Question 1

The highest temperatures in the atmosphere occur in the

Accepted Answer

A)  troposphere. 
B)  stratosphere. 
C)  mesosphere. 
D)  thermosphere. 
A)  troposphere. 
B)  stratosphere. 
C)  mesosphere. 
D)  thermosphere.

Question 2

The atmospheric portion of the biosphere occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  heterosphere. 
B)  troposphere. 
C)  ozonosphere. 
D)  lithosphere. 
A)  heterosphere. 
B)  troposphere. 
C)  ozonosphere. 
D)  lithosphere.

Question 3

Write an essay on acid rain in which you discuss its sources, its effects, and the efforts that have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants that cause it.

Accepted Answer

Formation: incomplete combusti

Question 4

Which is true of the level of C   in our atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is reached 400 ppm in 2013. 
B)  The rate of increase leveled out in 1976. 
C)  The level of C   was much higher in 1955 than today. 
D)  The level of C   is decreasing at 3.1% per year. 
A)  It is reached 400 ppm in 2013. 
B)  The rate of increase leveled out in 1976. 
C)  The level of C   was much higher in 1955 than today. 
D)  The level of C   is decreasing at 3.1% per year.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes air pollution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both natural and anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
B)  Solely anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
C)  Solely natural gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
D)  A distinct class of gases, particles, and other substances that the EPA has deemed worthy of regulating. 
A)  Both natural and anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
B)  Solely anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
C)  Solely natural gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
D)  A distinct class of gases, particles, and other substances that the EPA has deemed worthy of regulating.

Question 6

Because percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is so small, it is considered an insignificant gas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which best describes the cost-benefit results of the first 20 years of the Clean Air?

Accepted Answer

A)  Costs have been far greater than the benefits. 
B)  In 2010, alone, estimated benefits exceeded costs by 4 to 1. 
C)  Because many of the benefits of clean air are intangible, it is not possible to make such comparisons. 
D)  While costs have exceed benefits 2 to 1, benefits are expected to increase in the coming decades. 
A)  Costs have been far greater than the benefits. 
B)  In 2010, alone, estimated benefits exceeded costs by 4 to 1. 
C)  Because many of the benefits of clean air are intangible, it is not possible to make such comparisons. 
D)  While costs have exceed benefits 2 to 1, benefits are expected to increase in the coming decades.

Question 8

The ionosphere resides principally within the thermosphere, and the ozonosphere resides within the stratosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Why does temperature increase with altitude in the stratosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  The increase is due to the effects of the normal lapse rate effect. 
B)  Chlorofluorocarbons increase ozone concentrations, which enhance temperature. 
C)  Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the Sun and then reradiates it at infrared wavelengths. 
D)  Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated by Earth's surface. 
A)  The increase is due to the effects of the normal lapse rate effect. 
B)  Chlorofluorocarbons increase ozone concentrations, which enhance temperature. 
C)  Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the Sun and then reradiates it at infrared wavelengths. 
D)  Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated by Earth's surface.

Question 10

Carbon dioxide is currently increasing at the rate of 3.1% per year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is not true regarding the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen

Accepted Answer

A)  They lead to the formation of airborne sulfuric and nitric acid. 
B)  They are produced by industry and transportation. 
C)  They are causing major environmental problems in Europe and Asia. 
D)  They are naturally occurring and, therefore, not considered pollutants. 
A)  They lead to the formation of airborne sulfuric and nitric acid. 
B)  They are produced by industry and transportation. 
C)  They are causing major environmental problems in Europe and Asia. 
D)  They are naturally occurring and, therefore, not considered pollutants.

Question 12

The solar constant is measured at

Accepted Answer

A)  the outer boundary of the exosphere (32,000 km (20,000 mi)). 
B)  the top of the atmosphere (480 km (300 mi)). 
C)  the top of the stratosphere (50 km (31 mi)). 
D)  the top of the troposphere (12 km (8 mi)). 
E)  Earth's surface at the equator (sea level). 
A)  the outer boundary of the exosphere (32,000 km (20,000 mi)). 
B)  the top of the atmosphere (480 km (300 mi)). 
C)  the top of the stratosphere (50 km (31 mi)). 
D)  the top of the troposphere (12 km (8 mi)). 
E)  Earth's surface at the equator (sea level).

Question 13

Despite its high temperatures, why would the thermosphere feel cold to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of molecules is not high enough to transfer heat to human's skin. 
B)  Humans would die due to pressure changes before they could experience the intense heat. 
C)  The atmosphere is denser in the thermosphere and this pressure reduces heat transfer. 
D)  The average kinetic energy is actually less in the thermosphere than the troposphere. 
A)  The number of molecules is not high enough to transfer heat to human's skin. 
B)  Humans would die due to pressure changes before they could experience the intense heat. 
C)  The atmosphere is denser in the thermosphere and this pressure reduces heat transfer. 
D)  The average kinetic energy is actually less in the thermosphere than the troposphere.

