Question 1

A focus group interview:

Accepted Answer

A)  is limited to a particular topic 
B)  leads to a decision 
C)  allows each participant to hear the responses of others 
D)  is intended to generate creative ideas 
A)  is limited to a particular topic 
B)  leads to a decision 
C)  allows each participant to hear the responses of others 
D)  is intended to generate creative ideas C

Question 2

The key instrument in qualitative studies is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the observation schedule 
B)  the interviewer 
C)  the researcher 
D)  the questionnaire 
A)  the observation schedule 
B)  the interviewer 
C)  the researcher 
D)  the questionnaire C

Question 3

Matching
-Covert observer

Accepted Answer

A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable 
A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable D

Question 4

Informal interviewing is harder than structured interviewing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Feelings questions are essentially the same as option questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sampling in an observation study includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  selecting individuals 
B)  selecting contexts 
C)  selecting behaviors 
D)  all of the above 
A)  selecting individuals 
B)  selecting contexts 
C)  selecting behaviors 
D)  all of the above

Question 7

The main difference between participant and nonparticipant observation is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  participant observation is more objective 
B)  participant observation is less difficult 
C)  participant observation is more obvious 
D)  participant observation is less detached 
A)  participant observation is more objective 
B)  participant observation is less difficult 
C)  participant observation is more obvious 
D)  participant observation is less detached

Question 8

Matching
-Complete observer

Accepted Answer

A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable 
A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable

Question 9

Matching
-Participant observer

Accepted Answer

A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable 
A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable

Question 10

Establishing rapport refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  making friends with the respondent 
B)  setting the respondent at ease 
C)  developing mutually agreed-upon answers 
D)  communicating the interviewer's values 
A)  making friends with the respondent 
B)  setting the respondent at ease 
C)  developing mutually agreed-upon answers 
D)  communicating the interviewer's values

Question 11

The main limitation of the structured interview is:

Accepted Answer

A)  responses are hard to analyze 
B)  responses must fit predetermined categories 
C)  respondents often dislike this format 
D)  the training required of the interviewer 
A)  responses are hard to analyze 
B)  responses must fit predetermined categories 
C)  respondents often dislike this format 
D)  the training required of the interviewer

Question 12

A big challenge in interviewing someone is:

Accepted Answer

A)  not interrupting 
B)  establishing rapport 
C)  avoiding bias 
D)  all of the above 
A)  not interrupting 
B)  establishing rapport 
C)  avoiding bias 
D)  all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of participant observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A teacher decides to observe her students on the playground. 
B)  A researcher becomes a member of a street gang. 
C)  A researcher records student behavior in the lunchroom. 
D)  A researcher teaches an observation method to a graduate student. 
A)  A teacher decides to observe her students on the playground. 
B)  A researcher becomes a member of a street gang. 
C)  A researcher records student behavior in the lunchroom. 
D)  A researcher teaches an observation method to a graduate student.

Question 14

"Triangulation refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a method for selecting participants in a qualitative study 
B)  checking validity with multiple instruments 
C)  checking reliability with multiple forms 
D)  checking representativeness of situations 
A)  a method for selecting participants in a qualitative study 
B)  checking validity with multiple instruments 
C)  checking reliability with multiple forms 
D)  checking representativeness of situations

Question 15

"Observer effect pertains to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the impact of an observer on people's behavior 
B)  extent of observer agreement 
C)  an observer's interaction with the observed 
D)  the possibility of observer fatigue 
A)  the impact of an observer on people's behavior 
B)  extent of observer agreement 
C)  an observer's interaction with the observed 
D)  the possibility of observer fatigue

Question 16

Observer bias is unique to qualitative research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Matching
-Simulation

Accepted Answer

A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable 
A)  Acting out a real-life situation 
B)  Takes no part in activities 
C)  Changes group behavior 
D)  Ethically questionable

Question 18

A recommendation for reducing "observer effect is:

Accepted Answer

A)  be present several times before collecting data 
B)  use a second observer 
C)  tell participants what the study is about 
D)  use a structured observation schedule 
A)  be present several times before collecting data 
B)  use a second observer 
C)  tell participants what the study is about 
D)  use a structured observation schedule

Question 19

Advantages of audio and video tapings include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  improved reliability of scoring 
B)  direct recording of actual behavior 
C)  clarity of visual and auditory content 
D)  availability for re-analysis 
A)  improved reliability of scoring 
B)  direct recording of actual behavior 
C)  clarity of visual and auditory content 
D)  availability for re-analysis

Question 20

In qualitative research:

Accepted Answer

A)  reliability and validity of data are relatively unimportant 
B)  researchers structure situations to improve reliability 
C)  reliability and validity are largely a matter of judgment 
D)  statistical indexes are common 
A)  reliability and validity of data are relatively unimportant 
B)  researchers structure situations to improve reliability 
C)  reliability and validity are largely a matter of judgment 
D)  statistical indexes are common

Exam 19: Observation and Interviewing

A focus group interview:

The key instrument in qualitative studies is:

Matching -Covert observer

Informal interviewing is harder than structured interviewing.

Feelings questions are essentially the same as option questions.

Sampling in an observation study includes:

The main difference between participant and nonparticipant observation is that:

Matching -Complete observer

Matching -Participant observer

Establishing rapport refers to:

The main limitation of the structured interview is:

A big challenge in interviewing someone is:

Which of the following is an example of participant observation?

"Triangulation refers to:

"Observer effect pertains to:

Observer bias is unique to qualitative research.

Matching -Simulation

A recommendation for reducing "observer effect is:

Advantages of audio and video tapings include all of the following except:

In qualitative research:

The Nature of Research

The Research Problem

Locating and Reviewing the Literature

Ethics and Research

Variables and Hypotheses

Sampling

Instrumentation

Validity and Reliability

Internal Validity

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Statistics in Perspective

Experimental Research

Single-Subject Research

Correlational Research

Causal-Comparative Research

Survey Research

The Nature of Qualitative Research

Content Analysis

Ethnographic Research

Historical Research

Mixed-Methods Research

Action Research

Preparing Research Proposals and Reports

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