Question 1

Most phenomena in nursing would be considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  multicausal. 
B)  physical. 
C)  simple. 
D)  unique. 
A)  multicausal. 
B)  physical. 
C)  simple. 
D)  unique.

Question 2

When a researcher defines the variables in a study both conceptually and operationally, selects instruments with good validity, and attempts to make the data collection procedures the same for all subjects, what is the goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Achieve a high correlation coefficient. 
B)  Create a high degree of reliability. 
C)  Describe the setting for a study. 
D)  Protect against bias. 
A)  Achieve a high correlation coefficient. 
B)  Create a high degree of reliability. 
C)  Describe the setting for a study. 
D)  Protect against bias.

Question 3

A researcher reports that a study exploring adolescent behavior has predicted that adolescents will follow the advice of an instructor he or she will see on an individual basis more than any other category of adult. Which term or word denotes that this study is not a typical descriptive design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Category 
B)  Exploring 
C)  More 
D)  Predicted 
A)  Category 
B)  Exploring 
C)  More 
D)  Predicted

Question 4

A researcher wonders where, geographically, the highest incidence of home births occurs and what type of care the mothers who deliver at home have. Additional questions include how old these mothers are, whether or not they tend to be married, and what kind of complications are encountered. What type of study design would this researcher select to best answer these questions? A ___________ design:

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational 
B)  descriptive 
C)  qualitative 
D)  quasi-experimental 
A)  correlational 
B)  descriptive 
C)  qualitative 
D)  quasi-experimental

Question 5

The term "internal validity" refers to the degree to which the:

Accepted Answer

A)  groups in the sample were equivalent before beginning the study. 
B)  independent variable can be interpreted as being responsible for the effects on the dependent variable. 
C)  researchers followed the design they selected for the study. 
D)  results of the study can be generalized to groups other than the one in the study. 
A)  groups in the sample were equivalent before beginning the study. 
B)  independent variable can be interpreted as being responsible for the effects on the dependent variable. 
C)  researchers followed the design they selected for the study. 
D)  results of the study can be generalized to groups other than the one in the study.

Question 6

A research design is best described as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  blueprint for conducting the study. 
B)  mechanism to guarantee validity of study findings. 
C)  methodology used only in quantitative studies. 
D)  model showing two or more concepts and their proposed relationships. 
A)  blueprint for conducting the study. 
B)  mechanism to guarantee validity of study findings. 
C)  methodology used only in quantitative studies. 
D)  model showing two or more concepts and their proposed relationships.

Question 7

A hypothesized causal model has been proposed. How would another researcher go about testing the model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Examine each variable one by one. 
B)  Identify all paths expressing relationships between concepts. 
C)  Recruit a small homogenous group to control for most variables. 
D)  Use a convenience sample to ensure enough subjects. 
A)  Examine each variable one by one. 
B)  Identify all paths expressing relationships between concepts. 
C)  Recruit a small homogenous group to control for most variables. 
D)  Use a convenience sample to ensure enough subjects.

Question 8

In critiquing a comparative descriptive study design, which of the following would be cited as a deficit of a study? The:

Accepted Answer

A)  instrument used in the study was created by the researcher specifically for the project. 
B)  literature search was not long enough; it included only six references. 
C)  researcher did not say what theory or conceptual model provided the foundation for the study. 
D)  study used two groups that were not randomly assigned. 
A)  instrument used in the study was created by the researcher specifically for the project. 
B)  literature search was not long enough; it included only six references. 
C)  researcher did not say what theory or conceptual model provided the foundation for the study. 
D)  study used two groups that were not randomly assigned.

Question 9

Which of the following must be present in experimental research?

