Question 1

A k-selected species

Accepted Answer

A)  produces a large number of young. 
B)  provides minimal nourishment to its offspring. 
C)  has low offspring survival. 
D)  demonstrates high parental involvement. 
A)  produces a large number of young. 
B)  provides minimal nourishment to its offspring. 
C)  has low offspring survival. 
D)  demonstrates high parental involvement. D

Question 2

A subnormal luteal phase is defined by low secretion of estrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Sex determination is not the same for all organisms. Discuss sex determination in birds,
 nonavian reptiles, urodele amphibians, and insects.

Accepted Answer

Sex determination in different organisms varies greatly, and is not the same for all species. Let's discuss sex determination in birds, nonavian reptiles, urodele amphibians, and insects.

In birds, sex determination is chromosomal, with females having a ZW chromosome system and males having a ZZ chromosome system. This is the opposite of the XY system found in mammals. The presence of two different sex chromosomes (ZW) in females and two of the same sex chromosomes (ZZ) in males determines their sex.

In nonavian reptiles, sex determination can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Some species have temperature-dependent sex determination, where the temperature at which the eggs are incubated determines the sex of the offspring. In other species, sex is determined by genetic factors, similar to birds and mammals.

Urodele amphibians, such as salamanders and newts, also exhibit a variety of sex determination mechanisms. Some species have genetic sex determination, while others have environmental sex determination, where factors such as temperature or social cues influence the sex of the offspring.

In insects, sex determination can be influenced by a variety of factors, including genetic, environmental, and social cues. Some insects have genetic sex determination, while others have environmental sex determination, similar to reptiles and amphibians. In some species, the presence of certain hormones or pheromones can also influence sex determination.

In conclusion, sex determination varies greatly among different organisms, and can be influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors. Understanding the mechanisms of sex determination in different species is important for understanding their biology and evolution.

Question 4

Which of the following hormones passes the blood brain barrier and is converted to estradiol?

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone 
B)  androgen 
C)  aromatase 
D)  estrogen 
A)  testosterone 
B)  androgen 
C)  aromatase 
D)  estrogen

Question 5

The first meiotic division of the primary oocyte is completed

Accepted Answer

A)  after fertilization. 
B)  before ovulation. 
C)  after ovulation. 
D)  in the fallopian tube. 
E)  in the uterus. 
A)  after fertilization. 
B)  before ovulation. 
C)  after ovulation. 
D)  in the fallopian tube. 
E)  in the uterus.

Question 6

The regulation of testosterone production is a result of LH acting on

Accepted Answer

A)  Sertoli cells. 
B)  androgen binding protein. 
C)  follicular cells. 
D)  Leydig cells. 
E)  the hypothalamus. 
A)  Sertoli cells. 
B)  androgen binding protein. 
C)  follicular cells. 
D)  Leydig cells. 
E)  the hypothalamus.

Question 7

Which organ stores sperm in insect reproductive systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  ovariole 
B)  ovipositor 
C)  spermatophore 
D)  germarium 
E)  spermatheca 
A)  ovariole 
B)  ovipositor 
C)  spermatophore 
D)  germarium 
E)  spermatheca

Question 8

The copulatory plug

Accepted Answer

A)  can be found in certain insects. 
B)  prevents semen from escaping from the female reproductive tract. 
C)  lasts until the offspring are born. 
D)  can be found in certain insects and prevents semen from escaping the female reproductive tract. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  can be found in certain insects. 
B)  prevents semen from escaping from the female reproductive tract. 
C)  lasts until the offspring are born. 
D)  can be found in certain insects and prevents semen from escaping the female reproductive tract. 
E)  all of these.

Question 9

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Ovoviviparity

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulated changes 
B)  Egg laying 
C)  Eggs within body 
D)  Live birth, no egg 
E)  Reproductive quiescence
F) Development without fertilization
G) Male becomes female
H) Female becomes male
I) Infertile
J) Follicle degeneration 
A)  Regulated changes 
B)  Egg laying 
C)  Eggs within body 
D)  Live birth, no egg 
E)  Reproductive quiescence
F) Development without fertilization
G) Male becomes female
H) Female becomes male
I) Infertile
J) Follicle degeneration

Question 10

The estrous cycle

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs in mammals. 
B)  is also referred to as an animal in heat. 
C)  refers to the events that occur in the ovary leading up to and including ovulation. 
D)  lasts about 28 days. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  occurs in mammals. 
B)  is also referred to as an animal in heat. 
C)  refers to the events that occur in the ovary leading up to and including ovulation. 
D)  lasts about 28 days. 
E)  none of these.

Question 11

The release of estrogen affects the endometrium by

Accepted Answer

A)  loosening the endometrial connective tissue which favors implantation. 
B)  preventing the initiation of the menstrual cycle. 
C)  inducing the production of progesterone receptors. 
D)  inducing growth of endometrial blood vessels. 
E)  inducing the endometrial glands to secrete glycogen for fetal development. 
A)  loosening the endometrial connective tissue which favors implantation. 
B)  preventing the initiation of the menstrual cycle. 
C)  inducing the production of progesterone receptors. 
D)  inducing growth of endometrial blood vessels. 
E)  inducing the endometrial glands to secrete glycogen for fetal development.

