Question 1

Schematic models or maps represent reality with a minimum use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  arrows. 
B)  boxes. 
C)  symbols (+, -, ?, etc.). 
D)  words. 
A)  arrows. 
B)  boxes. 
C)  symbols (+, -, ?, etc.). 
D)  words. D

Question 2

Which of the following techniques can a reviewer use for assistance when critiquing a published study in the area of theory and research frameworks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Develop an expertise in a particular statistical method to improve analysis ability. 
B)  Creating a conceptual map of the concepts as described in the study. 
C)  Reading other research reports to familiarize oneself with the concepts being studied. 
D)  Writing a well thought-out and well-written study. 
A)  Develop an expertise in a particular statistical method to improve analysis ability. 
B)  Creating a conceptual map of the concepts as described in the study. 
C)  Reading other research reports to familiarize oneself with the concepts being studied. 
D)  Writing a well thought-out and well-written study. B

Question 3

When critiquing a study, the following statement is noted: "Women will experience less anxiety while undergoing a mammogram after the proposed educational program." Which type of statement is it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothesis 
B)  Proposition 
C)  Relational statement 
D)  Theoretical statement 
A)  Hypothesis 
B)  Proposition 
C)  Relational statement 
D)  Theoretical statement A

Question 4

Which of the following responses best describes the relational statement that is diagrammed below? Pain perception ¬ (+)  anxiety

Accepted Answer

A)  Anxiety causes increased pain perception. 
B)  Increased perception of pain causes anxiety. 
C)  Pain perception and anxiety are inversely related. 
D)  Pain perception and anxiety are positively related to one another. 
A)  Anxiety causes increased pain perception. 
B)  Increased perception of pain causes anxiety. 
C)  Pain perception and anxiety are inversely related. 
D)  Pain perception and anxiety are positively related to one another.

Question 5

Which of the following represents the most concrete term?

Accepted Answer

A)  Concept 
B)  Construct 
C)  Framework 
D)  Variable 
A)  Concept 
B)  Construct 
C)  Framework 
D)  Variable

Question 6

Select the correct pair of terms to make the statement congruent with the following map. Attitudes of practicing nurses toward HIV-positive patients (+) care behavior
As attitudes of practicing nurses become more (positive or negative), their care behavior toward patients (increases or decreases).

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative, decreases 
B)  Negative, increases 
C)  Positive, decreases 
D)  Positive, increases 
A)  Negative, decreases 
B)  Negative, increases 
C)  Positive, decreases 
D)  Positive, increases

Question 7

Critiquing a framework that includes both a conceptual model and a theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)  complex because definitions are required for both constructs and concepts. 
B)  made easier because both are interwoven within the study. 
C)  not likely to happen because the situation never occurs in nursing research. 
D)  something only an advanced researcher should attempt. 
A)  complex because definitions are required for both constructs and concepts. 
B)  made easier because both are interwoven within the study. 
C)  not likely to happen because the situation never occurs in nursing research. 
D)  something only an advanced researcher should attempt.

Question 8

A study framework reflects the:

Accepted Answer

A)  blueprint for the study. 
B)  data analysis strategy. 
C)  researcher's "theory" or idea about the study. 
D)  specific plan for data collection. 
A)  blueprint for the study. 
B)  data analysis strategy. 
C)  researcher's "theory" or idea about the study. 
D)  specific plan for data collection.

Question 9

What is the best skill to use in distinguishing statements expressed as propositions from hypotheses?

Accepted Answer

A)  A checklist created from the details of the study 
B)  A list of questions that can identify one from the other 
C)  The precise definitions of each kind of statement 
D)  Use of critical thinking 
A)  A checklist created from the details of the study 
B)  A list of questions that can identify one from the other 
C)  The precise definitions of each kind of statement 
D)  Use of critical thinking

Question 10

A researcher theorizes that walking three times per week will minimize the likelihood of premature labor in at-risk pregnant women. The researcher initiates a research program to test this theory. This research study is attempting to validate what aspect of theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development 
B)  Explanation 
C)  Prediction 
D)  Strategies for controlling outcomes 
A)  Development 
B)  Explanation 
C)  Prediction 
D)  Strategies for controlling outcomes

