Question 1

Worldwide, alpine glaciers are presently increasing in size and number.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The transformation of snow into glacial ice in Antarctica takes ________ than in midlatitude alpine glaciers because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  less time; more snow fall in the polar regions each year slows the glacier formation process 
B)  less time; there is more melting and refreezing in the midlatitudes and, therefore, it takes much longer there 
C)  longer; the long summer days in Antarctica (up to 24-hours) results in more sunlight impeding the glacier development process 
D)  longer; the dryness of the Antarctic climate and minimal snowfall as compared to wetter climates with constant snowfall 
A)  less time; more snow fall in the polar regions each year slows the glacier formation process 
B)  less time; there is more melting and refreezing in the midlatitudes and, therefore, it takes much longer there 
C)  longer; the long summer days in Antarctica (up to 24-hours) results in more sunlight impeding the glacier development process 
D)  longer; the dryness of the Antarctic climate and minimal snowfall as compared to wetter climates with constant snowfall D

Question 3

Describe the importance of periglacial processes.

Accepted Answer

Periglacial regions occupy over 20% of the Earth's land surface and are dominated by the geomorphological processes related to the freezing of water. Periglacial conditions occur at high latitudes, with a near permanent ice cover, at high elevations in lower latitudes, with areas that are seasonally snow free. They tend to correspond to subarctic and polar climate zones, in particular the tundra climate.
In areas where the soil, sediment, or rock is below freezing for at least two years, permafrost forms. Where permafrost is not covered by a glacier, it is considered periglacial. Large portions of Alaska, Canada, China, Scandinavia, Greenland, and Antarctica have permafrost. Permafrost may be divided into continuous and discontinuous zones and are exactly as the names suggest.
These periglacial environments are subject to freeze/thaw actions and the landforms that result, such as ice wedges, hummocks, patterned ground, solifluction, and gelifluction. Humans have also settled periglacial regions. Due to the freeze/thaw processes, humans must learn to properly adapt structures to the environment.

Question 4

If a glacier does not have debris embedded in its base, it is not a very effective agent of abrasion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Unfrozen ground in a region of discontinuous permafrost is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  nunatak. 
B)  talik. 
C)  cryotic zone. 
D)  patterned ground. 
A)  nunatak. 
B)  talik. 
C)  cryotic zone. 
D)  patterned ground.

Question 6

Solifluction is the downslope movement of soil particles resulting from freeze/thaw cycles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Overall, the Arctic is much cooler than Antarctic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Alpine glaciers eroding parallel valleys may produce thin, sharp ridge forms known as arête.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The zone of seasonally frozen ground that exists between the subsurface permafrost layer and the ground surface is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  gelifluction. 
B)  discontinuous region. 
C)  active layer. 
D)  talik. 
A)  gelifluction. 
B)  discontinuous region. 
C)  active layer. 
D)  talik.

Question 10

A class of landforms formed by the accumulation of glacial till are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  drift. 
B)  alluvium. 
C)  outwash. 
D)  moraines. 
A)  drift. 
B)  alluvium. 
C)  outwash. 
D)  moraines.

Question 11

Which of the following is not correct regarding the Pleistocene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sea levels were 100 m (330 ft.) higher than today. 
B)  At its height almost a third of Earth was covered with ice. 
C)  It began 1.65 mya and had at least 18 glacial/interglacial cycles. 
D)  The Ohio and Missouri River systems marked the southern terminus of continuous ice at its greatest extent. 
A)  Sea levels were 100 m (330 ft.) higher than today. 
B)  At its height almost a third of Earth was covered with ice. 
C)  It began 1.65 mya and had at least 18 glacial/interglacial cycles. 
D)  The Ohio and Missouri River systems marked the southern terminus of continuous ice at its greatest extent.

Question 12

Calving leads to the formation of icebergs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Drumlins and kettles are examples of alpine glacial landforms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Vertical and horizontal movement caused by the expansion of freezing water are called

Accepted Answer

A)  frost heaving and frost thrusting, respectively. 
B)  frost thrusting and frost heaving, respectively. 
C)  frost heaving. 
D)  frost thrusting. 
A)  frost heaving and frost thrusting, respectively. 
B)  frost thrusting and frost heaving, respectively. 
C)  frost heaving. 
D)  frost thrusting.

