Exam 11: Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Recall that Muzafer Sherif and his colleagues conducted the Robbers Cave experiment, which generated conflict between two groups of boys. This study showed that

Give an example of an experiment that uses the minimal group paradigm and explain how the use of this paradigm contributes to our understanding of how an "us versus them" mentality is formed.

In one study participants were divided into two groups using the minimal group paradigm. Participants then filled out an attitude questionnaire twice-once to record their own attitudes and once to record how they thought another ingroup or outgroup member might respond. Results showed that participants tended to

In one study, white participants were faster to identify a weapon as a weapon when it was preceded by a picture of an African American face as opposed to a white face. Subsequent research suggests that this effect is due to

Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements for a situation in which contact between members of different groups will reduce prejudice?

________ theory posits that a person's self-concept and self-esteem are based in part on group membership and group success or failure.

The ________ perspective emphasizes that stereotypes can be useful categories that allow us to process information efficiently.

Members of stigmatized groups often cannot tell whether many of their experiences have the same origins as those of nonstigmatized groups or whether these experiences are the result of prejudice. Research on this attributional predicament in performance-based contexts has shown that

Research on the principle of paired distinctiveness has shown that people tend to ________ how often a negative behavior is performed by members of a minority group and ________ how often a negative behavior is performed by members of a majority group.

Tanner believes that women are needy and unintelligent. When he meets Leslie, an independent and intelligent woman who does not match his stereotype, he is likely to conclude that

Recall that one study asked prejudiced and unprejudiced white participants to evaluate black and white college applicants (identified by photos attached to their applications) whose qualifications varied. What did this study show?

Research suggests that stereotyping can sometimes be ________ because it can ________ our social environment.

Describe two characteristics of college campuses that may undermine positive intergroup contact. Then, list one approach that educators have used to try to promote positive contact.

Research shows that even if schools are integrated, if children's parents do not encourage and support that integration, children will be less likely to meet and play with children from different backgrounds. In this case, which condition for reducing prejudice is NOT met?

Patricia Devine's research indicates that the activation of stereotypes is typically a(n) ________ process, and thus stereotypes ________.

Mr. Biggs sets up his fifth grade classroom so that students need to teach each other and cooperate in order to do well. Mr. Biggs is applying

Evaluate the claim that racial diversity is sufficient to create positive intergroup relations. What conditions are necessary for contact between diverse groups to be beneficial?

Research suggests that people tend to perceive ________ variability of habit and opinion among members of the ingroup than they do among members of the outgroup because people are ________.

How do threats to self-esteem impact people's attitudes toward outgroup members? Provide one example of a relevant study. According to social identity theory, why do self-esteem threats have this effect?

Which of the following research findings provides the best evidence that a person's responses on the IAT are likely to be predictive of discriminatory behavior?