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding ozone depletion in Antarctica?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing levels of ultraviolet radiation have not actually been measured at this time. 
B)  The atmosphere above Antarctica has experienced a complete loss of protective ozone. 
C)  Maximum ozone depletion occurs during the Antarctic spring, following the development of polar stratospheric clouds in winter. 
D)  There has actually been a decrease in ultraviolet levels measured at the surface-which is contrary to what is predicted by ozone depletion models. 
A)  Increasing levels of ultraviolet radiation have not actually been measured at this time. 
B)  The atmosphere above Antarctica has experienced a complete loss of protective ozone. 
C)  Maximum ozone depletion occurs during the Antarctic spring, following the development of polar stratospheric clouds in winter. 
D)  There has actually been a decrease in ultraviolet levels measured at the surface-which is contrary to what is predicted by ozone depletion models.

Question 15

About half of Earth's crust consists of compounds containing

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen. 
B)  argon. 
C)  carbon dioxide. 
D)  oxygen. 
E)  ozone 
A)  nitrogen. 
B)  argon. 
C)  carbon dioxide. 
D)  oxygen. 
E)  ozone

Question 16

Increased fuel efficiency may help mitigate urban pollution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

At CO levels of 100 ppm or less in the bloodstream

Accepted Answer

A)  humans might develop a headache and have losses in vision and judgment. 
B)  there is no noticeable health effect. 
C)  the human bloodstream is unaffected. 
D)  carbon monoxide can contribute to acid rain. 
A)  humans might develop a headache and have losses in vision and judgment. 
B)  there is no noticeable health effect. 
C)  the human bloodstream is unaffected. 
D)  carbon monoxide can contribute to acid rain.

Question 18

In 2010, the Clean Air Act

Accepted Answer

A)  was repealed. 
B)  cost $27 billion to implement, but saved an estimated $110 billion. 
C)  resulted in some 4 million lost works days. 
D)  was severely weakened by the Congress in a new bill that was ultimately vetoed by the President. 
A)  was repealed. 
B)  cost $27 billion to implement, but saved an estimated $110 billion. 
C)  resulted in some 4 million lost works days. 
D)  was severely weakened by the Congress in a new bill that was ultimately vetoed by the President.

Question 19

The top of the Earth's atmosphere is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  3,200 km (1,988 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
B)  480 km (300 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
C)  2,000 km (1,243 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
D)  1,000 km (621 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
A)  3,200 km (1,988 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
B)  480 km (300 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
C)  2,000 km (1,243 mi) above the Earth's surface. 
D)  1,000 km (621 mi) above the Earth's surface.

Question 20

In 1974, Dr. Rowland and Dr. Molina made what observation vis-à-vis ozone (O₃)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The photochemical interactions of chloroflourocarbons and O₃. 
B)  Automobile exhaust and sunlight were producing photochemical smog. 
C)  Anthropogenic O₃ releases were a major culprit in global warming. 
D)  Ground-level O₃ irritates human eyes and respiratory systems. 
A)  The photochemical interactions of chloroflourocarbons and O₃. 
B)  Automobile exhaust and sunlight were producing photochemical smog. 
C)  Anthropogenic O₃ releases were a major culprit in global warming. 
D)  Ground-level O₃ irritates human eyes and respiratory systems.

The highest temperatures in the atmosphere occur in the

The atmospheric portion of the biosphere occurs in the

Write an essay on acid rain in which you discuss its sources, its effects, and the efforts that have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants that cause it.

Which is true of the level of C in our atmosphere?

Which of the following best describes air pollution?

Because percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is so small, it is considered an insignificant gas.

Which best describes the cost-benefit results of the first 20 years of the Clean Air?

The ionosphere resides principally within the thermosphere, and the ozonosphere resides within the stratosphere.

Why does temperature increase with altitude in the stratosphere?

Carbon dioxide is currently increasing at the rate of 3.1% per year.

Which of the following is not true regarding the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen

The solar constant is measured at

Despite its high temperatures, why would the thermosphere feel cold to humans?

Which of the following is true regarding ozone depletion in Antarctica?

About half of Earth's crust consists of compounds containing

Increased fuel efficiency may help mitigate urban pollution.

At CO levels of 100 ppm or less in the bloodstream

In 2010, the Clean Air Act

The top of the Earth's atmosphere is approximately

In 1974, Dr. Rowland and Dr. Molina made what observation vis-à-vis ozone (O₃)?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 3: Earths Modern Atmosphere

The highest temperatures in the atmosphere occur in the

The atmospheric portion of the biosphere occurs in the

Write an essay on acid rain in which you discuss its sources, its effects, and the efforts that have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants that cause it.

Which is true of the level of C in our atmosphere?

Which of the following best describes air pollution?

Because percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is so small, it is considered an insignificant gas.

Which best describes the cost-benefit results of the first 20 years of the Clean Air?

The ionosphere resides principally within the thermosphere, and the ozonosphere resides within the stratosphere.

Why does temperature increase with altitude in the stratosphere?

Carbon dioxide is currently increasing at the rate of 3.1% per year.

Which of the following is not true regarding the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen

The solar constant is measured at

Despite its high temperatures, why would the thermosphere feel cold to humans?

Which of the following is true regarding ozone depletion in Antarctica?

About half of Earth's crust consists of compounds containing

Increased fuel efficiency may help mitigate urban pollution.

At CO levels of 100 ppm or less in the bloodstream

In 2010, the Clean Air Act

The top of the Earth's atmosphere is approximately

In 1974, Dr. Rowland and Dr. Molina made what observation vis-à-vis ozone (O₃)?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters