Question 1

Jonathan received a strong blow to the eye. The eyeball remained intact but he suddenly could not see. Thishas likely caused

Accepted Answer

A)  development of cataracts. 
B)  a detached retina. 
C)  development of glaucoma. 
D)  astigmatism. 
E)  myopia. 
A)  development of cataracts. 
B)  a detached retina. 
C)  development of glaucoma. 
D)  astigmatism. 
E)  myopia.

Question 2

Damage to the insula is most likely to affect which of the following senses?

Accepted Answer

A)  olfaction 
B)  gustation 
C)  vision 
D)  hearing 
E)  equilibrium 
A)  olfaction 
B)  gustation 
C)  vision 
D)  hearing 
E)  equilibrium

Question 3

________ fills the membranous labyrinth.

Accepted Answer

A)  Perilymph 
B)  CSF 
C)  Interstitial fluid 
D)  Endolymph 
E)  Blood 
A)  Perilymph 
B)  CSF 
C)  Interstitial fluid 
D)  Endolymph 
E)  Blood

Question 4

________ deafness results from conditions in the outer or middle ear that block the transfer of vibrationsfrom the environment to the tympanic membrane or to the oval window.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensory 
B)  Nerve 
C)  Conductive 
D)  Mechanical 
E)  Macular 
A)  Sensory 
B)  Nerve 
C)  Conductive 
D)  Mechanical 
E)  Macular

Question 5

The following is a list of the steps that occur in the production of an auditory sensation. What is the proper sequence for these steps?
1) The pressure wave distorts the basilar membrane on its way to the round window.
2) Movement of the tympanic membrane causes displacement of the malleus.
3) Displacement of the stereocilia stimulates sensory neurons of the cochlear nerve.
4) Movement of the malleus causes movement of the incus and stapes.
5) Distortion of the basilar membrane forces the hair cells of the spiral organ to vibrate against the tectorial membrane.
6) Movement of the oval window establishes pressure waves in the perilymph of the scala vestibuli.

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 4, 1, 6, 5, 3 
B)  2, 4, 6, 3, 5, 1 
C)  2, 1, 4, 6, 5, 3 
D)  2, 4, 6, 1, 5, 3 
E)  2, 5, 4, 6, 1, 3 
A)  2, 4, 1, 6, 5, 3 
B)  2, 4, 6, 3, 5, 1 
C)  2, 1, 4, 6, 5, 3 
D)  2, 4, 6, 1, 5, 3 
E)  2, 5, 4, 6, 1, 3

Question 6

During accommodation, the ciliary muscle ________ causing the ciliary body to move ________ and apply ________ tension on the lens.

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxes; toward the lens; more 
B)  contracts; toward the lens; less 
C)  contracts; away from the lens; more 
D)  relaxes; inward; less 
E)  contracts; away from the lens; less 
A)  relaxes; toward the lens; more 
B)  contracts; toward the lens; less 
C)  contracts; away from the lens; more 
D)  relaxes; inward; less 
E)  contracts; away from the lens; less

Question 7

________ cells connect photoreceptors to ganglion cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bipolar 
B)  Ganglion 
C)  Amacrine 
D)  Cone 
E)  Rod 
A)  Bipolar 
B)  Ganglion 
C)  Amacrine 
D)  Cone 
E)  Rod

Question 8

What structure regulates the amount of light that passes to the photoreceptors of the eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitreous body 
B)  cornea 
C)  ciliary muscle 
D)  iris 
E)  lens 
A)  vitreous body 
B)  cornea 
C)  ciliary muscle 
D)  iris 
E)  lens

Question 9

The olfactory receptors are highly modified

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelial cells. 
B)  interneurons. 
C)  sensory neurons. 
D)  motor neurons. 
E)  neuroglial cells. 
A)  epithelial cells. 
B)  interneurons. 
C)  sensory neurons. 
D)  motor neurons. 
E)  neuroglial cells.

Question 10

The space between the iris and the lens is the

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior chamber. 
B)  posterior chamber. 
C)  pupil. 
D)  scleral venous sinus. 
E)  vitreous body. 
A)  anterior chamber. 
B)  posterior chamber. 
C)  pupil. 
D)  scleral venous sinus. 
E)  vitreous body.

Question 11

The space between the cornea and the iris is the

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior chamber. 
B)  posterior chamber. 
C)  scleral venous sinus. 
D)  aqueous humor. 
E)  pupil. 
A)  anterior chamber. 
B)  posterior chamber. 
C)  scleral venous sinus. 
D)  aqueous humor. 
E)  pupil.

