Question 1

Which of the following correctly states how a gustatory receptor will be stimulated by an acidic or sourcompound?

Accepted Answer

A)  G proteins will be activated. 
B)  Hydrogen ions will diffuse into the receptor cell causing depolarization. 
C)  Sodium ions will diffuse into the receptor cell causing depolarization. 
D)  Second messengers will be activated. 
E)  Adenylate cyclase will be activated. 
A)  G proteins will be activated. 
B)  Hydrogen ions will diffuse into the receptor cell causing depolarization. 
C)  Sodium ions will diffuse into the receptor cell causing depolarization. 
D)  Second messengers will be activated. 
E)  Adenylate cyclase will be activated.

Question 2

Visual pigments are derivatives of the compound

Accepted Answer

A)  retinal. 
B)  opsin. 
C)  rhodopsin. 
D)  transducin. 
E)  cGMP. 
A)  retinal. 
B)  opsin. 
C)  rhodopsin. 
D)  transducin. 
E)  cGMP.

Question 3

A young child has been diagnosed with a recessive hereditary disease that results in destruction of thelateral geniculate body. The result of this would be

Accepted Answer

A)  inability to change the focus with your lens. 
B)  excessive light bouncing around within the posterior portion of the eyeball. 
C)  total blindness. 
D)  no production of rhodopsin. 
E)  partial loss of vision. 
A)  inability to change the focus with your lens. 
B)  excessive light bouncing around within the posterior portion of the eyeball. 
C)  total blindness. 
D)  no production of rhodopsin. 
E)  partial loss of vision.

Question 4

A sudden increase of light into the eye would cause

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of the sphincter pupillary muscles. 
B)  contraction of the radial pupillary muscles. 
C)  conversion of 11-trans to 11-cis retinal. 
D)  an increase in the size of the pupil. 
E)  parasympathetic stimulation to the pupil. 
A)  contraction of the sphincter pupillary muscles. 
B)  contraction of the radial pupillary muscles. 
C)  conversion of 11-trans to 11-cis retinal. 
D)  an increase in the size of the pupil. 
E)  parasympathetic stimulation to the pupil.

Question 5

The taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acid glutamate is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  sweet. 
B)  umami. 
C)  salty. 
D)  peppery. 
E)  sour. 
A)  sweet. 
B)  umami. 
C)  salty. 
D)  peppery. 
E)  sour.

Question 6

Which of the following is not one of the six primary taste sensations?

Accepted Answer

A)  sweet 
B)  peppery 
C)  sour 
D)  salty 
E)  umami 
A)  sweet 
B)  peppery 
C)  sour 
D)  salty 
E)  umami

Question 7

The cochlear duct lies between which two structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  utricle and saccule 
B)  vestibule and semicircular canals 
C)  basilar and tectorial membranes 
D)  scala vestibuli and scala tympani 
E)  ganglion cells and the cochlear nerve 
A)  utricle and saccule 
B)  vestibule and semicircular canals 
C)  basilar and tectorial membranes 
D)  scala vestibuli and scala tympani 
E)  ganglion cells and the cochlear nerve

Question 8

The olfactory organ consists of the ________ and the lamina propria.

Accepted Answer

A)  gustatory cells 
B)  basilar membrane 
C)  olfactory epithelium 
D)  hippocampus 
E)  ethmoid bone 
A)  gustatory cells 
B)  basilar membrane 
C)  olfactory epithelium 
D)  hippocampus 
E)  ethmoid bone

Question 9

An adult has approximately ________ taste buds.

Accepted Answer

A)  100 
B)  10,000 
C)  4,000,000 
D)  500 
E)  50,000 
A)  100 
B)  10,000 
C)  4,000,000 
D)  500 
E)  50,000

Question 10

The gelatinous material that gives the eyeball its basic shape is the

Accepted Answer

A)  vitreous humor. 
B)  aqueous humor. 
C)  ora serrata. 
D)  perilymph. 
E)  posterior cavity. 
A)  vitreous humor. 
B)  aqueous humor. 
C)  ora serrata. 
D)  perilymph. 
E)  posterior cavity.

Question 11

During a sinus infection it is difficult to smell because

Accepted Answer

A)  basal cell division decreases. 
B)  olfactory glands stop producing mucus. 
C)  olfactory supporting cells block odorant molecules from reaching the receptors. 
D)  the hypothalamus stops responding to olfactory stimulation. 
E)  excess mucus blocks odorant molecules from reaching the receptors. 
A)  basal cell division decreases. 
B)  olfactory glands stop producing mucus. 
C)  olfactory supporting cells block odorant molecules from reaching the receptors. 
D)  the hypothalamus stops responding to olfactory stimulation. 
E)  excess mucus blocks odorant molecules from reaching the receptors.

