Exam 3: Plato the Divided Line and the Cave

What are some of Berkeley's arguments against the independent existence of physical objects?

MacDonald warns us that "for unless we do become clear about how different sentences in our language function we shall continue liable to be bemused by pseudo-significant statements used as political slogans."

What argument does Hume give to support his claim that we cannot have recourse to the veracity of a Supreme Being in order to prove the veracity of our senses?

According to Plato, why are the areas above the divided line the eternal and unchanging world?

Aristotle's "four causes" are the following: a. substance, b. matter, c. the source of the change, d. mind.

Explain what Aristotle means by the term "universal." Do you agree with Aristotle's definition and use of the term? Explain your answer.

Explain what Kant means by the "critical investigation of pure reason."

According to Locke, what are "real qualities"?

Hawley says, "I will take it that metaphysical claims may be meaningless even when they are not subject to empirical confirmation or disconfirmation."

According to Berkeley, "The ideas imprinted on the Senses by the Author of nature are called primary qualities; and those excited in the imagination being less regular, vivid, and constant, are more properly termed secondary qualities."

How does Arendt distinguish between "immortality" and "eternity"?

Locke says, "For in bare naked perception, the mind is, for the most part, only _______; and what it perceives, it cannot avoid perceiving."

MacDonald says, "I wish to point out here is that Engels' assertion depends on his attempt to use a certain analogy, viz., that between ordinary propositions and scientific hypotheses."

Berkeley tells us there is something which knows or perceives, and exercises diverse operations, as willing, imagining, remembering. "This perceiving, active being is what I call ..."

How does Aristotle distinguish science from metaphysics? Why is this important? What kinds of questions do we ask when we do science? What kinds of questions do we ask when we do metaphysics?

Does Berkeley agree with the distinction between primary and secondary qualities? Explain your answer.

Leibniz claims that each Monad must be the same as every other Monad.

MacDonald claims that "Similarly we know and do not merely believe that there are such things as trains, trees and people for we know that some propositions of the form 'This is a tree,' 'This is a train,' 'This is a person' are true and that the use of these words differs from the use of words for what we should ordinarily call 'processes.' This is a linguistic and not an empirical distinction."

According to Plato, opinion belongs to the ...

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are where our minds are capable of understanding the world of ideas, and we are, therefore, able to grasp truth through experimentation.