Question 1

Describe and discuss how lateral inhibition would be involved in the localization of pain to an ingrown toenail on lateral side of your left big toe.

Accepted Answer

Lateral inhibition is a process in which

Question 2

The detection of physical forces in the environment is most likely the most ancient of the	senses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The pitch of a sound is determined by the ________ of vibrations, and in that respect is most similar to the ________ of light.

Accepted Answer

A)  amplitude; brightness 
B)  amplitude; wavelength 
C)  frequency; brightness 
D)  frequency; wavelength 
A)  amplitude; brightness 
B)  amplitude; wavelength 
C)  frequency; brightness 
D)  frequency; wavelength

Question 4

Which of the following statements about light detection is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Light detection is synonymous with vision. 
B)  Light detection is always initiated in a rod or cone photoreceptor, though these need not be located in an eye. 
C)  Even in its most primitive form, light detection evolved in structures dedicated to this purpose. 
D)  Light detection evolved numerous times in a variety of structures. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  Light detection is synonymous with vision. 
B)  Light detection is always initiated in a rod or cone photoreceptor, though these need not be located in an eye. 
C)  Even in its most primitive form, light detection evolved in structures dedicated to this purpose. 
D)  Light detection evolved numerous times in a variety of structures. 
E)  None of these.

Question 5

The cyclic nucleotide whose modulation is most closely associated with phototransduction in vertebrates is

Accepted Answer

A)  cGMP. 
B)  cCMP. 
C)  cAMP. 
D)  cTMP. 
E)  5'-GMP. 
A)  cGMP. 
B)  cCMP. 
C)  cAMP. 
D)  cTMP. 
E)  5'-GMP.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about eyespots is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eyespots contain photoreceptor cells. 
B)  Eyespots are found in planarians and cnidarians. 
C)  Eyespots contain pigments that assure only light coming from a particular direction is absorbed. 
D)  Eyespots form an image perceived by the animal's ganglion. 
E)  Eyespots have a large visual field to which they respond. 
A)  Eyespots contain photoreceptor cells. 
B)  Eyespots are found in planarians and cnidarians. 
C)  Eyespots contain pigments that assure only light coming from a particular direction is absorbed. 
D)  Eyespots form an image perceived by the animal's ganglion. 
E)  Eyespots have a large visual field to which they respond.

Question 7

The pitch of a sound is perceived in part due to frequency matching in the action potentials of the ________, and in part due to spatial (tonotopic) mapping of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hair cells; basilar membrane 
B)  hair cells; vestibular membrane 
C)  auditory neurons; basilar membrane 
D)  auditory neurons; vestibular membrane 
E)  auditory neurons; tympanic membrane 
A)  hair cells; basilar membrane 
B)  hair cells; vestibular membrane 
C)  auditory neurons; basilar membrane 
D)  auditory neurons; vestibular membrane 
E)  auditory neurons; tympanic membrane

Question 8

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Amoeba is capable of responding to light. 
B)  The surface of rhabdomeric photoreceptors consists of parallel microvilli. 
C)  Due to the size of their visual field, pinhole eyes do not form images. 
D)  Recognition of predator-prey movement requires a visual system that permits the formation of an image. 
E)  Butterflies sense light with their genitalia. 
A)  The Amoeba is capable of responding to light. 
B)  The surface of rhabdomeric photoreceptors consists of parallel microvilli. 
C)  Due to the size of their visual field, pinhole eyes do not form images. 
D)  Recognition of predator-prey movement requires a visual system that permits the formation of an image. 
E)  Butterflies sense light with their genitalia.

Question 9

Which receptor for vibrations and pressure is found in birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pacinian corpuscle 
B)  Herbst corpuscle 
C)  Avian corpuscle 
D)  tactile disc 
E)  none of these. 
A)  Pacinian corpuscle 
B)  Herbst corpuscle 
C)  Avian corpuscle 
D)  tactile disc 
E)  none of these.

Question 10

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Thermally gated channels

Accepted Answer

A)  Afferent neuron 
B)  Touch 
C)  Taste 
D)  Paramecium 
E)  Electric fields 
F) Magnetic fields
G) Slowly adapting
H) Adequate stimulus
I) Receptor density
J) Compound eye 
A)  Afferent neuron 
B)  Touch 
C)  Taste 
D)  Paramecium 
E)  Electric fields 
F) Magnetic fields
G) Slowly adapting
H) Adequate stimulus
I) Receptor density
J) Compound eye

Question 11

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Chemoreceptor

Accepted Answer

A)  Afferent neuron 
B)  Touch 
C)  Taste 
D)  Paramecium 
E)  Electric fields 
F) Magnetic fields
G) Slowly adapting
H) Adequate stimulus
I) Receptor density
J) Compound eye 
A)  Afferent neuron 
B)  Touch 
C)  Taste 
D)  Paramecium 
E)  Electric fields 
F) Magnetic fields
G) Slowly adapting
H) Adequate stimulus
I) Receptor density
J) Compound eye

Question 12

Which of the following strategies do animals use to help protect the retina from damage due to ultraviolet radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  pigmented cornea 
B)  pigmented lens 
C)  pigmented oil droplets in the photoreceptor inner segments 
D)  all of these. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  pigmented cornea 
B)  pigmented lens 
C)  pigmented oil droplets in the photoreceptor inner segments 
D)  all of these. 
E)  none of these.

