Question 1

The Calvin cycle in C₃ plants occurs in ________ cells,whereas the Calvin cycle in C₄ plants occurs in the ________.

Accepted Answer

mesophyll;

Question 2

Which of the following minerals are directly involved with light absorption in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Zn 
B) Mg 
C) Fe 
D) Ca 
E) Na 
A) Zn 
B) Mg 
C) Fe 
D) Ca 
E) Na

Question 3

Bacteriochlorophyll differs from chlorophyll a and b in structure and function.Which of the following statements correctly contrasts these types of chlorophyll?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteriochlorophyll has a porphyrin ring, whereas chlorophyll does not. 
B) Chlorophyll has a phytol side chain, but bacteriochlorophyll does not. 
C) Chlorophyll has a methyl group attached to the porphyrin ring, whereas bacteriochlorophyll has a formyl group. 
D) Bacteriochlorophyll has a saturated carbon-carbon bond at one location in the porphyrin ring, whereas chlorophyll does not. 
E) both choices A and D correctly contrast these types of chlorophyll. 
A) Bacteriochlorophyll has a porphyrin ring, whereas chlorophyll does not. 
B) Chlorophyll has a phytol side chain, but bacteriochlorophyll does not. 
C) Chlorophyll has a methyl group attached to the porphyrin ring, whereas bacteriochlorophyll has a formyl group. 
D) Bacteriochlorophyll has a saturated carbon-carbon bond at one location in the porphyrin ring, whereas chlorophyll does not. 
E) both choices A and D correctly contrast these types of chlorophyll.

Question 4

3-phosphoglycerate is to C₃ plants as ________ is to C₄ plants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of 3-phosphoglycerate is to C₃ plants as ________...

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct regarding cyclic photosynthetic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A) Water molecules need to be split. 
B) Both PSI and PSII are required. 
C) Proton gradients are not formed. 
D) No exogenous electron source is required. 
E) all of the above 
A) Water molecules need to be split. 
B) Both PSI and PSII are required. 
C) Proton gradients are not formed. 
D) No exogenous electron source is required. 
E) all of the above

Question 6

The glycolate pathway is also called ________,because CO₂ is released and oxygen is consumed in a light-dependent manner.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The glycolate pathway is also called ________,because...

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: photoautotrophs
photoheterotrophs
photoreduction
anoxygenic phototrophs
oxygenic phototrophs

Accepted Answer

The Answer of use electron donors such as sulfide and is...

Question 8

Based upon the comparisons of anoxygenic and oxygenic photosythesis,the entry of oxygen into the atmosphere is most directly attributed to

Accepted Answer

A) photosystem I. 
B) the Calvin cycle. 
C) photoreactivation. 
D) photosystem II. 
E) bacteriorhodopsin. 
A) photosystem I. 
B) the Calvin cycle. 
C) photoreactivation. 
D) photosystem II. 
E) bacteriorhodopsin.

Question 9

If you needed to design an herbicide that was effective against a variety of different plants,what would you propose as a method to target individually CAM plants,C₄ plants,or a general herbicide?

Accepted Answer

The students need to realize that an eff

Question 10

Rubisco is an important enzyme in the Calvin cycle.It catalyzes the addition of carbon dioxide and water to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate,which then forms two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate.Rubisco acts as a carboxylase and is essential for carbon fixation.
a. Rubisco has an additional function.It can also function as an oxygenase.Why is this a problem for plants?
b. Rubisco has a much lower affinity for oxygen than for carbon dioxide.Why is the oxygenase activity still a problem for plants?
c. What is (are)the product(s)of the reaction when rubisco acts as an oxygenase?
d. How does the plant deal with the product of the oxygenase reaction?
e. The oxygenase activity of rubisco is particularly a problem for plants in arid environments.Can you explain why?
f. What strategies do plants in arid environments use to deal with this problem?

Accepted Answer

a. If rubisco functioned solely as an ox

Question 11

The transfer of energy from a photoexcited electron to another electron of an adjacent pigment molecule is known as

Accepted Answer

A) photoexcitation. 
B) quantum leap. 
C) photophosphorylation. 
D) resonance energy transfer. 
E) photorespiration. 
A) photoexcitation. 
B) quantum leap. 
C) photophosphorylation. 
D) resonance energy transfer. 
E) photorespiration.

Question 12

Plastoquinol transfers electrons from

Accepted Answer

A) cytochrome b₆/f complex to coenymeQ. 
B) photosystem II to photosystem I. 
C) water to photosystem II. 
D) light harvesting complex II to photosystem II. 
E) cytochrome b₆/f to plastiquinone. 
A) cytochrome b₆/f complex to coenymeQ. 
B) photosystem II to photosystem I. 
C) water to photosystem II. 
D) light harvesting complex II to photosystem II. 
E) cytochrome b₆/f to plastiquinone.

Question 13

Which of the following products cannot be used in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoglycolate 
B) NADPH 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate 
D) CO₂ 
E) ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate 
A) phosphoglycolate 
B) NADPH 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate 
D) CO₂ 
E) ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate

Question 14

All of the following are true regarding anoxygenic photosynthesis except

Accepted Answer

A) a water molecule is split. 
B) sulfide or thiosulfate can act as electron donors. 
C) absorbed light energy is typically in the near ultraviolet and far red ranges of the light spectrum. 
D) NADPH is regenerated by photoreduction. 
E) it is a light-driven oxidation-reduction process. 
A) a water molecule is split. 
B) sulfide or thiosulfate can act as electron donors. 
C) absorbed light energy is typically in the near ultraviolet and far red ranges of the light spectrum. 
D) NADPH is regenerated by photoreduction. 
E) it is a light-driven oxidation-reduction process.

