Exam 8: Consumer Culture

All of the following are functions performed by culture EXCEPT _____.

_____ is the extent to which authority and privileges are divided among different groups within a society and the extent to which these facts of life are accepted by the people within the society.

In most Christian cultures, consumers exchange gifts at Christmas. This is an example of a(n) _____.

Carmen is a little girl who is learning her culture from observations in her everyday experiences. She acts the way she sees her parents and siblings and friends at school act. What is this process Carmen is using called?

What type of factors would influence hygiene habits of individuals living in a desert compared to those living where water is more plentiful?

Customs and accepted ways of structuring society are called _____.

Socialization involves learning through observation and the active processing of information about lived, everyday experience.

_____ represents the way a person learns his or her native culture.

Jamal lives with his two brothers, their wives and children, and his parents. In his country, each family is expected to take care of other family members. Which of the following best describes Jamal's culture?

The consumer price index (CPI) gives an idea of the total size of the consumer market in each country in terms of total buying power.

How is culture learned? List the quartet of institutions responsible for communicating CSVs and discuss which one or ones had the greatest influence on your learning of your native culture and/or a new culture.

_____ reflects values consistent with Confucian philosophy and a prioritization of future rewards over short-term benefits.

Long-term orientation reflects values consistent with Aristotle's philosophy and a prioritization of future reward over short-term benefits.

WALMART SCENARIO Walmart is the largest retailer in the world with more than 4,000 stores located in 14 countries outside the United States. The corporation has learned, sometimes the hard way, that the Walmart business model cannot be transferred to every country it enters due to cultural differences. For example, the retailer ran into difficulties in many European countries because stores are not open 24-hours a day, seven days a week like Walmart Supercenters are in the United States. When negotiating the purchase of Trust-Mart stores in China, the company had to develop relationships with executives before even discussing business opportunities. Finally, Walmart varies marketing mixes based on local tastes, cultures, and economic conditions. -Refer to Walmart Scenario. Walmart has not yet expanded into Russia, perhaps because the total size of the consumer market in terms of buying power is so much lower than other countries. The term used to describe this purchasing power is known as _____.

The term Chindia refers to the combined market and business potential of China and India.

The primary function of culture is to facilitate communication among members of that culture.

A researcher is interested in conducting a survey in the United States and in Brazil, but she wants each survey to be in each country's native language. So she hires a graduate student from Brazil to translate the survey into Portuguese and hires another one to translate it back into English to ensure that the two surveys share the same meaning. Using this technique, called back translation, helps researchers ensure _____.

Modeling is a form of observational learning.

List the fundamental elements of verbal and nonverbal communication. Describe a recent interaction you had with another person and discuss the verbal and nonverbal communication that took place.

Dostat is a phenomenon associated with long-term orientation and is the idea that when someone does a good deed for you, you are expected to return that good deed.