Question 12

Conflicting sensory information from visual and movement signals may cause

Accepted Answer

A)  ringing in the ears. 
B)  temporary deafness. 
C)  difficulty hearing low tones. 
D)  motion sickness. 
E)  enhanced hearing. 
A)  ringing in the ears. 
B)  temporary deafness. 
C)  difficulty hearing low tones. 
D)  motion sickness. 
E)  enhanced hearing.

Question 13

The function of the auditory tube is to

Accepted Answer

A)  help maintain equilibrium. 
B)  amplify sounds. 
C)  equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane. 
D)  redistribute endolymph after hearing a sound. 
E)  provide a passageway for sound waves to enter the ear. 
A)  help maintain equilibrium. 
B)  amplify sounds. 
C)  equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane. 
D)  redistribute endolymph after hearing a sound. 
E)  provide a passageway for sound waves to enter the ear.

Question 14

When you spin quickly, you may feel dizzy. Which component of the inner ear generates the sensations thatcan lead to this feeling?

Accepted Answer

A)  spiral organ 
B)  maculae 
C)  otoliths 
D)  semicircular canals 
E)  ossicles 
A)  spiral organ 
B)  maculae 
C)  otoliths 
D)  semicircular canals 
E)  ossicles

Question 15

A type of farsightedness that results from a loss of lens elasticity with age is

Accepted Answer

A)  myopia. 
B)  hyperopia. 
C)  emmetropia. 
D)  presbyopia. 
E)  diplopia. 
A)  myopia. 
B)  hyperopia. 
C)  emmetropia. 
D)  presbyopia. 
E)  diplopia.

Question 16

When the tympanic membrane vibrates with the same frequency as the incoming sound waves it is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  resonance. 
B)  amplitude. 
C)  pitch. 
D)  hertz. 
E)  cycles. 
A)  resonance. 
B)  amplitude. 
C)  pitch. 
D)  hertz. 
E)  cycles.

Question 17

All of the following are true of the neural layer of the eye except that it

Accepted Answer

A)  contains ganglion cells. 
B)  contains the photoreceptor cells. 
C)  contains bipolar cells. 
D)  is the innermost layer of the eyeball. 
E)  consists of dense fibrous connective tissue. 
A)  contains ganglion cells. 
B)  contains the photoreceptor cells. 
C)  contains bipolar cells. 
D)  is the innermost layer of the eyeball. 
E)  consists of dense fibrous connective tissue.

Question 18

How would blockage of the auditory (Eustachian) tube at its exit in the nasopharynx by lymphatic tissue ("adenoids") affect ear function and health?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of the auditory tube leads to p

Question 19

The external acoustic meatus ends at the

Accepted Answer

A)  tympanic membrane. 
B)  auditory ossicles. 
C)  cochlea. 
D)  pinna. 
E)  vestibule. 
A)  tympanic membrane. 
B)  auditory ossicles. 
C)  cochlea. 
D)  pinna. 
E)  vestibule.

Question 20

The structure that forms the "roof" of the spiral organ is the

Accepted Answer

A)  basilar membrane. 
B)  tectorial membrane. 
C)  stapedius. 
D)  perilymph. 
E)  endolymph. 
A)  basilar membrane. 
B)  tectorial membrane. 
C)  stapedius. 
D)  perilymph. 
E)  endolymph.

Exam 17: The Special Senses

Which of the following correctly states how a gustatory receptor will be stimulated by an acidic or sourcompound?

Visual pigments are derivatives of the compound

A young child has been diagnosed with a recessive hereditary disease that results in destruction of thelateral geniculate body. The result of this would be

A sudden increase of light into the eye would cause

The taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acid glutamate is known as

Which of the following is not one of the six primary taste sensations?

The cochlear duct lies between which two structures?

The olfactory organ consists of the ________ and the lamina propria.

An adult has approximately ________ taste buds.

The gelatinous material that gives the eyeball its basic shape is the

During a sinus infection it is difficult to smell because

Conflicting sensory information from visual and movement signals may cause

The function of the auditory tube is to

When you spin quickly, you may feel dizzy. Which component of the inner ear generates the sensations thatcan lead to this feeling?

A type of farsightedness that results from a loss of lens elasticity with age is

When the tympanic membrane vibrates with the same frequency as the incoming sound waves it is known as

All of the following are true of the neural layer of the eye except that it

How would blockage of the auditory (Eustachian) tube at its exit in the nasopharynx by lymphatic tissue ("adenoids") affect ear function and health?

The external acoustic meatus ends at the

The structure that forms the "roof" of the spiral organ is the

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

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