Question 15

The plants referred to as C₃ and C₄ plants get this designation based on the number of carbons in the first detectable product of carbon dioxide fixation.The C₃ product is ________,whereas the C₄ product is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) glycerol; malate 
B) triose phosphate; oxaloacetate 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate; malate 
D) ribose; phosphoenolpyruvate 
E) 3-phosphoglycerate; oxaloacetate 
A) glycerol; malate 
B) triose phosphate; oxaloacetate 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate; malate 
D) ribose; phosphoenolpyruvate 
E) 3-phosphoglycerate; oxaloacetate

Question 16

________ (CAM)plants open their stomata only at night to minimize water loss.

Accepted Answer

Crassulace

Question 17

Which of the following initially traps solar energy in the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) chlorophyll 
C) triose phosphate 
D) NADP⁺ 
E) ATP 
A) water 
B) chlorophyll 
C) triose phosphate 
D) NADP⁺ 
E) ATP

Question 18

The Calvin cycle occurs in the ________ region of the chloroplast.

Accepted Answer

A) stroma 
B) grana 
C) thylakoid lumen 
D) thylakoid membrane 
E) outer membrane 
A) stroma 
B) grana 
C) thylakoid lumen 
D) thylakoid membrane 
E) outer membrane

Question 19

What is the advantage to having various types of chlorophylls and accessory pigments for the photosynthetic process?

Accepted Answer

A) It allows for a variation in color amongst plants. 
B) It allows for light in many wavelengths to be utilized for photosynthesis. 
C) It allows light to be harvested specifically in a step-wise manner. 
D) It shifts the equilibrium of photosynthesis toward the formation of products. 
E) both choices C and D 
A) It allows for a variation in color amongst plants. 
B) It allows for light in many wavelengths to be utilized for photosynthesis. 
C) It allows light to be harvested specifically in a step-wise manner. 
D) It shifts the equilibrium of photosynthesis toward the formation of products. 
E) both choices C and D

Question 20

A house plant seems to be growing slowly and lacks its normal bright green color.You call a botanist for advice.She suggests that the plant may be deficient in magnesium (Mg²⁺).Why are these symptoms associated with Mg²⁺ deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Mg²⁺ is important in the structure of many amino acids. 
B) Lack of Mg²⁺ in the soil allows pathogenic bacteria to grow. 
C) Mg²⁺ is required before NADPH can function. 
D) Mg²⁺ is an important component in chlorophyll. 
E) Cytochromes require Mg²⁺ to function properly. 
A) Mg²⁺ is important in the structure of many amino acids. 
B) Lack of Mg²⁺ in the soil allows pathogenic bacteria to grow. 
C) Mg²⁺ is required before NADPH can function. 
D) Mg²⁺ is an important component in chlorophyll. 
E) Cytochromes require Mg²⁺ to function properly.

Exam 11: Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Calvin cycle in C₃ plants occurs in ________ cells,whereas the Calvin cycle in C₄ plants occurs in the ________.

Which of the following minerals are directly involved with light absorption in photosynthesis?

Bacteriochlorophyll differs from chlorophyll a and b in structure and function.Which of the following statements correctly contrasts these types of chlorophyll?

3-phosphoglycerate is to C₃ plants as ________ is to C₄ plants.

Which of the following statements is correct regarding cyclic photosynthetic pathways?

The glycolate pathway is also called ________,because CO₂ is released and oxygen is consumed in a light-dependent manner.

Based upon the comparisons of anoxygenic and oxygenic photosythesis,the entry of oxygen into the atmosphere is most directly attributed to

If you needed to design an herbicide that was effective against a variety of different plants,what would you propose as a method to target individually CAM plants,C₄ plants,or a general herbicide?

The transfer of energy from a photoexcited electron to another electron of an adjacent pigment molecule is known as

Plastoquinol transfers electrons from

Which of the following products cannot be used in the Calvin cycle?

All of the following are true regarding anoxygenic photosynthesis except

The plants referred to as C₃ and C₄ plants get this designation based on the number of carbons in the first detectable product of carbon dioxide fixation.The C₃ product is ________,whereas the C₄ product is ________.

________ (CAM)plants open their stomata only at night to minimize water loss.

Which of the following initially traps solar energy in the process of photosynthesis?

The Calvin cycle occurs in the ________ region of the chloroplast.

What is the advantage to having various types of chlorophylls and accessory pigments for the photosynthetic process?

A house plant seems to be growing slowly and lacks its normal bright green color.You call a botanist for advice.She suggests that the plant may be deficient in magnesium (Mg²⁺).Why are these symptoms associated with Mg²⁺ deficiency?

A Preview of the Cell

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure, function, and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

The Endomembrane System and Peroxisomes

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: DNA, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

The Cell Cycle, DNA Replication, and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction, meiosis, and Genetic Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Cancer Cells

Filters

The Calvin cycle in C₃ plants occurs in cells,whereas the Calvin cycle in C₄ plants occurs in the .

The plants referred to as C₃ and C₄ plants get this designation based on the number of carbons in the first detectable product of carbon dioxide fixation.The C₃ product is ,whereas the C₄ product is .