Exam 5: The Chemistry of Life

You purchase a laundry product that claims to use natural enzymes to remove stains from clothing. After spilling grape juice on your favorite shirt, you apply the product and wash your shirt (following the directions, of course). When you pull the shirt out of the washer, the stain is still there! Which of the following might explain why the stain remover did not work?

How many different elements would be needed to construct a molecule of C₈H₁₀N₄O₂?

Which of the following combinations of atoms would form ionic bonds?

Some aspects of both cardiovascular disease and depression may share a common origin in an inflammatory response that may be initiated by the consumption of trans fat.

Chemical reactions do not change the identity of the participating atoms; all atoms present at the beginning of the reaction must be present at the end. Balance the chemical reaction by indicating the number of molecules necessary for each reactant and product: _____Cl₂ + _____ NaBr = _____Br₂ + _____NaCl.

The sum of an atom's protons and neutrons is its ____________________.

The sugar glucose has an important role

Of the following pH values, which indicates the most basic pH?

A proton has _____ charge.

Molecules with an uneven distribution of charge are described as ____________________.

The monomers in proteins are ____________________.

One function of nucleotides is energy transfer. Carbohydrates can be used to store energy. These related processes are important because

The monomers linked together in DNA are called ____________________.

The number of electrons surrounding an atom's core never changes.

Radioisotopes are useful in scientific research and medicine because they

The atoms in water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds.

In organic compounds, carbon atoms are bound to each other by

____________________ are types of proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in the cell.

The outer electron shell of a nitrogen atom can hold up to eight electrons, but contains only five. As a result, nitrogen can form _____ covalent bonds.

All the isotopes of a particular element have the same number of protons.