Question 1

What six basic steps are involved in the process of hearing?

Accepted Answer

1() Sound waves arrive at the tympanic m

Question 2

The structure that supports the spiral organ is the

Accepted Answer

A)  tectorial membrane. 
B)  basilar membrane. 
C)  membranous labyrinth. 
D)  vestibular duct. 
E)  tympanic membrane. 
A)  tectorial membrane. 
B)  basilar membrane. 
C)  membranous labyrinth. 
D)  vestibular duct. 
E)  tympanic membrane.

Question 3

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-The tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles are found in which anatomical region of the ear? (Figure 17-21)

Accepted Answer

A)  external ear 
B)  middle ear 
C)  internal ear 
D)  temporal ear 
E)  vestibule of ear 
A)  external ear 
B)  middle ear 
C)  internal ear 
D)  temporal ear 
E)  vestibule of ear

Question 4

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-Amacrine cells are found where what other types of cells synapse? Horizontal cells are found where what other types of cells synapse? (Figure 17-7)

Accepted Answer

A)  bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells; photoreceptors synapse with bipolar cells 
B)  photoreceptors synapse with bipolar cells; bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells 
C)  photoreceptors synapse with ganglion cells; bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells 
D)  horizontal cells synapse with photoreceptors; amacrine cells synapse with ganglion cells 
E)  horizontal cells synapse with bipolar cells; amacrine cells synapse with bipolar cells 
A)  bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells; photoreceptors synapse with bipolar cells 
B)  photoreceptors synapse with bipolar cells; bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells 
C)  photoreceptors synapse with ganglion cells; bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells 
D)  horizontal cells synapse with photoreceptors; amacrine cells synapse with ganglion cells 
E)  horizontal cells synapse with bipolar cells; amacrine cells synapse with bipolar cells

Question 5

Figure 17-2 The Ear
  
Use Figure 17-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which structure contains the receptors for hearing?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  8 
C)  9 
D)  10 
E)  11 
A)  6 
B)  8 
C)  9 
D)  10 
E)  11

Question 6

Which of the following is true of olfactory discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are 6 primary smells known. 
B)  The number of olfactory receptors decline as we age. 
C)  All odorants require the same concentration to activate an olfactory receptor. 
D)  There are different types of olfactory receptor cells to detect each type of odorant. 
E)  The olfactory receptor population does not divide. 
A)  There are 6 primary smells known. 
B)  The number of olfactory receptors decline as we age. 
C)  All odorants require the same concentration to activate an olfactory receptor. 
D)  There are different types of olfactory receptor cells to detect each type of odorant. 
E)  The olfactory receptor population does not divide.

Question 7

Trace the pathway of a nerve impulse from the eye to the cortex.

Accepted Answer

ganglion cell ? optic nerve (c

Question 8

In the light-adapted state,

Accepted Answer

A)  photoreceptors are much more sensitive to stimulation. 
B)  photoreceptors are much less sensitive to stimulation. 
C)  we can only see color, and not black and white. 
D)  we would see better in the dark. 
E)  colors are dull. 
A)  photoreceptors are much more sensitive to stimulation. 
B)  photoreceptors are much less sensitive to stimulation. 
C)  we can only see color, and not black and white. 
D)  we would see better in the dark. 
E)  colors are dull.

Question 9

Abnormal jumpy eye movements that may appear after brain stem or inner ear damage are called

Accepted Answer

A)  tinnitus. 
B)  vertigo. 
C)  strabismus. 
D)  nystagmus. 
E)  trismus. 
A)  tinnitus. 
B)  vertigo. 
C)  strabismus. 
D)  nystagmus. 
E)  trismus.

Question 10

Perception of gravity and linear acceleration depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the pressure exerted by the ampullary cupula on hair cells. 
B)  vibrations of the tectorial membrane striking hair cells. 
C)  the force exerted by otoliths on hair cells of the maculae. 
D)  the movement of endolymph within the semicircular canals. 
E)  the bending of hair cells in the ampullae. 
A)  changes in the pressure exerted by the ampullary cupula on hair cells. 
B)  vibrations of the tectorial membrane striking hair cells. 
C)  the force exerted by otoliths on hair cells of the maculae. 
D)  the movement of endolymph within the semicircular canals. 
E)  the bending of hair cells in the ampullae.

Question 11

Some neural tissues retain stem cells and thus the capacity to divide and replace lost neurons. Which ofthese special senses can replace its damaged neural receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  olfaction 
B)  hearing 
C)  equilibrium 
D)  proprioception 
E)  vision 
A)  olfaction 
B)  hearing 
C)  equilibrium 
D)  proprioception 
E)  vision

Question 12

Modified sebaceous glands located along the margin of the eyelid that secrete a lipid-rich product are called ________ glands.

Accepted Answer

A)  carpal 
B)  mucous 
C)  optic 
D)  ocular 
E)  tarsal 
A)  carpal 
B)  mucous 
C)  optic 
D)  ocular 
E)  tarsal

Question 13

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term stereocilia?

