Question 1

Relative risk reduction is most accurately calculated as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  EER + CER 
B)  EER - CER/CER 
C)  EER - CER 
D)  EER/CER 
A)  EER + CER 
B)  EER - CER/CER 
C)  EER - CER 
D)  EER/CER

Question 2

What type of study would be most appropriate if the nurse researcher is seeking to answer a question about the effectiveness of a particular treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive 
B)  Correlational 
C)  Exploratory 
D)  Quasi-experimental 
E)  Qualitative 
A)  Descriptive 
B)  Correlational 
C)  Exploratory 
D)  Quasi-experimental 
E)  Qualitative

Question 3

In an experiment, when a value is obtained that shows no difference between the treatment and control group, the value is considered to be what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Causal 
B)  Sensitivity 
C)  Null 
D)  Positively predictive 
A)  Causal 
B)  Sensitivity 
C)  Null 
D)  Positively predictive

Question 4

How should the nurse researcher most accurately interpret a relative risk that is equal to 1.0?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no difference between the experimental and control group outcomes. 
B)  The risk of the event is reduced in EER compared with CER. 
C)  The risk of an event is greater in EER compared with CER. 
D)  Difference in risk of outcome between patients who have had the event and those who have not. 
A)  There is no difference between the experimental and control group outcomes. 
B)  The risk of the event is reduced in EER compared with CER. 
C)  The risk of an event is greater in EER compared with CER. 
D)  Difference in risk of outcome between patients who have had the event and those who have not.

Question 5

A nurse researcher critiquing a research study notes that a confidence interval (CI) is too large for a new therapy to be clinically meaningful. What likely contributed to this statistical outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strong power level 
B)  Quantitative experimental design 
C)  Statistical analysis 
D)  Too small a sample 
A)  Strong power level 
B)  Quantitative experimental design 
C)  Statistical analysis 
D)  Too small a sample

Question 6

The vertical line in a graphic of a systematic review represents what?

Accepted Answer

A)  An odds ratio of 1 
B)  The 95% CI 
C)  The findings from an individual study 
D)  The amount of information in an individual study 
A)  An odds ratio of 1 
B)  The 95% CI 
C)  The findings from an individual study 
D)  The amount of information in an individual study

Question 7

How should the nurse researcher most accurately interpret an odds ratio greater than 1.0?

Accepted Answer

A)  This means there is no difference in the odds of an event occurring between the experimental and control groups. 
B)  The event is less likely in the treatment group than the control group. 
C)  The event is more likely to occur in the treatment group than the control group. 
D)  Percent increase in risk of the event that is added after considering the percent of risk that would occur anyway. 
A)  This means there is no difference in the odds of an event occurring between the experimental and control groups. 
B)  The event is less likely in the treatment group than the control group. 
C)  The event is more likely to occur in the treatment group than the control group. 
D)  Percent increase in risk of the event that is added after considering the percent of risk that would occur anyway.

Question 8

A nurse researcher is seeking studies whose outcomes are described with a measure of precision about the studies' results. The statistical descriptions the researcher will seek include what? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The t test 
B)  Correlation 
C)  Standard deviation 
D)  CI 
E)  Mean 
A)  The t test 
B)  Correlation 
C)  Standard deviation 
D)  CI 
E)  Mean

Question 9

What is the significance of a diagnostic test with a large positive likelihood ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides only limited predictive value for disease. 
B)  It provides a high degree of certainty that the patient has the suspected disorder. 
C)  It mandates other supportive diagnostic tests. 
D)  It provides little assistance in clinical decision making. 
A)  It provides only limited predictive value for disease. 
B)  It provides a high degree of certainty that the patient has the suspected disorder. 
C)  It mandates other supportive diagnostic tests. 
D)  It provides little assistance in clinical decision making.