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding the connection of theory to qualitative research? Qualitative research:

Accepted Answer

A)  can guide or be derived from theory. 
B)  cannot generate grand theories due to lack of statistics. 
C)  is based on middle range theories. 
D)  leads only to practice model and conceptual frameworks. 
A)  can guide or be derived from theory. 
B)  cannot generate grand theories due to lack of statistics. 
C)  is based on middle range theories. 
D)  leads only to practice model and conceptual frameworks.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the relationship between a study framework and the hypotheses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypotheses are inductively identified within the stated framework. 
B)  If the hypotheses are stated, the researcher does not need to have a framework. 
C)  The hypotheses are not meant to be testable, but the framework is. 
D)  The framework and hypotheses must be congruent with each other. 
A)  Hypotheses are inductively identified within the stated framework. 
B)  If the hypotheses are stated, the researcher does not need to have a framework. 
C)  The hypotheses are not meant to be testable, but the framework is. 
D)  The framework and hypotheses must be congruent with each other.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a theory from a physiological background that is used by nurses as a framework for nursing studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gate control theory of pain 
B)  Health promotion model 
C)  Social cognitive theory 
D)  Theory of coping 
A)  Gate control theory of pain 
B)  Health promotion model 
C)  Social cognitive theory 
D)  Theory of coping

Question 14

The framework and conceptual map for a study:

Accepted Answer

A)  are always included in the study report. 
B)  are usually clearly identified in the report. 
C)  often must be inferred by the reader from the text of the report. 
D)  should be referred to only at the end of the study. 
A)  are always included in the study report. 
B)  are usually clearly identified in the report. 
C)  often must be inferred by the reader from the text of the report. 
D)  should be referred to only at the end of the study.

Question 15

"Abstract" is defined in research as:

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete and specific. 
B)  not well defined and general. 
C)  particular and realistic. 
D)  well defined and precise. 
A)  concrete and specific. 
B)  not well defined and general. 
C)  particular and realistic. 
D)  well defined and precise.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about theoretical frameworks used in research? Theories:

Accepted Answer

A)  are constructed by people and are tentative in nature. 
B)  offer precise guidance in all situations. 
C)  represent ultimate truth and are congruent with reality. 
D)  Represent ultimate truth and are congruent with reality. 
A)  are constructed by people and are tentative in nature. 
B)  offer precise guidance in all situations. 
C)  represent ultimate truth and are congruent with reality. 
D)  Represent ultimate truth and are congruent with reality.

Question 17

Which relationship diagram below best represents the following hypothesis? "Conventional gauze dressings cause fewer skin changes in wound sites than do
Hydrocolloid or hydroactive dressings."

Accepted Answer

A)  Gauze dressing  skin changes 
B)  Gauze dressing  wound site 
C)  Type of dressing  skin changes 
D)  Type of dressing  wound site 
A)  Gauze dressing  skin changes 
B)  Gauze dressing  wound site 
C)  Type of dressing  skin changes 
D)  Type of dressing  wound site

Question 18

Which of the following links most closely to middle range theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Basic research 
B)  Clinical practice 
C)  Conceptual models 
D)  Grand theories 
A)  Basic research 
B)  Clinical practice 
C)  Conceptual models 
D)  Grand theories

Question 19

Which of the following questions should a reviewer ask when critiquing a study's framework?

Accepted Answer

A)  How are the concepts defined? 
B)  What level of measurement are the variables? 
C)  What measurement methods are used in the study? 
D)  What statistical package will be used for analysis? 
A)  How are the concepts defined? 
B)  What level of measurement are the variables? 
C)  What measurement methods are used in the study? 
D)  What statistical package will be used for analysis?

Question 20

Conceptual definitions are important to include in a research report because conceptual definitions:

Accepted Answer

A)  may differ in their meaning of terms depending on the study framework. 
B)  provide a dictionary definition that can be understood by everyone. 
C)  suggest how to precisely measure the variables of interest. 
D)  tell others how the concept will be measured in the study. 
A)  may differ in their meaning of terms depending on the study framework. 
B)  provide a dictionary definition that can be understood by everyone. 
C)  suggest how to precisely measure the variables of interest. 
D)  tell others how the concept will be measured in the study.

