Question 1

Transporting salt without water involves

Accepted Answer

A)  a Na+-activated Cl- channel. 
B)  Na+ build up inside the cell. 
C)  Na+/K+ ATPase. 
D)  a Cl--activated Na+ channel. 
E)  a NaCl channel. 
A)  a Na+-activated Cl- channel. 
B)  Na+ build up inside the cell. 
C)  Na+/K+ ATPase. 
D)  a Cl--activated Na+ channel. 
E)  a NaCl channel.

Question 2

Describe the effects of the myogenic and tubuloglomular feedback mechanisms on the autoregulation of the GFR.

Accepted Answer

The myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedba

Question 3

According to fluid dynamics, glomerular filtration is similar to ultrafiltration in other capillaries with the exception that

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration occurs throughout the length of the capillaries due to the forces acting on the glomerular membrane. 
B)  glomerular capillaries have high permeability. 
C)  in other systems reabsorption only occurs towards the ends of the capillaries. 
D)  higher capillary permeability ensures higher filtration at any pressure in the capillaries. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  filtration occurs throughout the length of the capillaries due to the forces acting on the glomerular membrane. 
B)  glomerular capillaries have high permeability. 
C)  in other systems reabsorption only occurs towards the ends of the capillaries. 
D)  higher capillary permeability ensures higher filtration at any pressure in the capillaries. 
E)  all of these.

Question 4

Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole causes

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. 
B)  an increase in the blood flow to the glomerulus. 
C)  an increase in the net filtration pressure. 
D)  an increase in the glomerular filtration rate. 
A)  a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. 
B)  an increase in the blood flow to the glomerulus. 
C)  an increase in the net filtration pressure. 
D)  an increase in the glomerular filtration rate.

Question 5

At a typical filtration pressure of 10 mmHg, the average individual filters about ____ of the plasma that enters the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  15% 
C)  20% 
D)  25% 
E)  30% delete line-> 
A)  10% 
B)  15% 
C)  20% 
D)  25% 
E)  30% delete line->

Question 6

The filtration coefficient (Kf)

Accepted Answer

A)  is affected by the contractile activity of the filtration membrane. 
B)  is affected by the amount of K+ in the filtrate.. 
C)  is inversely related to GFR which means when Kf decreases the GFR increases. 
D)  is regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  is affected by the contractile activity of the filtration membrane. 
B)  is affected by the amount of K+ in the filtrate.. 
C)  is inversely related to GFR which means when Kf decreases the GFR increases. 
D)  is regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. 
E)  all of these.

Question 7

In marine bony fish the kidneys play a minor role in correcting Na+ imbalances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The term transport maximum, Tm, refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the maximum amount of a substance that the tubular cells can transport within a given period. 
B)  the maximum amount of a substance that flows through the peritubular capillary within a given period. 
C)  the maximum rate of diffusion of sodium through the glomerular membrane. 
D)  the maximum amount of filtrate that can be produced in the presence of aquaporins. 
A)  the maximum amount of a substance that the tubular cells can transport within a given period. 
B)  the maximum amount of a substance that flows through the peritubular capillary within a given period. 
C)  the maximum rate of diffusion of sodium through the glomerular membrane. 
D)  the maximum amount of filtrate that can be produced in the presence of aquaporins.

Question 9

Tubular secretion of potassium

Accepted Answer

A)  is controlled by the distal portions of the nephron. 
B)  occurs through the sodium potassium pump. 
C)  is minimized due to reabsorption in the proximal tubule. 
D)  involves passive diffusion from the tubular cell to the lumen. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  is controlled by the distal portions of the nephron. 
B)  occurs through the sodium potassium pump. 
C)  is minimized due to reabsorption in the proximal tubule. 
D)  involves passive diffusion from the tubular cell to the lumen. 
E)  all of these.

Question 10

Urate is the soluble form of uric acid in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Metanephridia

Accepted Answer

A)  NH4+ excretion via gills 
B)  Use uricolytic pathway 
C)  Uric acid excretors 
D)  Filtration driven by cilia 
E)  Filtration driven by fluid pressure
F) Filtration driven by ion secretion
G) Flow detectors
H) Vasoconstrictor
I) Vasodialator
J) ADH 
A)  NH4+ excretion via gills 
B)  Use uricolytic pathway 
C)  Uric acid excretors 
D)  Filtration driven by cilia 
E)  Filtration driven by fluid pressure
F) Filtration driven by ion secretion
G) Flow detectors
H) Vasoconstrictor
I) Vasodialator
J) ADH

Question 12

A weak osmoconcentrator will have

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily juxtamedullary nephrons. 
B)  a large medulla. 
C)  primarily cortical nephrons. 
D)  a small body size. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  primarily juxtamedullary nephrons. 
B)  a large medulla. 
C)  primarily cortical nephrons. 
D)  a small body size. 
E)  none of these.

