Question 1

The extra sequences of nucleotides that are excised out of the mRNA prior to leaving the nucleus are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) exons 
B) vestigial sequences 
C) tRNA 
D) introns 
A) exons 
B) vestigial sequences 
C) tRNA 
D) introns

Question 2

A new antibiotic is developed that interferes with the way tRNA fits into bacterial ribosomes.How would this kill them?

Accepted Answer

A) The bacteria would be unable to produce necessary enzymes to carry out basic metabolism. 
B) The tRNA would be unable to carry out transcription. 
C) Ribosomes will not be able to produce mRNA and cell functions will halt. 
D) tRNA would not unwind the DNA to allow DNA polymerase to copy it, thus cell division stops. 
A) The bacteria would be unable to produce necessary enzymes to carry out basic metabolism. 
B) The tRNA would be unable to carry out transcription. 
C) Ribosomes will not be able to produce mRNA and cell functions will halt. 
D) tRNA would not unwind the DNA to allow DNA polymerase to copy it, thus cell division stops.

Question 3

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The science of making a living cell perform a task considered useful by humans in a controlled way.

Accepted Answer

A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics 
A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics

Question 4

Segments of DNA that increase the rate of transcription of certain genes are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enhancers 
B) polymerases 
C) short tandem repeats 
D) introns 
A) enhancers 
B) polymerases 
C) short tandem repeats 
D) introns

Question 5

Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?

Accepted Answer

DNA is replicated in a semi-conservative

Question 6

DNA fingerprinting is now widely used to tie a particular suspect to the DNA samples found at a crime scene.What benefits can be derived from this technology in fighting crime?

Accepted Answer

A) "Persons of interest" can be excluded more rapidly as suspects so police can focus on other leads. 
B) A jailed convict can be proven to have not had a connection to evidence found at a crime scene. 
C) Solid matches can aid a District Attorney's case in proving guilt to a jury. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) "Persons of interest" can be excluded more rapidly as suspects so police can focus on other leads. 
B) A jailed convict can be proven to have not had a connection to evidence found at a crime scene. 
C) Solid matches can aid a District Attorney's case in proving guilt to a jury. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 7

Which chemical carries the DNA's instructions for synthesizing a particular protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A) transfer RNA 
B) messenger RNA 
C) RNA transcriptase 
D) ribosomal RNA 
A) transfer RNA 
B) messenger RNA 
C) RNA transcriptase 
D) ribosomal RNA

Question 8

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The process of replacing a faulty gene with healthy functional genes.

Accepted Answer

A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics 
A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics

Question 9

Why do transcription and translation take place in two different locations?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA is located in the nucleus, while the ribosomes needed for translation are not in the nucleus. 
B) DNA is located in the nucleus, while the ribosomes needed for translation are found outside the cell. 
C) DNA is located in the nucleus, while the ribosomes needed for transcription are found outside the cell. 
D) Translation takes place in the nucleus, while the DNA is located elsewhere. 
A) DNA is located in the nucleus, while the ribosomes needed for translation are not in the nucleus. 
B) DNA is located in the nucleus, while the ribosomes needed for translation are found outside the cell. 
C) DNA is located in the nucleus, while the ribosomes needed for transcription are found outside the cell. 
D) Translation takes place in the nucleus, while the DNA is located elsewhere.

Question 10

The text says that bovine somatotropin can be given to cows to boost milk production.Suppose that it would be possible to alter the genes of cows so that the animals always made excess somatotropin.What concerns do you think people might have about this procedure?

Accepted Answer

Some possible answers include: 1)The pro

Question 11

UV rays from the sun cause a specific type of improper base pairing called a thymine dimer.If a cell cannot correct this problem,the section of DNA can be removed,causing a deletion of several nucleotides.What will this cause?

Accepted Answer

A) A point mutation forms that leads to a change in one amino acid. 
B) A point mutation forms that leads to changes in a handful of amino acids. 
C) The codons shift by one letter and all the codons before the mutation are changed. 
D) The codons could shift by one letter and all the codons after that point would be off. 
A) A point mutation forms that leads to a change in one amino acid. 
B) A point mutation forms that leads to changes in a handful of amino acids. 
C) The codons shift by one letter and all the codons before the mutation are changed. 
D) The codons could shift by one letter and all the codons after that point would be off.

Question 12

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-Enzymes that link the sugars and phosphates of the newly attached nucleotides to form a new strand during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics 
A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics

Question 13

A chemical that delivers amino acids one at a time in the ordered sequence specified by the mRNA strand is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) tRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) STR 
A) DNA 
B) tRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) STR

Question 14

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The alteration of gene activity without DNA sequence change.

Accepted Answer

A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics 
A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics

Question 15

If you could not synthesize nor acquire deoxyribose in any way,you could not make the nucleic acid ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you could not synthesize nor acquire...

Question 16

The amount of DNA can be increased when primers are heated with a mix of the original small amount of DNA,DNA polymerase,and nucleotides in the process known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The amount of DNA can be increased...

Question 17

Changes in the DNA are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Changes in the DNA are called ________....

Question 18

Gene therapy is being explored as a means of permanently correcting a defective gene to cure a disease rather than to merely treat symptoms with drugs.Ideally it would be best to correct these defective genes before a baby is even born.But if it's possible to change diseased genes,what about changing genes that regulate other characteristics like height or eye color? Would it be desirable to change the genes of babies for more cosmetic purposes?

Accepted Answer

The answer to this question is largely a

Question 19

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-According to base pairing rules,adenine will only pair with this.

Accepted Answer

A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics 
A) Genome 
B) DNA polymerases 
C) Gene therapy 
D) Guanine 
E) Thymine
F)RNA polymerase
G)Codons
H)Biotechnology
I)Epigenetics

Question 20

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded; contains the sug

Exam 21: Dna and Biotechnology

The extra sequences of nucleotides that are excised out of the mRNA prior to leaving the nucleus are called ________.

A new antibiotic is developed that interferes with the way tRNA fits into bacterial ribosomes.How would this kill them?

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The science of making a living cell perform a task considered useful by humans in a controlled way.

Segments of DNA that increase the rate of transcription of certain genes are known as ________.

Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?

DNA fingerprinting is now widely used to tie a particular suspect to the DNA samples found at a crime scene.What benefits can be derived from this technology in fighting crime?

Which chemical carries the DNA's instructions for synthesizing a particular protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The process of replacing a faulty gene with healthy functional genes.

Why do transcription and translation take place in two different locations?

The text says that bovine somatotropin can be given to cows to boost milk production.Suppose that it would be possible to alter the genes of cows so that the animals always made excess somatotropin.What concerns do you think people might have about this procedure?

UV rays from the sun cause a specific type of improper base pairing called a thymine dimer.If a cell cannot correct this problem,the section of DNA can be removed,causing a deletion of several nucleotides.What will this cause?

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -Enzymes that link the sugars and phosphates of the newly attached nucleotides to form a new strand during DNA replication.

A chemical that delivers amino acids one at a time in the ordered sequence specified by the mRNA strand is called ________.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The alteration of gene activity without DNA sequence change.

If you could not synthesize nor acquire deoxyribose in any way,you could not make the nucleic acid ________.

The amount of DNA can be increased when primers are heated with a mix of the original small amount of DNA,DNA polymerase,and nucleotides in the process known as ________.

Changes in the DNA are called ________.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -According to base pairing rules,adenine will only pair with this.

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.

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