Question 1

Which of the following is not true about the troposphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  The altitude of the upper limits of the troposphere (the tropopause) varies with season and latitude. 
B)  Approximately 90% of the total mass of the atmosphere is within the troposphere. 
C)  Temperatures increase with altitudei n the troposphere because the higher in altitude, the closer to the sun. 
D)  The bulk of all water vapor occurs in the troposphere. 
A)  The altitude of the upper limits of the troposphere (the tropopause) varies with season and latitude. 
B)  Approximately 90% of the total mass of the atmosphere is within the troposphere. 
C)  Temperatures increase with altitudei n the troposphere because the higher in altitude, the closer to the sun. 
D)  The bulk of all water vapor occurs in the troposphere.

Question 2

The percentages of various gases in the atmosphere indicate that the composition of the atmosphere is controlled

Accepted Answer

A)  totally by the amount and type of gases given off during volcanic eruptions. 
B)  totally by the composition of comets and meteors that strike Earth. 
C)  to a significant extent by biological processes occurring on Earth. 
D)  exclusively by chemical reactions between sunlight and the gases in the atmosphere. 
A)  totally by the amount and type of gases given off during volcanic eruptions. 
B)  totally by the composition of comets and meteors that strike Earth. 
C)  to a significant extent by biological processes occurring on Earth. 
D)  exclusively by chemical reactions between sunlight and the gases in the atmosphere.

Question 3

Which country burns more coal and emits more CO₂ than any other country on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States 
B)  China 
C)  Germany 
D)  India 
A)  The United States 
B)  China 
C)  Germany 
D)  India

Question 4

Air pressure is produced through the motion, size, and number of air molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The atmosphere exerts an average force of approximately 1 kg/   (14.7 lbs/
   ) at sea level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs) in the lower troposphere

Accepted Answer

A)  are principally related to sulfur dioxides. 
B)  are formed by particulates such as dust, dirt, soot, and ash. 
C)  damages and kills plant tissue but does not appear to affect people. 
D)  are emitted from the tail pipes of automobiles; i.e., it comes directly from automobile exhaust. 
A)  are principally related to sulfur dioxides. 
B)  are formed by particulates such as dust, dirt, soot, and ash. 
C)  damages and kills plant tissue but does not appear to affect people. 
D)  are emitted from the tail pipes of automobiles; i.e., it comes directly from automobile exhaust.

Question 7

Based on function, the atmosphere has

Accepted Answer

A)  five regions beginning with the outermost thermosphere. 
B)  two functional areas that absorb radiation from the Sun. 
C)  one continuous region. 
D)  the troposphere and the stratosphere. 
A)  five regions beginning with the outermost thermosphere. 
B)  two functional areas that absorb radiation from the Sun. 
C)  one continuous region. 
D)  the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Question 8

Air consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  a mixture of gases that behaves as if it were a single gas. 
B)  gases that are not well mixed. 
C)  oxygen only. 
D)  mostly carbon dioxide and water vapor. 
A)  a mixture of gases that behaves as if it were a single gas. 
B)  gases that are not well mixed. 
C)  oxygen only. 
D)  mostly carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Question 9

The main ingredients in photochemical smog are

Accepted Answer

A)  ozone, PAN, and nitric acid. 
B)  PAN, nitric acid, and carbon monoxide. 
C)  ozone, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide. 
D)  PAN, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter. 
A)  ozone, PAN, and nitric acid. 
B)  PAN, nitric acid, and carbon monoxide. 
C)  ozone, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide. 
D)  PAN, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter.

Question 10

The tropopause altitude is highest ________ because of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  at the equator; intense heating from the surface 
B)  at the poles; diffuse solar radiation 
C)  during the summer; increased atmospheric pressure 
D)  during the winter; Sun's direct rays hitting the Tropic of Capricorn 
A)  at the equator; intense heating from the surface 
B)  at the poles; diffuse solar radiation 
C)  during the summer; increased atmospheric pressure 
D)  during the winter; Sun's direct rays hitting the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 11

Examine the effects of wind, landscape, and temperature inversion on air pollution.

Accepted Answer

Wind can transport air polluti

Question 12

List and describe at least five natural sources of air pollution, as well as the source and effects of at least eight human-generated air pollutants.

Accepted Answer

Natural: volcanoes, forest fir

Question 13

Why is normal precipitation always slightly acidic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precipitation dissolved carbon dioxide to form carbomic acid. 
B)  Nitrogen fixing bacteria form nitric acids which evaporate into the atmosphere. 
C)  Sulfur dioxide from volcanic explosions combines with water to form sulfuric acid. 
D)  Chlorine, in the presence of sunlight and hydrogen, is converted to hydrochloric acid. 
A)  Precipitation dissolved carbon dioxide to form carbomic acid. 
B)  Nitrogen fixing bacteria form nitric acids which evaporate into the atmosphere. 
C)  Sulfur dioxide from volcanic explosions combines with water to form sulfuric acid. 
D)  Chlorine, in the presence of sunlight and hydrogen, is converted to hydrochloric acid.

