Question 1

In an experiment, which of the following does the researcher measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confounding variables 
B)  Dependent variables 
C)  Independent variables 
D)  Control variables 
A)  Confounding variables 
B)  Dependent variables 
C)  Independent variables 
D)  Control variables B

Question 2

Researchers design experiments specifically in order to be able to make claims about causation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The advantage of the repeated-measures design is that fewer subjects are necessary because each subject participates in all conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following is not a threat to internal validity of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  History 
B)  Maturation 
C)  Testing effects 
D)  Selection 
E)  Randomization 
A)  History 
B)  Maturation 
C)  Testing effects 
D)  Selection 
E)  Randomization

Question 5

In experiments a random assignment to groups is the same as an arbitrary assignment to groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is the name for an experimental design represented by:
R ? O1 ? X ? O2
R ? O1 O2

Accepted Answer

A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment 
A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment

Question 7

What is the name for an experimental design represented by R ? O1 ? X ? O2?

Accepted Answer

A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment 
A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment

Question 8

The term "factor" is just another fancy name for independent variable

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following research methods is good for establishing causality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Focus groups 
B)  Surveys 
C)  Experiments 
D)  Content analyses 
A)  Focus groups 
B)  Surveys 
C)  Experiments 
D)  Content analyses

Question 10

What is the name for an experimental design represented by:
R ? X ? O2
R O2

Accepted Answer

A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment 
A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment

Question 11

If Internal validity : Laboratory experiments, External validity : __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Simulations 
B)  Field experiments 
C)  Surveys 
D)  Focus groups 
A)  Simulations 
B)  Field experiments 
C)  Surveys 
D)  Focus groups

Question 12

How are correlations different from causation? Which research method establishes causation?

Accepted Answer

Correlations and causation are two funda

Question 13

Causation simply cannot meaningfully be inferred from correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Correlations are essentially the same as causation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In an experiment, which of the following does the researcher systematically vary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confounding variables 
B)  Dependent variables 
C)  Independent variables 
D)  Control variables 
A)  Confounding variables 
B)  Dependent variables 
C)  Independent variables 
D)  Control variables

Question 16

What is the name for an experimental design represented by R ? X ? O2?

Accepted Answer

A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment 
A)  posttest-only experiment 
B)  posttest-only control group experiment 
C)  pretest-posttest control group experiment 
D)  pretest-posttest experiment

Question 17

What does randomization accomplish in experiments?

Accepted Answer

Randomization in experiments is a techni

Question 18

__________ is one where two events co-occur but have no genuine relationship with one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cross-tabulation 
B)  Spurious correlation 
C)  Regression 
D)  Causation 
A)  Cross-tabulation 
B)  Spurious correlation 
C)  Regression 
D)  Causation

Question 19

Which of the following is not a threat to internal validity of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Instrumentation 
B)  Selection 
C)  Conducting the experiment in a laboratory 
D)  Experimental mortality 
E)  Interaction effects 
A)  Instrumentation 
B)  Selection 
C)  Conducting the experiment in a laboratory 
D)  Experimental mortality 
E)  Interaction effects

Exam 24: Experimental Research

In an experiment, which of the following does the researcher measure?

Researchers design experiments specifically in order to be able to make claims about causation.

The advantage of the repeated-measures design is that fewer subjects are necessary because each subject participates in all conditions.

Which of the following is not a threat to internal validity of an experiment?

In experiments a random assignment to groups is the same as an arbitrary assignment to groups.

What is the name for an experimental design represented by: R ? O1 ? X ? O2 R ? O1 O2

What is the name for an experimental design represented by R ? O1 ? X ? O2?

The term "factor" is just another fancy name for independent variable

Which of the following research methods is good for establishing causality?

What is the name for an experimental design represented by: R ? X ? O2 R O2

If Internal validity : Laboratory experiments, External validity : __________.

How are correlations different from causation? Which research method establishes causation?

Causation simply cannot meaningfully be inferred from correlation.

Correlations are essentially the same as causation.

In an experiment, which of the following does the researcher systematically vary?

What is the name for an experimental design represented by R ? X ? O2?

What does randomization accomplish in experiments?

__________ is one where two events co-occur but have no genuine relationship with one another.

Which of the following is not a threat to internal validity of an experiment?

Needs for Research in Advertising and Public Relations

Some Research Deﬁnitions

Planning and Using Research

Designing Research

Introduction to Secondary Research

Syndicated Research

Online Resources

Other Useful Resources

Uses of Qualitative Research

Focus Groups

Content Analysis

In-Depth Interviews

Other Qualitative Methods

How Qualitative Research Can Enhance Quantitative Research

Handling Qualitative Findings

Empirical Research: Survey Research

Sampling

Measuring Instruments

Question Wording

Interviewer Training

Obtaining Accurate Responses

Data Tabulation

Applications of Quantitative Research

Experimental Approaches

Quasi-Experimental Research

Experimental Applications in Advertising and Public Relations

Historical and Legal Research and Critical Analysis

Handling Data

Scaling Techniques

Mapping Techniques

Statistics

Statistical Analytic Tools

Who Should Conduct Research

Applying Research to Advertising and Public Relations Situations

The Research Report

Ethics in Research

Filters

What is the name for an experimental design represented by: R ? O₁ ? X ? O₂ R ? O₁ O₂

What is the name for an experimental design represented by R ? O₁ ? X ? O₂?

What is the name for an experimental design represented by: R ? X ? O₂ R O₂

What is the name for an experimental design represented by R ? X ? O₂?