Accepted Answer

A)  A comparison group made up of different subjects 
B)  Convenience sample of subjects from the population 
C)  Matching of subjects on demographic characteristics 
D)  Random assignment of subjects to groups 
A)  A comparison group made up of different subjects 
B)  Convenience sample of subjects from the population 
C)  Matching of subjects on demographic characteristics 
D)  Random assignment of subjects to groups

Question 10

Which of the following is a necessary component of experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attrition 
B)  Comparison of naturally occurring groups 
C)  Convenience sample 
D)  Manipulation of the independent variable 
A)  Attrition 
B)  Comparison of naturally occurring groups 
C)  Convenience sample 
D)  Manipulation of the independent variable

Question 11

A well documented case study detailed the experience of caring for an autistic child and suggested some very credible ways to intervene into the child's world. A nurse reading the report thinks this intervention will work with other children. Which of the following would be the best way to make the intervention evidence-based practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Copy the article and distribute it to co-workers. 
B)  Develop a research project using the intervention. 
C)  Replicate the study in another facility. 
D)  Write a letter to the editor praising the work. 
A)  Copy the article and distribute it to co-workers. 
B)  Develop a research project using the intervention. 
C)  Replicate the study in another facility. 
D)  Write a letter to the editor praising the work.

Question 12

A problem for nurses conducting quasi-experimental or experimental research is that many times a patient cannot ethically be left without a treatment. What is the best solution for this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Control for the situation statistically. 
B)  Create placebo treatments. 
C)  Ensure all patients receive the standard of care. 
D)  Use other research designs as often as possible. 
A)  Control for the situation statistically. 
B)  Create placebo treatments. 
C)  Ensure all patients receive the standard of care. 
D)  Use other research designs as often as possible.

Question 13

At the beginning and end of a 10-week exercise program the subjects have their lung vital capacity measured by the researchers. The readings are plotted on a graph and then the results are recorded. Which of the following can pose a threat to the internal validity in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Instrumentation 
B)  Selection 
C)  Setting 
D)  Testing 
A)  Instrumentation 
B)  Selection 
C)  Setting 
D)  Testing

Most phenomena in nursing would be considered:

When a researcher defines the variables in a study both conceptually and operationally, selects instruments with good validity, and attempts to make the data collection procedures the same for all subjects, what is the goal?

A researcher reports that a study exploring adolescent behavior has predicted that adolescents will follow the advice of an instructor he or she will see on an individual basis more than any other category of adult. Which term or word denotes that this study is not a typical descriptive design?

The term "internal validity" refers to the degree to which the:

A research design is best described as a:

A hypothesized causal model has been proposed. How would another researcher go about testing the model?

In critiquing a comparative descriptive study design, which of the following would be cited as a deficit of a study? The:

Which of the following must be present in experimental research?

Which of the following is a necessary component of experimental design?

A problem for nurses conducting quasi-experimental or experimental research is that many times a patient cannot ethically be left without a treatment. What is the best solution for this problem?

At the beginning and end of a 10-week exercise program the subjects have their lung vital capacity measured by the researchers. The readings are plotted on a graph and then the results are recorded. Which of the following can pose a threat to the internal validity in this study?

Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process

Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process

Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies

Understanding Theory and Research Frameworks

Examining Populations and Samples in Research

Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research

Understanding Statistics in Research

Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice

Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice

Introduction to Outcomes Research

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Exam 8: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs

Most phenomena in nursing would be considered:

When a researcher defines the variables in a study both conceptually and operationally, selects instruments with good validity, and attempts to make the data collection procedures the same for all subjects, what is the goal?

A researcher reports that a study exploring adolescent behavior has predicted that adolescents will follow the advice of an instructor he or she will see on an individual basis more than any other category of adult. Which term or word denotes that this study is not a typical descriptive design?

The term "internal validity" refers to the degree to which the:

A research design is best described as a:

A hypothesized causal model has been proposed. How would another researcher go about testing the model?

In critiquing a comparative descriptive study design, which of the following would be cited as a deficit of a study? The:

Which of the following must be present in experimental research?

Which of the following is a necessary component of experimental design?

A problem for nurses conducting quasi-experimental or experimental research is that many times a patient cannot ethically be left without a treatment. What is the best solution for this problem?

At the beginning and end of a 10-week exercise program the subjects have their lung vital capacity measured by the researchers. The readings are plotted on a graph and then the results are recorded. Which of the following can pose a threat to the internal validity in this study?

Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process

Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process

Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies

Understanding Theory and Research Frameworks

Examining Populations and Samples in Research

Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research

Understanding Statistics in Research

Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice

Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice

Introduction to Outcomes Research

Filters