Question 14

The lower the pH of a liquid

Accepted Answer

A)  the more acidic it is. 
B)  the more basic (alkaline) it is. 
C)  the more neutral it is. 
D)  the more chemical reactive it is. 
A)  the more acidic it is. 
B)  the more basic (alkaline) it is. 
C)  the more neutral it is. 
D)  the more chemical reactive it is.

Question 15

The two most abundant gases in the atmosphere are

Accepted Answer

A)  water vapor and carbon dioxide. 
B)  nitrogen and water vapor. 
C)  nitrogen and oxygen. 
D)  oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
A)  water vapor and carbon dioxide. 
B)  nitrogen and water vapor. 
C)  nitrogen and oxygen. 
D)  oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 16

Why are temperature inversion noteworthy vis-à-vis air pollution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mesospheric conditions are replicated in the troposphere. 
B)  Vertical mixing of pollutants is halted, trapping the pollutants under the inversion layer. 
C)  Surface pollution is moderated by allowing surface air to mix with the air above. 
D)  Air pollution is completely inhibited from forming. 
A)  Mesospheric conditions are replicated in the troposphere. 
B)  Vertical mixing of pollutants is halted, trapping the pollutants under the inversion layer. 
C)  Surface pollution is moderated by allowing surface air to mix with the air above. 
D)  Air pollution is completely inhibited from forming.

Question 17

Temperature inversions occur

Accepted Answer

A)  when surface temperatures are higher than overlying layers of air. 
B)  when there is good air drainage and ventilation of the surface air. 
C)  when surface temperatures are lower than warmer overlying air. 
D)  during episodes of reduced air pollution. 
A)  when surface temperatures are higher than overlying layers of air. 
B)  when there is good air drainage and ventilation of the surface air. 
C)  when surface temperatures are lower than warmer overlying air. 
D)  during episodes of reduced air pollution.

Question 18

The normal lapse rate for temperature decreases is an average of 3°C per 1000 m.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The three stable (i.e., nonvariable) gases in the atmosphere, in order of abundance from most to least, are

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide, argon, oxygen. 
B)  oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon. 
C)  nitrogen, oxygen, argon. 
D)  oxygen, argon, nitrogen. 
A)  carbon dioxide, argon, oxygen. 
B)  oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon. 
C)  nitrogen, oxygen, argon. 
D)  oxygen, argon, nitrogen.

Question 20

What have been some of the significant achievements of the Clean Air Act?

Accepted Answer

Significant reductio

Which of the following is not true about the troposphere?

The percentages of various gases in the atmosphere indicate that the composition of the atmosphere is controlled

Which country burns more coal and emits more CO₂ than any other country on Earth?

Air pressure is produced through the motion, size, and number of air molecules.

The atmosphere exerts an average force of approximately 1 kg/ (14.7 lbs/ ) at sea level.

Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs) in the lower troposphere

Based on function, the atmosphere has

Air consists of

The main ingredients in photochemical smog are

The tropopause altitude is highest because of the .

Examine the effects of wind, landscape, and temperature inversion on air pollution.

List and describe at least five natural sources of air pollution, as well as the source and effects of at least eight human-generated air pollutants.

Why is normal precipitation always slightly acidic?

The lower the pH of a liquid

The two most abundant gases in the atmosphere are

Why are temperature inversion noteworthy vis-à-vis air pollution?

Temperature inversions occur

The normal lapse rate for temperature decreases is an average of 3°C per 1000 m.

The three stable (i.e., nonvariable) gases in the atmosphere, in order of abundance from most to least, are

What have been some of the significant achievements of the Clean Air Act?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 3: Earths Modern Atmosphere

Which of the following is not true about the troposphere?

The percentages of various gases in the atmosphere indicate that the composition of the atmosphere is controlled

Which country burns more coal and emits more CO₂ than any other country on Earth?

Air pressure is produced through the motion, size, and number of air molecules.

The atmosphere exerts an average force of approximately 1 kg/ (14.7 lbs/ ) at sea level.

Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs) in the lower troposphere

Based on function, the atmosphere has

Air consists of

The main ingredients in photochemical smog are

The tropopause altitude is highest ________ because of the ________.

Examine the effects of wind, landscape, and temperature inversion on air pollution.

List and describe at least five natural sources of air pollution, as well as the source and effects of at least eight human-generated air pollutants.

Why is normal precipitation always slightly acidic?

The lower the pH of a liquid

The two most abundant gases in the atmosphere are

Why are temperature inversion noteworthy vis-à-vis air pollution?

Temperature inversions occur

The normal lapse rate for temperature decreases is an average of 3°C per 1000 m.

The three stable (i.e., nonvariable) gases in the atmosphere, in order of abundance from most to least, are

What have been some of the significant achievements of the Clean Air Act?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

The tropopause altitude is highest because of the .