Schematic models or maps represent reality with a minimum use of:

Which of the following techniques can a reviewer use for assistance when critiquing a published study in the area of theory and research frameworks?

When critiquing a study, the following statement is noted: "Women will experience less anxiety while undergoing a mammogram after the proposed educational program." Which type of statement is it?

Which of the following responses best describes the relational statement that is diagrammed below? Pain perception ¬ (+) anxiety

Which of the following represents the most concrete term?

Select the correct pair of terms to make the statement congruent with the following map. Attitudes of practicing nurses toward HIV-positive patients (+) care behavior As attitudes of practicing nurses become more (positive or negative), their care behavior toward patients (increases or decreases).

Critiquing a framework that includes both a conceptual model and a theory is:

A study framework reflects the:

What is the best skill to use in distinguishing statements expressed as propositions from hypotheses?

A researcher theorizes that walking three times per week will minimize the likelihood of premature labor in at-risk pregnant women. The researcher initiates a research program to test this theory. This research study is attempting to validate what aspect of theory?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the connection of theory to qualitative research? Qualitative research:

Which of the following is true about the relationship between a study framework and the hypotheses?

Which of the following is an example of a theory from a physiological background that is used by nurses as a framework for nursing studies?

The framework and conceptual map for a study:

"Abstract" is defined in research as:

Which of the following is true about theoretical frameworks used in research? Theories:

Which relationship diagram below best represents the following hypothesis? "Conventional gauze dressings cause fewer skin changes in wound sites than do Hydrocolloid or hydroactive dressings."

Which of the following links most closely to middle range theory?

Which of the following questions should a reviewer ask when critiquing a study's framework?

Conceptual definitions are important to include in a research report because conceptual definitions:

Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process

Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process

Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies

Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs

Examining Populations and Samples in Research

Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research

Understanding Statistics in Research

Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice

Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice

Introduction to Outcomes Research

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Exam 7: Understanding Theory and Research Frameworks

Schematic models or maps represent reality with a minimum use of:

Which of the following techniques can a reviewer use for assistance when critiquing a published study in the area of theory and research frameworks?

When critiquing a study, the following statement is noted: "Women will experience less anxiety while undergoing a mammogram after the proposed educational program." Which type of statement is it?

Which of the following responses best describes the relational statement that is diagrammed below? Pain perception ¬ (+) anxiety

Which of the following represents the most concrete term?

Select the correct pair of terms to make the statement congruent with the following map. Attitudes of practicing nurses toward HIV-positive patients (+) care behavior As attitudes of practicing nurses become more (positive or negative), their care behavior toward patients (increases or decreases).

Critiquing a framework that includes both a conceptual model and a theory is:

A study framework reflects the:

What is the best skill to use in distinguishing statements expressed as propositions from hypotheses?

A researcher theorizes that walking three times per week will minimize the likelihood of premature labor in at-risk pregnant women. The researcher initiates a research program to test this theory. This research study is attempting to validate what aspect of theory?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the connection of theory to qualitative research? Qualitative research:

Which of the following is true about the relationship between a study framework and the hypotheses?

Which of the following is an example of a theory from a physiological background that is used by nurses as a framework for nursing studies?

The framework and conceptual map for a study:

"Abstract" is defined in research as:

Which of the following is true about theoretical frameworks used in research? Theories:

Which relationship diagram below best represents the following hypothesis? "Conventional gauze dressings cause fewer skin changes in wound sites than do Hydrocolloid or hydroactive dressings."

Which of the following links most closely to middle range theory?

Which of the following questions should a reviewer ask when critiquing a study's framework?

Conceptual definitions are important to include in a research report because conceptual definitions:

Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process

Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process

Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies

Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs

Examining Populations and Samples in Research

Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research

Understanding Statistics in Research

Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice

Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice

Introduction to Outcomes Research

Filters