Accepted Answer

A)  move up and down when the stapes moves back and forth 
B)  transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear 
C)  bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells 
D)  tiny weights necessary for the static sense of equilibrium 
E)  seal the oval window 
A)  move up and down when the stapes moves back and forth 
B)  transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear 
C)  bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells 
D)  tiny weights necessary for the static sense of equilibrium 
E)  seal the oval window

Question 14

Taste buds are clusters of individual

Accepted Answer

A)  vallate papillae. 
B)  gustatory hairs. 
C)  epithelial cells. 
D)  olfactory receptors. 
E)  gustatory receptors. 
A)  vallate papillae. 
B)  gustatory hairs. 
C)  epithelial cells. 
D)  olfactory receptors. 
E)  gustatory receptors.

Question 15

The following steps occur in rods when they are excited by photons of light. What is the proper sequence for these steps?
1) Membrane sodium channels close.
2) Increased phosphodiesterase breaks down cGMP.
3) Retinal changes from the 11-cis form to the 11-trans form.
4) The membrane hyperpolarizes and the rate of neurotransmitter release declines.
5) Opsin activates transducin.
6) Opsin activation occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 6, 5, 2, 4, 3 
B)  3, 6, 5, 2, 1, 4 
C)  6, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4 
D)  3, 6, 5, 1, 2, 4 
E)  1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 2 
A)  1, 6, 5, 2, 4, 3 
B)  3, 6, 5, 2, 1, 4 
C)  6, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4 
D)  3, 6, 5, 1, 2, 4 
E)  1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 2

Question 16

An abnormal blind spot appearing in vision is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  astigmatism. 
B)  cataract. 
C)  scotoma. 
D)  chalazion. 
E)  sty. 
A)  astigmatism. 
B)  cataract. 
C)  scotoma. 
D)  chalazion. 
E)  sty.

Question 17

As the stapes vibrates the oval window, pressure waves first begin

Accepted Answer

A)  in the endolymph of the scala vestibuli. 
B)  in the endolymph of the scala tympani. 
C)  in the perilymph of the scala vestibuli. 
D)  in the perilymph of the scala tympani. 
E)  in the endolymph of the cochlear duct. 
A)  in the endolymph of the scala vestibuli. 
B)  in the endolymph of the scala tympani. 
C)  in the perilymph of the scala vestibuli. 
D)  in the perilymph of the scala tympani. 
E)  in the endolymph of the cochlear duct.

Question 18

What structure changes the shape of the lens for far and near vision?

Accepted Answer

A)  aqueous humor 
B)  ciliary body 
C)  iris 
D)  extrinsic eye muscles 
E)  macula 
A)  aqueous humor 
B)  ciliary body 
C)  iris 
D)  extrinsic eye muscles 
E)  macula

Question 19

Color blindness is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  hereditary disease involving a lack of certain cones. 
B)  nutritional disease related to a deficiency of vitamin A. 
C)  progressive deterioration of the ganglion cells of the retina. 
D)  inflammatory reaction causing damage to the photoreceptors. 
E)  infection of the retina, resulting in destruction of the cones. 
A)  hereditary disease involving a lack of certain cones. 
B)  nutritional disease related to a deficiency of vitamin A. 
C)  progressive deterioration of the ganglion cells of the retina. 
D)  inflammatory reaction causing damage to the photoreceptors. 
E)  infection of the retina, resulting in destruction of the cones.

Question 20

Each of the special senses can be expected to decline in some way over time. Describe some of the changescommonly seen in the function of the special senses with age.

Accepted Answer

Olfactory receptors are reduced in numbe

Exam 17: The Special Senses

What six basic steps are involved in the process of hearing?

The structure that supports the spiral organ is the

In-Text Figure Based Questions -The tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles are found in which anatomical region of the ear? (Figure 17-21)

In-Text Figure Based Questions -Amacrine cells are found where what other types of cells synapse? Horizontal cells are found where what other types of cells synapse? (Figure 17-7)

Figure 17-2 The Ear Use Figure 17-2 to answer the following questions: -Which structure contains the receptors for hearing?

Which of the following is true of olfactory discrimination?

Trace the pathway of a nerve impulse from the eye to the cortex.

In the light-adapted state,

Abnormal jumpy eye movements that may appear after brain stem or inner ear damage are called

Perception of gravity and linear acceleration depends on

Some neural tissues retain stem cells and thus the capacity to divide and replace lost neurons. Which ofthese special senses can replace its damaged neural receptors?

Modified sebaceous glands located along the margin of the eyelid that secrete a lipid-rich product are called ________ glands.

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term stereocilia?

Taste buds are clusters of individual

An abnormal blind spot appearing in vision is called a(n)

As the stapes vibrates the oval window, pressure waves first begin

What structure changes the shape of the lens for far and near vision?

Color blindness is a(n)

Each of the special senses can be expected to decline in some way over time. Describe some of the changescommonly seen in the function of the special senses with age.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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