Question 1

Which of the following is the primary second messenger in G-protein coupled post-synaptic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  NO 
B)  CO 
C)  cAMP 
D)  GABA 
E)  ATP 
A)  NO 
B)  CO 
C)  cAMP 
D)  GABA 
E)  ATP

Question 2

________ carry sensory information to the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A)  Motor neurons 
B)  Efferent neurons 
C)  Multipolar neurons 
D)  Afferent neurons 
E)  Interneurons 
A)  Motor neurons 
B)  Efferent neurons 
C)  Multipolar neurons 
D)  Afferent neurons 
E)  Interneurons

Question 3

Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called

Accepted Answer

A)  neurofilaments. 
B)  neurofibrils. 
C)  perikaryon. 
D)  Nissl bodies. 
E)  microglia. 
A)  neurofilaments. 
B)  neurofibrils. 
C)  perikaryon. 
D)  Nissl bodies. 
E)  microglia.

Question 4

Which of the following neurotransmitters are known to bind to G-protein coupled receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  dopamine 
D)  GABA 
E)  All of these bind to G-protein coupled receptors. 
A)  epinephrine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  dopamine 
D)  GABA 
E)  All of these bind to G-protein coupled receptors.

Question 5

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  maintaining the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  conducting action potentials. 
C)  guiding neuron development. 
D)  responding to neural tissue damage. 
E)  forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS. 
A)  maintaining the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  conducting action potentials. 
C)  guiding neuron development. 
D)  responding to neural tissue damage. 
E)  forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS.

Question 6

Figure 12-1 The Neuron
  
Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions:
-The structure labeled "2" is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  neurofilament. 
B)  dendrite. 
C)  initial segment. 
D)  perikaryon. 
E)  axon. 
A)  neurofilament. 
B)  dendrite. 
C)  initial segment. 
D)  perikaryon. 
E)  axon.

Question 7

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

Accepted Answer

A)  the membrane potential will repolarize. 
B)  the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. 
C)  inward movement of sodium ion will increase. 
D)  outward movement of sodium ion will decrease. 
E)  inward movement of sodium will increase and the membrane will depolarize. 
A)  the membrane potential will repolarize. 
B)  the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. 
C)  inward movement of sodium ion will increase. 
D)  outward movement of sodium ion will decrease. 
E)  inward movement of sodium will increase and the membrane will depolarize.

Question 8

Which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that is importantinlearning and memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  gamma aminobutyric acid 
C)  serotonin 
D)  noradrenaline 
E)  glycine 
A)  glutamate 
B)  gamma aminobutyric acid 
C)  serotonin 
D)  noradrenaline 
E)  glycine

Question 9

Ion channels that are always open are called ________ channels.

Accepted Answer

A)  active 
B)  gated 
C)  leak 
D)  regulated 
E)  local 
A)  active 
B)  gated 
C)  leak 
D)  regulated 
E)  local

Question 10

When a second EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potential) arrives at a single synapse before the effects of the first have disappeared, what occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  spatial summation 
B)  temporal summation 
C)  inhibition of the impulse 
D)  hyperpolarization 
E)  decrease in speed of impulse transmission 
A)  spatial summation 
B)  temporal summation 
C)  inhibition of the impulse 
D)  hyperpolarization 
E)  decrease in speed of impulse transmission

Question 11

The most common neuron of the nervous system is the

Accepted Answer

A)  interneuron. 
B)  externoceptor. 
C)  bipolar neuron. 
D)  unipolar neuron. 
E)  microglial cell. 
A)  interneuron. 
B)  externoceptor. 
C)  bipolar neuron. 
D)  unipolar neuron. 
E)  microglial cell.

Question 12

Figure 12-1 The Neuron
  
Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions:
-The structures labeled "1" are dendrites. Their membranes contain numerous chemically-gated ion channels.

