Exam 3: Plato the Divided Line and the Cave

Explain the role that reason plays in Shepherd's answer to the questions concerning our knowledge of the existence of bodies outside ourselves.

According to Shepherd, the question concerning our knowledge of the existence of body, "it is _________, which taking notice of the whole of our perceptions, and of their mutual relations, affords those proofs of body which first generate, and after examination will substantiate, the belief of its existence."

Hawley says that "Scientific ________, as I shall understand it here, is the view that there are cases where the involvement of a claim about an unobservable entity in an empirically successful scientific theory provides reason to think that the claim is true."

According to Leibniz, the basic building block of reality is the monad, a simple substance that has no parts.

Berkeley says that "esse est percepi," which means essence precedes existence.

Berkeley argues that primary qualities such as extension, figure, and motion ...

Arendt claims that human mortality and individual life arise out of biological life

Explain Leibniz's meaning when he says, "The passing condition, which involves and represents a multiplicity in the unit or in the simple substance, is nothing but what is called perception, which is to be distinguished from consciousness."

In the Allegory of the Cave, Plato ask us to imagine that the people who are chained can see mythical creatures.

Explain what Hume means when he says that "The Cartesian doubt, therefore, were it ever possible to be attained by any human creature (as it plainly is not) would be entirely incurable; and no reasoning could ever bring us to a state of assurance and conviction upon any subject."

Plato tells us that the point of the allegory is that the prisoner's journey from inside the cave to the world outside the cave can be interpreted as the journey of one human's life from birth to death.

Leibniz claims that each monad has _________ that differentiate(s) it from every other monad, which accounts for our experience of change.

Explain what Hawley means by Undermining and Counterargument.

According to Leibniz, "The Monads have no ________, through which anything could come in or go out."

For Locke, the power to produce any idea in our mind is called quality.

For Locke, the qualities of objects, such as solidity, extension, motion or rest, and number, that really do exist in the objects themselves are called secondary qualities.

According to Leibniz, "The Monads have no windows through which anything could come in or go out."

According to Cavendish, every part of nature has both ...

Hawley says there is "a widespread suspicion that science cannot really contribute to metaphysics, and that scientific findings grossly _____________ metaphysical claims."

"The great, basic thought," according to Engels, which dialectical materialism inherited from Hegel, was "that the world is not to be comprehended as a complex of ready-made things, but as a complex of thoughts."