Exam 11: Sex and Gender

Sex refers to the culturally and socially constructed differences between females and males found in the meanings,beliefs,and practices associated with "femininity" and "masculinity."

Virtually everything social in our lives is gendered: people continually distinguish between males and females and evaluate them differently.Gender is an integral part of the daily experience of both women and men.

A gendered experience,__________ is the process of deliberately cultivating an increase in the mass and strength of the skeletal muscles by means of lifting and pushing weights.

Compare the human capital model (neoclassical economic perspective) with the feminist perspectives on gender stratification.

Explain the process of gender socialization and identify specific ways in which parents contribute to the process.

Both men and women can be victimized by sexism.

Sex is not always clear-cut.A(n) ___________ is an individual who is born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that does not correspond to typical definitions of male or female; in other words,the person's sexual differentiation is ambiguous.

Sexism directed at women has three components.All of the following were identified EXCEPT for:

Researchers consistently find that teachers:

__________ refer(s) to an individual's preference for emotional-sexual relationships with members of the opposite sex (heterosexuality),the same sex (homosexuality),or both (bisexuality).

At puberty,an increased production of hormones results in the development of __________,the physical traits (other than reproductive organs) that identify an individual's sex.

In relation to sexual orientation,differentiate between heterosexuality,homosexuality,and bisexuality.Discuss what criteria social scientists use to classify individuals.

Some people may be genetically of one sex but have a gender identity Of the other.This is true for a ___________ person - an individual whose gender identity does match the person's assigned sex.

When inadequate moisture in an area makes planting crops impossible,__________-the domestication of large animals to provide food-develops.

Gender identity is a person's perception of the self as a female or male.

Across cultures,girls are preferred to boys,especially when the number of children that parents can have is limited by law or economic conditions.

Body consciousness is how a person perceives and feels about his or her body; it also includes an awareness of social conditions in society that contribute to this self-knowledge.

Describe the process of gender socialization and identify specific ways in which teachers and schools contribute to the process.

In the United States,men were responsible for being "breadwinners"; the women were seen as "homemakers." In this new __________,the home became a private,personal sphere in which women created a haven for the family.

Describe how we learn gender-appropriate behavior through the socialization process.