Exam 2: Viewers Make Meaning

____________ is informed by experiences relating to one's class, cultural background, education, and other aspects of identity.

Kitsch objects used to commemorate traumatic events run the risk of ____________.

In early January 2017, "appropriation artist" Richard Prince sent back the $36,000 he received for a painting of Ivanka Trump, a portrait he based on an Instagram shot of her. He coupled this with a tweet stating, "This is not my work. I did not make it. I deny. I denounce. This fake art." In addition to making a political point, by disavowing ownership of an image that he had created and had already sold, Prince raises controversial legal questions about moral rights, practiced in some other countries, and ____________, practiced in the United States

The iconic 1917 poster of Uncle Sam declares that he wants YOU. The viewer, however, may resist interpellation into this ideology of nationalism by following the advice of W. J. T. Mitchell, who asks, "What does this picture ____________?" rather than "What does it ____________?"

What is a current financial trend in the global art market?

In countries that follow ____________, ownership of the expression of an idea cannot be sold or given away.

In Archduke Leopold Wilhelm in His Picture Gallery in Brussels (c. 1650-51), David Teniers the Younger depicts Archduke Leopold Wilhelm surrounded by his personal collection of paintings. In doing so, he affirms the archduke's importance as a ____________.

A pastel version of Edvard Munch's painting The Scream (1895) sold at auction for a record-breaking $119.9 million, value based on not just the artwork but also its provenance and related designations of authenticity. This exemplifies the importance of the ____________ in making meaning.

According to Roland Barthes, how is the author "dead"?

____________ is a term used by Dick Hebdige to describe the choices that are made to give objects new meanings and aesthetic values that differ from their original context.

Which of the following would be least valued in James Clifford's Art-Culture System?

The Guerrilla Girls is a group of anonymous, female artists who produce work that highlights the lack of female artists represented in major museums and galleries. In their Do Women Have To Be Naked To Get Into The Met. Museum? (1989), the title is printed above the statement "Less than 5% of the artists in the Modern Art Sections are women, but 85% of the nudes are female." To the left of the text is a reproduction of Jean Auguste Dominigue Ingres's Grande Odalisque, in which a nude woman is reclining on a bed. An angry gorilla head is printed over the subject's face. The use of appropriation in this piece most closely parallels which other artwork?

Describe Marx's original conceptualization of ideology and the two significant alterations to it described in the book.

How does Gordon Parks's American Gothic, Washington, D.C. use appropriation to convey its political message?

Barbara Kruger's Untitled (Your manias become science) uses an image of the atomic bomb, originally suggesting the primacy of Western science and technology, to express a(n) ____________ sentiment through its critique of nuclear weapons.

What is the process in which social movements take hegemonic texts or once-derogatory terms and reuse them in affirming and empowering ways?

In a 1939 essay, Clement Greenberg argued that avant-garde art, as opposed to kitsch, is serious, high modernist, and nonobjective, requiring the viewer's active, reflective, and educated engagement. A number of works complicate simple distinctions, however, between what is art and what is kitsch. Which of the following makes these two categories seem less clear while rejecting elitist notions of the avant-garde?

____________ is a method used for the analysis of both the role of economics in historical progress and the ways that capitalism works to produce class relations.

A subculture of Chicano/as and Mexican Americans popular in the 1940s, Pachuco/as defined themselves by their excessively large and flamboyant outfits, a flamboyance also on display in lowrider culture. If, as stated by Dick Hebdige, signifying practices are always political, what does this element of Pachuco/as culture signify about the history of being Mexican American in the United States?

Which Dadaist artist developed and displayed "readymades"?