Question 1

Adipocytes secrete messengers called adipokines one of which is adiponectin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Fever

Accepted Answer

A)  is a hypothalamic response to pyrogens released by white blood cells. 
B)  is a pathological response to combat infections. 
C)  is a poorly understood mechanism to fight disease. 
D)  two of these. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  is a hypothalamic response to pyrogens released by white blood cells. 
B)  is a pathological response to combat infections. 
C)  is a poorly understood mechanism to fight disease. 
D)  two of these. 
E)  all of these. D

Question 3

Minimal metabolic rate is measured

Accepted Answer

A)  at the optimal temperature for the organism. 
B)  during sleep. 
C)  with diet-induced thermogenesis subtracted from the final value. 
D)  two of these. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  at the optimal temperature for the organism. 
B)  during sleep. 
C)  with diet-induced thermogenesis subtracted from the final value. 
D)  two of these. 
E)  all of these. A

Question 4

Which of the following statements about energy is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy is subject to an input-output balance similar to that for water. 
B)  An example of internal work is the energy expended by muscles to lift a heavy object. 
C)  Almost 75% of nutrient energy is lost as heat and not used to do work. 
D)  Energy is normally expressed in terms of heat energy. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  Energy is subject to an input-output balance similar to that for water. 
B)  An example of internal work is the energy expended by muscles to lift a heavy object. 
C)  Almost 75% of nutrient energy is lost as heat and not used to do work. 
D)  Energy is normally expressed in terms of heat energy. 
E)  none of these.

Question 5

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Leptin

Accepted Answer

A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals 
A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals

Question 6

Peeper frogs freeze during the winter. As they begin to freeze, their livers break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood, which can then be taken up into cells. This provides a benefit to the frog in that

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma glucose acts as a cryoprotectant by lowering the freezing point of the extracellular fluid. 
B)  cellular glucose acts as a cryoprotectant by lowering the freezing point of the intracellular fluid. 
C)  cellular glucose is readily available for glycolysis once the frog thaws. 
D)  all of these. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  plasma glucose acts as a cryoprotectant by lowering the freezing point of the extracellular fluid. 
B)  cellular glucose acts as a cryoprotectant by lowering the freezing point of the intracellular fluid. 
C)  cellular glucose is readily available for glycolysis once the frog thaws. 
D)  all of these. 
E)  none of these.

Question 7

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Poikilotherm

Accepted Answer

A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals 
A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals

Question 8

BMR

Accepted Answer

A)  is regulated by thyroid hormones. 
B)  is affected by bile acids. 
C)  is affected by the amount of fat in the diet. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  is regulated by thyroid hormones. 
B)  is affected by bile acids. 
C)  is affected by the amount of fat in the diet. 
D)  all of these.

Question 9

Metabolic scope measurements

Accepted Answer

A)  are measured during periods of aerobic activity. 
B)  involve the use of treadmills. 
C)  are an indicator of an animal's activity capacity. 
D)  are the ratio of metabolic rate to SMR. 
E)  two of these. 
A)  are measured during periods of aerobic activity. 
B)  involve the use of treadmills. 
C)  are an indicator of an animal's activity capacity. 
D)  are the ratio of metabolic rate to SMR. 
E)  two of these.

Question 10

The "animal energy equation" for endotherms states that Einput-Eloss= EBMR+Eproduction+Eactivity+EDIT.
 In this equation, Eloss refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  thermal energy given off as a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics. 
B)  thermal energy given off as a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. 
C)  thermal energy given off as a consequence of dietary intake. 
D)  potential energy given off in the form of undigested foodstuffs (feces), sloughed skin, hair or other body products. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  thermal energy given off as a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics. 
B)  thermal energy given off as a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. 
C)  thermal energy given off as a consequence of dietary intake. 
D)  potential energy given off in the form of undigested foodstuffs (feces), sloughed skin, hair or other body products. 
E)  none of these.

Question 11

Diet-induced thermogenesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is the generation of heat to compensate for sudden weight loss associated with dieting. 
B)  is an increase in metabolic rate due to the energy expenditures associated with feeding and digestion. 
C)  is the generation of heat associated with "fat-burning" diets. 
D)  offsets the energy expenditures associated with SMR and BMR. 
E)  involves both internal and external work. 
A)  is the generation of heat to compensate for sudden weight loss associated with dieting. 
B)  is an increase in metabolic rate due to the energy expenditures associated with feeding and digestion. 
C)  is the generation of heat associated with "fat-burning" diets. 
D)  offsets the energy expenditures associated with SMR and BMR. 
E)  involves both internal and external work.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some ectotherms can regulate their body temperature as efficiently as a mammal. 
B)  Ectothermic regulators may also be poikilotherms. 
C)  Endotherms gain all their heat from internal, biochemical reactions. 
D)  Some poikilotherms are homeotherms. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  Some ectotherms can regulate their body temperature as efficiently as a mammal. 
B)  Ectothermic regulators may also be poikilotherms. 
C)  Endotherms gain all their heat from internal, biochemical reactions. 
D)  Some poikilotherms are homeotherms. 
E)  None of these.

Question 13

Small desert mammals are often osmotically stressed in addition to being heat stressed; therefore they will want to

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling and instead employ heat storage mechanisms to deal with heat stress. 
B)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling and instead burrow to seek cooler microclimates. 
C)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling and instead restrict their activity to night when ambient temperatures are cooler. 
D)  avoid heat loss by entering into extended periods of sleep and inactivity during the summer (estivation) which is similar to hibernation by some animals in the winter. 
E)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling by burrowing and restricting activity to times with cooler temperatures. 
A)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling and instead employ heat storage mechanisms to deal with heat stress. 
B)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling and instead burrow to seek cooler microclimates. 
C)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling and instead restrict their activity to night when ambient temperatures are cooler. 
D)  avoid heat loss by entering into extended periods of sleep and inactivity during the summer (estivation) which is similar to hibernation by some animals in the winter. 
E)  avoid heat loss by evaporative cooling by burrowing and restricting activity to times with cooler temperatures.

