Exam 3: Plato the Divided Line and the Cave

For Aristotle, metaphysics investigates ...

Kant tell us that we must "undertake the most laborious of all tasks-that of self-examination, and to establish a tribunal, which may secure it in its well-grounded claims, while it pronounces against all baseless assumptions and pretensions, not in an arbitrary manner, but according to its own eternal and unchangeable laws. This tribunal is nothing less than the ..."

Kant says, "By metaphorical realism I mean the doctrine that appearances are to be regarded as being, one and all, representations only, not things in themselves, and that time and space are therefore only sensible forms of our intuition, not determinations given as existing by themselves, nor conditions of objects viewed as things in themselves."

What does Leibniz mean when he says, "Thus it may be said that a Monad can only come into being or come to an end all at once; that is to say, it can come into being only by creation and come to an end only by annihilation"?

Why does Cavendish claim that matter is infinite and eternal? Do you agree with Cavendish?

Shepherd argues that "Although we are only conscious of our sensations, yet our whole combined sensations include in their relations the necessity, that there should be, and the proof that there are, other possible worlds that are logically coherent."

Why does Leibniz claim that each Monad is different from every other Monad? Why is it important that they are different? What would happen if all Monads were identical?

For Leibniz, a ________ is nothing but a collection of simple things.

MacDonald says, "That the sun goes round the earth is not of course perceived by anyone but may be ________________ from what is perceived."

According to Leibniz, "The passing condition, which involves and represents a multiplicity in the unit or in the simple substance, is nothing but what is called creation, which is to be distinguished from death."

MacDonald claims that "Similarly we know and do not merely believe that there are such things as trains, trees and people for we know that some propositions of the form 'This is a tree,' 'This is a train,' 'This is a person' are true and that the use of these words differs from the use of words for what we should ordinarily call 'processes.' This is a __________ and not an empirical distinction."

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are referred to as the ...

Aristotle tells us that when we talk about "how the world is what it is" we are in the domain of ...

What does Cavendish mean when she says that every creature has a double perception? Give some specific examples.

Explain in detail the difference between the active life and the contemplative life.

Berkeley says, "all those bodies which compose the mighty frame of the world, have not any subsistence without a mind, that their being is to be perceived or known; that consequently so long as they are not actually perceived by me, or do not exist in my mind or that of any other created spirit, they must either have no existence at all, or else subsist in the ..."

For Locke, the qualities of objects, such as solidity, extension, motion or rest, and number, that really do exist in the objects themselves are called ...

Arendt says that the moment someone "sits down to write his thoughts he ceases to be concerned primarily with eternity and shifts his attention to leaving some trace of them. He has entered the vita activa [active life] and chosen its way of permanence and potential immortality."

Hawley asserts that the "____________argument asserts that there are plenty of theories in the history of science which were empirically successful, but which posited the existence of entities in which we no longer believe. The aim is to undermine the realist claim that empirical success is a reliable symptom of theoretical truth."

The kind of knowledge of which we can never be certain because it is derived from limited sense perception is ...