Exam 3: The Cell

Zara has worked for 40 years at a garden center where she often potted plants.In the early days,she frequently worked with vermiculite,an asbestos-like material.Which organelles are most likely to have destabilized membranes as a result of exposure to vermiculite?

What are lysosomes,and how do they work in the cell?

The movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached can be described as ________.

If substantial lactic acid were found in a person's bloodstream,then which type of glucose breakdown is occurring?

Compare and contrast isotonic,hypotonic,and hypertonic solutions.What happens when a normal animal cell finds itself in any of the three kinds of solutions?

Why might the lungs of smokers look dirtier than those of nonsmokers,assuming all other things in their lives are similar? What organelle is involved?

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The process of splitting glucose into two molecules of pyruvate without the use of oxygen.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -A cell structure that acts as a boundary between a cell and its environment.

Suppose that a new poison has just come onto the market that will kill any organism with a nucleus.Which type of organism is most likely to survive?

The three types of microscopes used to look at cells and parts of cells are the transmitted electron microscope,scanning electron microscope,and ________.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -Cytoskeleton components that are composed of microtubules that move in a whip-like motion to propel the cell.

________ is the ingestion of large molecules and foreign substances through the phospholipid membrane.

If a liver cell were to be placed in a beaker with a solution containing the same solute concentration as that found inside the cell,we would say that the beaker contained a(n)________ solution.

If a new anesthetic were developed that entered the nerve cells efficiently,why would it be important for the substance to be lipophilic (dissolves in lipids)?

The first phase in normal cellular respiration and the only one occurring in the cytoplasm is called ________.

Which of these processes brings into the cell large macromolecules and particles by the formation of a vesicle in the outer membrane?

Which of these is most abundant in the plasma membrane?

Microfilaments are made of ________.

We know that infants gain from their mother's milk proteins called antibodies that protect them from specific germs.We also know that proteins will eventually be broken down by a person's digestive system.How is it that these antibodies can get into the breast-feeding infant's bloodstream intact? Use only the information from this chapter.

Mature red blood cells do not have a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.What is the advantage of this characteristic?