Question 14

If a reduction of body mass is one's goal, then the factor in the animal energy equation one would most like to ________ is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease; EBMR 
B)  decrease; Eloss 
C)  decrease; Eproduction 
D)  increase; Eproduction 
E)  increase; Einput 
A)  decrease; EBMR 
B)  decrease; Eloss 
C)  decrease; Eproduction 
D)  increase; Eproduction 
E)  increase; Einput

Question 15

Which of the following is not correctly paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical energy in ATP and kinetic energy of locomotion 
B)  standard metabolic rate and resting metabolic rate 
C)  basal metabolic rate and thermal neutral zone 
D)  field metabolic rate and average metabolic expenditure over time 
E)  endotherms and amphibians 
A)  chemical energy in ATP and kinetic energy of locomotion 
B)  standard metabolic rate and resting metabolic rate 
C)  basal metabolic rate and thermal neutral zone 
D)  field metabolic rate and average metabolic expenditure over time 
E)  endotherms and amphibians

Question 16

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Heat acquisition

Accepted Answer

A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals 
A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals

Question 17

There are times during thermoregulation when animals need to generate. Compare an contrast shivering and other muscle activity with nonshivering (chemical) thermogenesis as a means of generating body heat.

Accepted Answer

During thermoregulation, animals may nee

Question 18

Ghrelin and obestatin

Accepted Answer

A)  are secreted by the digestive tract. 
B)  arise from the same gene. 
C)  arise from the same protein. 
D)  are secreted by the digestive tract and arise from the same gene. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  are secreted by the digestive tract. 
B)  arise from the same gene. 
C)  arise from the same protein. 
D)  are secreted by the digestive tract and arise from the same gene. 
E)  all of these.

Question 19

The fact that large animals typically have lower basal metabolic rates than smaller animals can be explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  their larger size which means they have more surface area for absorbing radiant energy, so they require less metabolic energy to stay warm. 
B)  their larger size which makes them less susceptible to predation, so they don't have to use energy to escape from predators. 
C)  their greater weight which makes them less inclined to move, so they expend less energy in locomotion. 
D)  their lower surface to volume ratio which means they lose a lesser percentage of their energy to the environment. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  their larger size which means they have more surface area for absorbing radiant energy, so they require less metabolic energy to stay warm. 
B)  their larger size which makes them less susceptible to predation, so they don't have to use energy to escape from predators. 
C)  their greater weight which makes them less inclined to move, so they expend less energy in locomotion. 
D)  their lower surface to volume ratio which means they lose a lesser percentage of their energy to the environment. 
E)  none of these.

Question 20

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Ghrelin

Accepted Answer

A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals 
A)  hibernation 
B)  stomach 
C)  feathers 
D)  dark surface 
E)  variable body temperature
F) constant body temperature
G) high thermal conductivity
H) low thermal conductivity
I) heat exchange
J) endothermic animals

Adipocytes secrete messengers called adipokines one of which is adiponectin.

Fever

Minimal metabolic rate is measured

Which of the following statements about energy is NOT correct?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Leptin

Peeper frogs freeze during the winter. As they begin to freeze, their livers break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood, which can then be taken up into cells. This provides a benefit to the frog in that

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Poikilotherm

BMR

Metabolic scope measurements

The "animal energy equation" for endotherms states that E_input-E_loss= E_BMR+E_production+E_activity+E_DIT. In this equation, E_loss refers to

Diet-induced thermogenesis

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Small desert mammals are often osmotically stressed in addition to being heat stressed; therefore they will want to

If a reduction of body mass is one's goal, then the factor in the animal energy equation one would most like to is .

Which of the following is not correctly paired?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Heat acquisition

There are times during thermoregulation when animals need to generate. Compare an contrast shivering and other muscle activity with nonshivering (chemical) thermogenesis as a means of generating body heat.

Ghrelin and obestatin

The fact that large animals typically have lower basal metabolic rates than smaller animals can be explained by

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Ghrelin

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Reproductive Systems

Filters

Exam 15: Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

Adipocytes secrete messengers called adipokines one of which is adiponectin.

Fever

Minimal metabolic rate is measured

Which of the following statements about energy is NOT correct?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Leptin

Peeper frogs freeze during the winter. As they begin to freeze, their livers break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood, which can then be taken up into cells. This provides a benefit to the frog in that

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Poikilotherm

BMR

Metabolic scope measurements

The "animal energy equation" for endotherms states that Einput-Eloss= EBMR+Eproduction+Eactivity+EDIT. In this equation, Eloss refers to

Diet-induced thermogenesis

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Small desert mammals are often osmotically stressed in addition to being heat stressed; therefore they will want to

If a reduction of body mass is one's goal, then the factor in the animal energy equation one would most like to ________ is ________.

Which of the following is not correctly paired?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Heat acquisition

There are times during thermoregulation when animals need to generate. Compare an contrast shivering and other muscle activity with nonshivering (chemical) thermogenesis as a means of generating body heat.

Ghrelin and obestatin

The fact that large animals typically have lower basal metabolic rates than smaller animals can be explained by

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Ghrelin

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Reproductive Systems

Filters

The "animal energy equation" for endotherms states that E_input-E_loss= E_BMR+E_production+E_activity+E_DIT. In this equation, E_loss refers to

If a reduction of body mass is one's goal, then the factor in the animal energy equation one would most like to is .