Question 12

A typical gustatory cell survives for only about ________ day(s) before it is replaced.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  1 
C)  60 
D)  30 
E)  365 
A)  10 
B)  1 
C)  60 
D)  30 
E)  365

Question 13

Gravity and linear acceleration are sensed in the

Accepted Answer

A)  semicircular canals. 
B)  cochlea. 
C)  scala tympani. 
D)  saccule and utricle. 
E)  spiral organ. 
A)  semicircular canals. 
B)  cochlea. 
C)  scala tympani. 
D)  saccule and utricle. 
E)  spiral organ.

Question 14

The elevated ridges within the semicircular canals that support the hair cells are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  ampullary crests. 
B)  maculae. 
C)  canals. 
D)  vestibules. 
E)  otoliths. 
A)  ampullary crests. 
B)  maculae. 
C)  canals. 
D)  vestibules. 
E)  otoliths.

Question 15

Which of the following produces a lipid-rich secretion that prevents the upper and lower eyelids from sticking together at their edges?

Accepted Answer

A)  palpebra 
B)  lacrimal caruncle 
C)  chalazion 
D)  tarsal gland 
E)  conjunctiva 
A)  palpebra 
B)  lacrimal caruncle 
C)  chalazion 
D)  tarsal gland 
E)  conjunctiva

Question 16

Which structure of the brain does not receive any auditory input?

Accepted Answer

A)  superior olivary nucleus of the pons 
B)  inferior colliculi of the midbrain 
C)  auditory cortex of the temporal lobe 
D)  medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus 
E)  pineal gland of the epithalamus 
A)  superior olivary nucleus of the pons 
B)  inferior colliculi of the midbrain 
C)  auditory cortex of the temporal lobe 
D)  medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus 
E)  pineal gland of the epithalamus

Question 17

Figure 17-2 The Ear
  
Use Figure 17-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which structure is known as the vestibule?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  8 
C)  9 
D)  10 
E)  11 
A)  6 
B)  8 
C)  9 
D)  10 
E)  11

Question 18

Each gustatory cell extends ________ (called taste hairs) into the surrounding fluids through a narrow taste pore.

Accepted Answer

A)  microvilli 
B)  villi 
C)  papillae 
D)  palpebra 
E)  G proteins 
A)  microvilli 
B)  villi 
C)  papillae 
D)  palpebra 
E)  G proteins

Question 19

Our inner ear is protected from very loud noises by

Accepted Answer

A)  the tensor tympani stiffening the tympanic membrane. 
B)  the stapedius reducing movement of the stapes. 
C)  the tensory tympani stiffening the tympanic membrane and the stapedius reducing movement of the stapes. 
D)  cerumen in the auditory canal. 
E)  contraction of the auditory tube. 
A)  the tensor tympani stiffening the tympanic membrane. 
B)  the stapedius reducing movement of the stapes. 
C)  the tensory tympani stiffening the tympanic membrane and the stapedius reducing movement of the stapes. 
D)  cerumen in the auditory canal. 
E)  contraction of the auditory tube.

Question 20

A period of adjustment is required when moving from a dark room into bright light because

Accepted Answer

A)  the breakdown of rhodopsin to opsin occurs slowly. 
B)  the lens requires time to accommodate dim light. 
C)  rods exposed to strong light need time to regenerate rhodopsin. 
D)  rhodopsin does not function in dim light. 
E)  only cones function in dim light. 
A)  the breakdown of rhodopsin to opsin occurs slowly. 
B)  the lens requires time to accommodate dim light. 
C)  rods exposed to strong light need time to regenerate rhodopsin. 
D)  rhodopsin does not function in dim light. 
E)  only cones function in dim light.

Exam 17: The Special Senses

Jonathan received a strong blow to the eye. The eyeball remained intact but he suddenly could not see. Thishas likely caused

Damage to the insula is most likely to affect which of the following senses?

________ fills the membranous labyrinth.

________ deafness results from conditions in the outer or middle ear that block the transfer of vibrationsfrom the environment to the tympanic membrane or to the oval window.

During accommodation, the ciliary muscle ________ causing the ciliary body to move ________ and apply ________ tension on the lens.

________ cells connect photoreceptors to ganglion cells.

What structure regulates the amount of light that passes to the photoreceptors of the eye?

The olfactory receptors are highly modified

The space between the iris and the lens is the

The space between the cornea and the iris is the

A typical gustatory cell survives for only about ________ day(s) before it is replaced.

Gravity and linear acceleration are sensed in the

The elevated ridges within the semicircular canals that support the hair cells are known as

Which of the following produces a lipid-rich secretion that prevents the upper and lower eyelids from sticking together at their edges?

Which structure of the brain does not receive any auditory input?

Figure 17-2 The Ear Use Figure 17-2 to answer the following questions: -Which structure is known as the vestibule?

Each gustatory cell extends ________ (called taste hairs) into the surrounding fluids through a narrow taste pore.

Our inner ear is protected from very loud noises by

A period of adjustment is required when moving from a dark room into bright light because

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

During accommodation, the ciliary muscle causing the ciliary body to move and apply tension on the lens.