Accepted Answer

A)  The first statement is true but the second statement is false. 
B)  The first statement is false but the second statement is true. 
C)  Both statements are true. 
D)  Both statements are false. 
A)  The first statement is true but the second statement is false. 
B)  The first statement is false but the second statement is true. 
C)  Both statements are true. 
D)  Both statements are false.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a recognized structural classification for neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaxonic 
B)  bipolar 
C)  multipolar 
D)  pseudopolar 
E)  unipolar 
A)  anaxonic 
B)  bipolar 
C)  multipolar 
D)  pseudopolar 
E)  unipolar

Question 14

In a(n) ________ synapse, current flows directly between cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical 
B)  cell 
C)  chemical 
D)  osmotic 
E)  gap 
A)  electrical 
B)  cell 
C)  chemical 
D)  osmotic 
E)  gap

Question 15

Figure 12-2 The Nerve Action Potential
  
Use Figure 12-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which area of the graph shows when chemically gated sodium channels are open?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  5 
E)  4 
A)  3 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  5 
E)  4

Question 16

Figure 12-1 The Neuron
  
Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions:
-What is contained inside the structure labeled "5"?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroglia 
B)  sodium ions 
C)  acetylcholinesterase 
D)  calcium ions 
E)  neurotransmitter molecules 
A)  neuroglia 
B)  sodium ions 
C)  acetylcholinesterase 
D)  calcium ions 
E)  neurotransmitter molecules

Question 17

Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  length of the axon 
B)  presence or absence of a myelin sheath 
C)  diameter of the axon 
D)  presence or absence of nodes 
E)  whether or not the impulse begins in the CNS 
A)  length of the axon 
B)  presence or absence of a myelin sheath 
C)  diameter of the axon 
D)  presence or absence of nodes 
E)  whether or not the impulse begins in the CNS

Question 18

The sum of the electrical and chemical forces acting on an ion is known as its

Accepted Answer

A)  permeability gradient. 
B)  thermodynamic difference. 
C)  electrochemical gradient. 
D)  action potential. 
E)  summation difference. 
A)  permeability gradient. 
B)  thermodynamic difference. 
C)  electrochemical gradient. 
D)  action potential. 
E)  summation difference.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

A)  support 
B)  memory 
C)  secretion of cerebrospinal fluid 
D)  maintenance of blood-brain barrier 
E)  phagocytosis 
A)  support 
B)  memory 
C)  secretion of cerebrospinal fluid 
D)  maintenance of blood-brain barrier 
E)  phagocytosis

Question 20

Adrug that blocks ATP production is introduced into an isolated axon preparation. The axon is then repeatedly stimulated, and recordings are made of the response. What effects would you expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

Initially, the recording would show norm

Exam 12: Nervous Tissue

Which of the following is the primary second messenger in G-protein coupled post-synaptic cells?

________ carry sensory information to the CNS.

Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called

Which of the following neurotransmitters are known to bind to G-protein coupled receptors?

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following except

Figure 12-1 The Neuron Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions: -The structure labeled "2" is a(n)

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

Which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that is importantinlearning and memory?

Ion channels that are always open are called ________ channels.

When a second EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potential) arrives at a single synapse before the effects of the first have disappeared, what occurs?

The most common neuron of the nervous system is the

Figure 12-1 The Neuron Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions: -The structures labeled "1" are dendrites. Their membranes contain numerous chemically-gated ion channels.

Which of the following is not a recognized structural classification for neurons?

In a(n) ________ synapse, current flows directly between cells.

Figure 12-2 The Nerve Action Potential Use Figure 12-2 to answer the following questions: -Which area of the graph shows when chemically gated sodium channels are open?

Figure 12-1 The Neuron Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions: -What is contained inside the structure labeled "5"?

Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted?

The sum of the electrical and chemical forces acting on an ion is known as its

Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?

Adrug that blocks ATP production is introduced into an isolated axon preparation. The axon is then repeatedly stimulated, and recordings are made of the response. What effects would you expect to observe?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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