Question 13

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Protonephridia

Accepted Answer

A)  NH4+ excretion via gills 
B)  Use uricolytic pathway 
C)  Uric acid excretors 
D)  Filtration driven by cilia 
E)  Filtration driven by fluid pressure
F) Filtration driven by ion secretion
G) Flow detectors
H) Vasoconstrictor
I) Vasodialator
J) ADH 
A)  NH4+ excretion via gills 
B)  Use uricolytic pathway 
C)  Uric acid excretors 
D)  Filtration driven by cilia 
E)  Filtration driven by fluid pressure
F) Filtration driven by ion secretion
G) Flow detectors
H) Vasoconstrictor
I) Vasodialator
J) ADH

Question 14

In mosquitoes, natriuretic pepetide selectively decreases Na+ secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Endothelin

Accepted Answer

A)  NH4+ excretion via gills 
B)  Use uricolytic pathway 
C)  Uric acid excretors 
D)  Filtration driven by cilia 
E)  Filtration driven by fluid pressure
F) Filtration driven by ion secretion
G) Flow detectors
H) Vasoconstrictor
I) Vasodialator
J) ADH 
A)  NH4+ excretion via gills 
B)  Use uricolytic pathway 
C)  Uric acid excretors 
D)  Filtration driven by cilia 
E)  Filtration driven by fluid pressure
F) Filtration driven by ion secretion
G) Flow detectors
H) Vasoconstrictor
I) Vasodialator
J) ADH

Question 16

As sodium is reabsorbed actively, which of the following is absorbed passively?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ 
B)  PO43- 
C)  Cl- 
D)  Na+ 
E)  K+ 
A)  Ca2+ 
B)  PO43- 
C)  Cl- 
D)  Na+ 
E)  K+

Question 17

The glomerular filtration coefficient does NOT account for

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular membrane permeability. 
B)  net filtration pressure. 
C)  glomerular surface area. 
A)  glomerular membrane permeability. 
B)  net filtration pressure. 
C)  glomerular surface area.

Question 18

Many Antarctic fish

Accepted Answer

A)  are aglomerular 
B)  do not use ultrafiltration to produce urine. 
C)  begin urine formaqtion in the distal tubule. 
D)  all of these. 
E)  two of these. 
A)  are aglomerular 
B)  do not use ultrafiltration to produce urine. 
C)  begin urine formaqtion in the distal tubule. 
D)  all of these. 
E)  two of these.

Question 19

Malpighian tubules are part of the ______ excretory system.

Accepted Answer

A)  avian 
B)  mammalian 
C)  arthropod 
D)  reptilian 
E)  amphibian 
A)  avian 
B)  mammalian 
C)  arthropod 
D)  reptilian 
E)  amphibian

Transporting salt without water involves

Describe the effects of the myogenic and tubuloglomular feedback mechanisms on the autoregulation of the GFR.

According to fluid dynamics, glomerular filtration is similar to ultrafiltration in other capillaries with the exception that

Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole causes

At a typical filtration pressure of 10 mmHg, the average individual filters about ____ of the plasma that enters the glomerulus.

The filtration coefficient (Kf)

In marine bony fish the kidneys play a minor role in correcting Na+ imbalances.

The term transport maximum, T_m, refers to

Tubular secretion of potassium

Urate is the soluble form of uric acid in the blood.

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Metanephridia

A weak osmoconcentrator will have

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Protonephridia

In mosquitoes, natriuretic pepetide selectively decreases Na⁺secretion.

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Endothelin

As sodium is reabsorbed actively, which of the following is absorbed passively?

The glomerular filtration coefficient does NOT account for

Many Antarctic fish

Malpighian tubules are part of the ______ excretory system.

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Systems

Filters

Exam 12: Excretory Systems

Transporting salt without water involves

Describe the effects of the myogenic and tubuloglomular feedback mechanisms on the autoregulation of the GFR.

According to fluid dynamics, glomerular filtration is similar to ultrafiltration in other capillaries with the exception that

Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole causes

At a typical filtration pressure of 10 mmHg, the average individual filters about ____ of the plasma that enters the glomerulus.

The filtration coefficient (Kf)

In marine bony fish the kidneys play a minor role in correcting Na+ imbalances.

The term transport maximum, Tm, refers to

Tubular secretion of potassium

Urate is the soluble form of uric acid in the blood.

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Metanephridia

A weak osmoconcentrator will have

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Protonephridia

In mosquitoes, natriuretic pepetide selectively decreases Na+ secretion.

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Endothelin

As sodium is reabsorbed actively, which of the following is absorbed passively?

The glomerular filtration coefficient does NOT account for

Many Antarctic fish

Malpighian tubules are part of the ______ excretory system.

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Systems

Filters

The term transport maximum, T_m, refers to

In mosquitoes, natriuretic pepetide selectively decreases Na⁺secretion.