terrors ____.

Professor Everest tells his class that the most potent zeitgeber for humans is temperature.

The input from the eyes to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, responsible for shifting the phase of the circadian rhythm, originates from ____.

Suppose you work on a submarine with only artificial light. You are required to follow a schedule of working for 12 hours and then sleeping for 6. What rhythm, if any, will your alertness and body temperature show?

If suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons are disconnected from the rest of the brain, they ____.

Olinda is blind; therefore, she does not have circadian rhythms.

While Arlette is sleeping, her locus coeruleus is _____.

Which of these is characteristic of sleep apnea?

Lazaro has sleep apnea. What is this and what treatments might his doctor suggest?

Describe a normal sleep cycle.

What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never dream does, in fact, have dreams?

Explain what endogenous circannual and circadian rhythms are and give an example of each.

Mia wants to take a trip, but she is worried about jet lag. What advice would you give her?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, Evolution, Development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Learning, Memory, and Intelligence

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Filters