Question 12

Which of the following is a type of environmental estrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  EDCs 
B)  androgen 
C)  phsytoestrogen 
D)  EDCs and androgen 
E)  EDCs and phystoestrogen 
A)  EDCs 
B)  androgen 
C)  phsytoestrogen 
D)  EDCs and androgen 
E)  EDCs and phystoestrogen

Question 13

P450 aromatase is responsible for feminization of the hypothalamus so that a female
 pattern of hormone secretion occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is ovoviviparous?

Accepted Answer

A)  some sharks 
B)  all birds 
C)  guppies 
D)  rattlesnakes 
E)  all of these 
A)  some sharks 
B)  all birds 
C)  guppies 
D)  rattlesnakes 
E)  all of these

Question 15

Which of the following is not a secondary sexual characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  colored feathers 
B)  body configuration 
C)  sexual weaponry 
D)  hair distribution 
E)  sensory sensilla 
A)  colored feathers 
B)  body configuration 
C)  sexual weaponry 
D)  hair distribution 
E)  sensory sensilla

Question 16

Primary oocytes are

Accepted Answer

A)  haploid. 
B)  diploid. 
C)  anovulatory. 
D)  released from the primary follicle. 
A)  haploid. 
B)  diploid. 
C)  anovulatory. 
D)  released from the primary follicle.

Question 17

Tonic LH secretion is reduced to low frequency by increasing concentrations of FSH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Juvenille hormone (JH)

Accepted Answer

A)  is involved in oogenesis. 
B)  is involved in vitellogenesis. 
C)  is involved in oogenesis and vitellogenesis. 
D)  is not involved in either of these. 
A)  is involved in oogenesis. 
B)  is involved in vitellogenesis. 
C)  is involved in oogenesis and vitellogenesis. 
D)  is not involved in either of these.

Question 19

Which of the following secrete an alkaline fluid that increases sperm viability?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostate gland 
B)  vesicular glands 
C)  bulbourethral glands 
D)  seminal vesicles 
A)  prostate gland 
B)  vesicular glands 
C)  bulbourethral glands 
D)  seminal vesicles

Question 20

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Freemartin

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulated changes 
B)  Egg laying 
C)  Eggs within body 
D)  Live birth, no egg 
E)  Reproductive quiescence
F) Development without fertilization
G) Male becomes female
H) Female becomes male
I) Infertile
J) Follicle degeneration 
A)  Regulated changes 
B)  Egg laying 
C)  Eggs within body 
D)  Live birth, no egg 
E)  Reproductive quiescence
F) Development without fertilization
G) Male becomes female
H) Female becomes male
I) Infertile
J) Follicle degeneration

A k-selected species

A subnormal luteal phase is defined by low secretion of estrogen.

Sex determination is not the same for all organisms. Discuss sex determination in birds, nonavian reptiles, urodele amphibians, and insects.

Which of the following hormones passes the blood brain barrier and is converted to estradiol?

The first meiotic division of the primary oocyte is completed

The regulation of testosterone production is a result of LH acting on

Which organ stores sperm in insect reproductive systems?

The copulatory plug

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Ovoviviparity

The estrous cycle

The release of estrogen affects the endometrium by

Which of the following is a type of environmental estrogen?

P450 aromatase is responsible for feminization of the hypothalamus so that a female pattern of hormone secretion occurs.

Which of the following is ovoviviparous?

Which of the following is not a secondary sexual characteristic?

Primary oocytes are

Tonic LH secretion is reduced to low frequency by increasing concentrations of FSH.

Juvenille hormone (JH)

Which of the following secrete an alkaline fluid that increases sperm viability?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Freemartin

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

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Exam 16: Reproductive Systems

A k-selected species

A subnormal luteal phase is defined by low secretion of estrogen.

Sex determination is not the same for all organisms. Discuss sex determination in birds, nonavian reptiles, urodele amphibians, and insects.

Which of the following hormones passes the blood brain barrier and is converted to estradiol?

The first meiotic division of the primary oocyte is completed

The regulation of testosterone production is a result of LH acting on

Which organ stores sperm in insect reproductive systems?

The copulatory plug

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Ovoviviparity

The estrous cycle

The release of estrogen affects the endometrium by

Which of the following is a type of environmental estrogen?

P450 aromatase is responsible for feminization of the hypothalamus so that a female pattern of hormone secretion occurs.

Which of the following is ovoviviparous?

Which of the following is not a secondary sexual characteristic?

Primary oocytes are

Tonic LH secretion is reduced to low frequency by increasing concentrations of FSH.

Juvenille hormone (JH)

Which of the following secrete an alkaline fluid that increases sperm viability?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Freemartin

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

Filters