Question 13

Passive electroreception uses an electric organ located in the tail of certain fish.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

On-center ganglion cells _____________ their spike frequency when the center of their receptive field is stimulated by light.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase 
B)  decrease 
C)  do not change 
A)  increase 
B)  decrease 
C)  do not change

Question 15

Compare and contrast the development of the retina in cephalopods and humans.

Accepted Answer

The development of the retina in cephalo

Question 16

The otolith organs are

Accepted Answer

A)  the ampulla and the ventricle. 
B)  the uvula and the spicule. 
C)  the utricle and the saccule. 
D)  cupula and ampulla. 
A)  the ampulla and the ventricle. 
B)  the uvula and the spicule. 
C)  the utricle and the saccule. 
D)  cupula and ampulla.

Question 17

Stimulus intensity is typically encoded in

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential amplitude. 
B)  frequency of action potentials. 
C)  number of receptors activated. 
D)  Both action potential and amplitude and frequency. 
E)  Both action potential frequency and number of receptors stimulated. 
A)  action potential amplitude. 
B)  frequency of action potentials. 
C)  number of receptors activated. 
D)  Both action potential and amplitude and frequency. 
E)  Both action potential frequency and number of receptors stimulated.

Question 18

Which of the following features account(s) for the greater acuity that occurs in cones, relative to the rods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different cone opsins have different absorbance maxima for wavelengths of light. 
B)  There is little convergence in the cone system. 
C)  Cones are less sensitive (require a stronger stimulus) than rods. 
D)  All of these contribute to acuity. 
E)  None of these influence acuity. 
A)  Different cone opsins have different absorbance maxima for wavelengths of light. 
B)  There is little convergence in the cone system. 
C)  Cones are less sensitive (require a stronger stimulus) than rods. 
D)  All of these contribute to acuity. 
E)  None of these influence acuity.

Question 19

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice:
-Tonic

Accepted Answer

A)  Afferent neuron 
B)  Touch 
C)  Taste 
D)  Paramecium 
E)  Electric fields 
F) Magnetic fields
G) Slowly adapting
H) Adequate stimulus
I) Receptor density
J) Compound eye 
A)  Afferent neuron 
B)  Touch 
C)  Taste 
D)  Paramecium 
E)  Electric fields 
F) Magnetic fields
G) Slowly adapting
H) Adequate stimulus
I) Receptor density
J) Compound eye

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT form one of the neural layers of the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  rod and cone photoreceptors 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  retinal pigment epithelium 
D)  ganglion cells 
E)  All of these are components of the neural retina. 
A)  rod and cone photoreceptors 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  retinal pigment epithelium 
D)  ganglion cells 
E)  All of these are components of the neural retina.

Describe and discuss how lateral inhibition would be involved in the localization of pain to an ingrown toenail on lateral side of your left big toe.

The detection of physical forces in the environment is most likely the most ancient of the senses.

The pitch of a sound is determined by the of vibrations, and in that respect is most similar to the of light.

Which of the following statements about light detection is TRUE?

The cyclic nucleotide whose modulation is most closely associated with phototransduction in vertebrates is

Which of the following statements about eyespots is NOT true?

The pitch of a sound is perceived in part due to frequency matching in the action potentials of the , and in part due to spatial (tonotopic) mapping of the .

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Which receptor for vibrations and pressure is found in birds?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Thermally gated channels

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Chemoreceptor

Which of the following strategies do animals use to help protect the retina from damage due to ultraviolet radiation?

Passive electroreception uses an electric organ located in the tail of certain fish.

On-center ganglion cells _____________ their spike frequency when the center of their receptive field is stimulated by light.

Compare and contrast the development of the retina in cephalopods and humans.

The otolith organs are

Stimulus intensity is typically encoded in

Which of the following features account(s) for the greater acuity that occurs in cones, relative to the rods?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Tonic

Which of the following does NOT form one of the neural layers of the retina?

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

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Exam 6: Sensory Physiology

Describe and discuss how lateral inhibition would be involved in the localization of pain to an ingrown toenail on lateral side of your left big toe.

The detection of physical forces in the environment is most likely the most ancient of the senses.

The pitch of a sound is determined by the ________ of vibrations, and in that respect is most similar to the ________ of light.

Which of the following statements about light detection is TRUE?

The cyclic nucleotide whose modulation is most closely associated with phototransduction in vertebrates is

Which of the following statements about eyespots is NOT true?

The pitch of a sound is perceived in part due to frequency matching in the action potentials of the ________, and in part due to spatial (tonotopic) mapping of the ________.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Which receptor for vibrations and pressure is found in birds?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Thermally gated channels

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Chemoreceptor

Which of the following strategies do animals use to help protect the retina from damage due to ultraviolet radiation?

Passive electroreception uses an electric organ located in the tail of certain fish.

On-center ganglion cells _____________ their spike frequency when the center of their receptive field is stimulated by light.

Compare and contrast the development of the retina in cephalopods and humans.

The otolith organs are

Stimulus intensity is typically encoded in

Which of the following features account(s) for the greater acuity that occurs in cones, relative to the rods?

Match each sentence with the most appropriate choice: -Tonic

Which of the following does NOT form one of the neural layers of the retina?

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Membrane Physiology

Neuronal Physiology

Nervous Systems

Endocrine Systems

Muscle Physiology

Circulatory Systems

Defense Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Digestive Systems

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Systems

Filters

The pitch of a sound is determined by the of vibrations, and in that respect is most similar to the of light.

The pitch of a sound is perceived in part due to frequency matching in the action potentials of the , and in part due to spatial (tonotopic) mapping of the .