Question 15

During a surge, a glacier moves up to 2 km/hr.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Most glaciers are stationary, moving at no more than several millimeters per year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A snowline refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the latitude or elevation at which winter snow accumulates each year. 
B)  the latitude demarcating the extent of glacial ice during the last glacial maximum. 
C)  an isoline demarcating the extent of snow or ice on a weather map. 
D)  the lowest line (latitude or elevation) where winter snow accumulation persists throughout the summer. 
A)  the latitude or elevation at which winter snow accumulates each year. 
B)  the latitude demarcating the extent of glacial ice during the last glacial maximum. 
C)  an isoline demarcating the extent of snow or ice on a weather map. 
D)  the lowest line (latitude or elevation) where winter snow accumulation persists throughout the summer.

Question 18

If two glaciers with lateral moraines join, a medial moraine may form.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Many western states rely heavily on snowmelt for their municipal water supplies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A glacier confined in a bowl-shaped recess is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  cirque glacier. 
B)  valley glacier. 
C)  piedmont glacier. 
D)  tidewater glacier. 
A)  cirque glacier. 
B)  valley glacier. 
C)  piedmont glacier. 
D)  tidewater glacier.

Worldwide, alpine glaciers are presently increasing in size and number.

The transformation of snow into glacial ice in Antarctica takes than in midlatitude alpine glaciers because .

Describe the importance of periglacial processes.

If a glacier does not have debris embedded in its base, it is not a very effective agent of abrasion.

Unfrozen ground in a region of discontinuous permafrost is known as

Solifluction is the downslope movement of soil particles resulting from freeze/thaw cycles.

Overall, the Arctic is much cooler than Antarctic.

Alpine glaciers eroding parallel valleys may produce thin, sharp ridge forms known as arête.

The zone of seasonally frozen ground that exists between the subsurface permafrost layer and the ground surface is called the

A class of landforms formed by the accumulation of glacial till are known as

Which of the following is not correct regarding the Pleistocene?

Calving leads to the formation of icebergs.

Drumlins and kettles are examples of alpine glacial landforms.

Vertical and horizontal movement caused by the expansion of freezing water are called

During a surge, a glacier moves up to 2 km/hr.

Most glaciers are stationary, moving at no more than several millimeters per year.

A snowline refers to

If two glaciers with lateral moraines join, a medial moraine may form.

Many western states rely heavily on snowmelt for their municipal water supplies.

A glacier confined in a bowl-shaped recess is known as a(n)

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 17: Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

Worldwide, alpine glaciers are presently increasing in size and number.

The transformation of snow into glacial ice in Antarctica takes ________ than in midlatitude alpine glaciers because ________.

Describe the importance of periglacial processes.

If a glacier does not have debris embedded in its base, it is not a very effective agent of abrasion.

Unfrozen ground in a region of discontinuous permafrost is known as

Solifluction is the downslope movement of soil particles resulting from freeze/thaw cycles.

Overall, the Arctic is much cooler than Antarctic.

Alpine glaciers eroding parallel valleys may produce thin, sharp ridge forms known as arête.

The zone of seasonally frozen ground that exists between the subsurface permafrost layer and the ground surface is called the

A class of landforms formed by the accumulation of glacial till are known as

Which of the following is not correct regarding the Pleistocene?

Calving leads to the formation of icebergs.

Drumlins and kettles are examples of alpine glacial landforms.

Vertical and horizontal movement caused by the expansion of freezing water are called

During a surge, a glacier moves up to 2 km/hr.

Most glaciers are stationary, moving at no more than several millimeters per year.

A snowline refers to

If two glaciers with lateral moraines join, a medial moraine may form.

Many western states rely heavily on snowmelt for their municipal water supplies.

A glacier confined in a bowl-shaped recess is known as a(n)

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

The transformation of snow into glacial ice in Antarctica takes than in midlatitude alpine glaciers because .