Question 10

From top to bottom, what are the study designs associated with the strongest level of evidence base? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Randomized controlled trial 
B)  Quasi-experimental 
C)  Correlational 
D)  Descriptive study 
E)  Phenomenal 
A)  Randomized controlled trial 
B)  Quasi-experimental 
C)  Correlational 
D)  Descriptive study 
E)  Phenomenal

Question 11

A nurse researcher reviewing an experimental study notices that one group received the "gold standard" treatment. This should be most accurately interpreted as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimental treatment 
B)  No treatment 
C)  Nonconventional treatment 
D)  Current standard of treatment 
A)  Experimental treatment 
B)  No treatment 
C)  Nonconventional treatment 
D)  Current standard of treatment

Question 12

Which type of research findings are considered the strongest available evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meta-analysis 
B)  Descriptive 
C)  Case study 
D)  Narrative 
A)  Meta-analysis 
B)  Descriptive 
C)  Case study 
D)  Narrative

Question 13

A nurse is investigating the literature on a clinical topic and is particularly interested in studies that are experimental. What other terms may the nurse encounter in a literature search? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Randomized controlled trials 
B)  Intervention studies 
C)  Individual studies 
D)  Prognostic studies 
A)  Randomized controlled trials 
B)  Intervention studies 
C)  Individual studies 
D)  Prognostic studies

Relative risk reduction is most accurately calculated as what?

What type of study would be most appropriate if the nurse researcher is seeking to answer a question about the effectiveness of a particular treatment?

In an experiment, when a value is obtained that shows no difference between the treatment and control group, the value is considered to be what?

How should the nurse researcher most accurately interpret a relative risk that is equal to 1.0?

A nurse researcher critiquing a research study notes that a confidence interval (CI) is too large for a new therapy to be clinically meaningful. What likely contributed to this statistical outcome?

The vertical line in a graphic of a systematic review represents what?

How should the nurse researcher most accurately interpret an odds ratio greater than 1.0?

A nurse researcher is seeking studies whose outcomes are described with a measure of precision about the studies' results. The statistical descriptions the researcher will seek include what? (Select all that apply.)

What is the significance of a diagnostic test with a large positive likelihood ratio?

From top to bottom, what are the study designs associated with the strongest level of evidence base? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse researcher reviewing an experimental study notices that one group received the "gold standard" treatment. This should be most accurately interpreted as what?

Which type of research findings are considered the strongest available evidence?

A nurse is investigating the literature on a clinical topic and is particularly interested in studies that are experimental. What other terms may the nurse encounter in a literature search? (Select all that apply.)

Integrating Research, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement Processes

Research Questions, Hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Gathering and Appraising the Literature

Theoretical Frameworks for Research

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Systematic Reviews and Clinical Practice Guidelines

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Quality Improvement

Filters

Exam 19: Strategies and Tools for Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Relative risk reduction is most accurately calculated as what?

What type of study would be most appropriate if the nurse researcher is seeking to answer a question about the effectiveness of a particular treatment?

In an experiment, when a value is obtained that shows no difference between the treatment and control group, the value is considered to be what?

How should the nurse researcher most accurately interpret a relative risk that is equal to 1.0?

A nurse researcher critiquing a research study notes that a confidence interval (CI) is too large for a new therapy to be clinically meaningful. What likely contributed to this statistical outcome?

The vertical line in a graphic of a systematic review represents what?

How should the nurse researcher most accurately interpret an odds ratio greater than 1.0?

A nurse researcher is seeking studies whose outcomes are described with a measure of precision about the studies' results. The statistical descriptions the researcher will seek include what? (Select all that apply.)

What is the significance of a diagnostic test with a large positive likelihood ratio?

From top to bottom, what are the study designs associated with the strongest level of evidence base? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse researcher reviewing an experimental study notices that one group received the "gold standard" treatment. This should be most accurately interpreted as what?

Which type of research findings are considered the strongest available evidence?

A nurse is investigating the literature on a clinical topic and is particularly interested in studies that are experimental. What other terms may the nurse encounter in a literature search? (Select all that apply.)

Integrating Research, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement Processes

Research Questions, Hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Gathering and Appraising the Literature

Theoretical Frameworks for Research

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Systematic Reviews and Clinical Practice Guidelines

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Quality Improvement

Filters