Question 1

How do multistore models account for cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in the size of the psychological structure and/or an increase in the employment proficiency of control processes 
B)  A decrease in the amount of energy expended on the psychological structures,which allowis more energy for the finite resources 
C)  A change from the limited,finite structures that a person is born with to the multidimensional system characteristic of adulthood 
D)  A fluid and gradual shift from the use of the central executive to a heavy reliance on the functions of long-term memory 
A)  An increase in the size of the psychological structure and/or an increase in the employment proficiency of control processes 
B)  A decrease in the amount of energy expended on the psychological structures,which allowis more energy for the finite resources 
C)  A change from the limited,finite structures that a person is born with to the multidimensional system characteristic of adulthood 
D)  A fluid and gradual shift from the use of the central executive to a heavy reliance on the functions of long-term memory

Question 2

As children become more confident about their approach,they are more likely to ________ when solving addition problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  use memory as opposed to finger counting 
B)  use variability combined with experience 
C)  use single approach strategies 
D)  use finger counting with inner speech 
A)  use memory as opposed to finger counting 
B)  use variability combined with experience 
C)  use single approach strategies 
D)  use finger counting with inner speech

Question 3

Jennifer prefers to classify objects on the basis of some abstract principle.Jennifer classifies objects thematically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Sasha is twelve.She is more likely to make a judgment based on ________ than ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  social cues;stereotypes 
B)  probability;social cues 
C)  probability;stereotypes 
D)  stereotypes;probability 
A)  social cues;stereotypes 
B)  probability;social cues 
C)  probability;stereotypes 
D)  stereotypes;probability

Question 5

Angela was watching her favorite cartoon one morning when her favorite character stacked a bunch of boxes one on top of the other to build a stepladder so she could reach a toy on a high shelf.Later,Angela wanted a cookie that her mother had placed in a high cabinet,so she built a makeshift ladder from two boxes.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  planning. 
B)  transferring. 
C)  representing. 
D)  inferring. 
A)  planning. 
B)  transferring. 
C)  representing. 
D)  inferring.

Question 6

In Siegler's work on children's use of strategies in solving addition problems,he found that children

Accepted Answer

A)  always rely on the same strategy. 
B)  do not use any reliable strategies until the second grade. 
C)  use inappropriate strategies more often than appropriate ones. 
D)  often rely on more than one strategy. 
A)  always rely on the same strategy. 
B)  do not use any reliable strategies until the second grade. 
C)  use inappropriate strategies more often than appropriate ones. 
D)  often rely on more than one strategy.

Question 7

Dynamic systems theory emphasizes the coupling of several systems as a child encounters problems and tasks in the world.It is the overlapping integrations of these systems are what account for development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Recent research on numerical concepts in infants has found that young children

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot tell the difference between smaller and larger numbers. 
B)  cannot make a one-to-one correspondence between two small sets of objects. 
C)  do not show any evidence of manipulating and understanding numbers. 
D)  show some evidence for simple manipulations and relative relationships among smaller and larger numbers. 
A)  cannot tell the difference between smaller and larger numbers. 
B)  cannot make a one-to-one correspondence between two small sets of objects. 
C)  do not show any evidence of manipulating and understanding numbers. 
D)  show some evidence for simple manipulations and relative relationships among smaller and larger numbers.

Question 9

Explain the three types of environmental cues children use to orient themselves.What do children do when there are no environmental cues?

Accepted Answer

Children use landmarks,the physical loca

Question 10

Attention is a critical phase in cognitive processing.How does attention develop? What factors are linked to its development? Why are older children better able than younger children to control their attention?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary,but should m

Question 11

Memory that holds information for extended periods of time is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the sensory register. 
B)  the memory register. 
C)  long-term memory. 
D)  functional memory. 
A)  the sensory register. 
B)  the memory register. 
C)  long-term memory. 
D)  functional memory.

Question 12

Children seem to have a good grasp of more advanced numerical concepts,such as fractions,by age

Accepted Answer

A)  one. 
B)  four. 
C)  six. 
D)  eight. 
A)  one. 
B)  four. 
C)  six. 
D)  eight.

Question 13

To see what her infant son could remember,Soleil showed him the same toy over and over again.After he had habituated,Soleil began to hold up the old toy with a new one next to it,and her son looked longer at the new toy.Soleil can conclude that her son

Accepted Answer

A)  had a memory for the old toy. 
B)  had a preference for the old toy. 
C)  had no memory for the old toy. 
D)  probably just preferred the color of the new toy. 
A)  had a memory for the old toy. 
B)  had a preference for the old toy. 
C)  had no memory for the old toy. 
D)  probably just preferred the color of the new toy.

Question 14

What is attention span? Why does it increase with age?

Accepted Answer

Attention span is the ability to sustain

Question 15

Limited-resource models suggest that what changes during development is

Accepted Answer

A)  the size of the psychological structures. 
B)  the proficiency in employing control processes. 
C)  the capacity of working memory. 
D)  the efficiency of information processing. 
A)  the size of the psychological structures. 
B)  the proficiency in employing control processes. 
C)  the capacity of working memory. 
D)  the efficiency of information processing.

Question 16

Which of the following is the most basic ability needed for problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transferring skills 
B)  Mathematical skills 
C)  Representation 
D)  Reading ability 
A)  Transferring skills 
B)  Mathematical skills 
C)  Representation 
D)  Reading ability

Question 17

________ proposes that young infants possess innate knowledge concerning many important aspects of the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vgotsky's theory 
B)  Information-processing theory 
C)  Core knowledge theory 
D)  Dynamic systems theory 
A)  Vgotsky's theory 
B)  Information-processing theory 
C)  Core knowledge theory 
D)  Dynamic systems theory

Question 18

If a child knows that she has not studied enough to do well on tomorrow's spelling test,what cognitive ability does this knowledge reflect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attention 
B)  Metamemory 
C)  Conceptual knowledge 
D)  Domain-specific knowledge 
A)  Attention 
B)  Metamemory 
C)  Conceptual knowledge 
D)  Domain-specific knowledge

Question 19

Explain the judgment bias.What age group does this bias apply to?

Accepted Answer

The judgment bias is the tende

Question 20

Marquis is sorting animals into their "ideal" homes.Marquis puts a bird with a nest,a cow with a barn,and a chicken with an egg.Marquis's classifications are based on

Accepted Answer

A)  taxonomic criteria. 
B)  superordinate relationships. 
C)  thematic relations. 
D)  perceptual similarity. 
A)  taxonomic criteria. 
B)  superordinate relationships. 
C)  thematic relations. 
D)  perceptual similarity.

How do multistore models account for cognitive development?

As children become more confident about their approach,they are more likely to ________ when solving addition problems.

Jennifer prefers to classify objects on the basis of some abstract principle.Jennifer classifies objects thematically.

Sasha is twelve.She is more likely to make a judgment based on than .

In Siegler's work on children's use of strategies in solving addition problems,he found that children

Dynamic systems theory emphasizes the coupling of several systems as a child encounters problems and tasks in the world.It is the overlapping integrations of these systems are what account for development.

Recent research on numerical concepts in infants has found that young children

Explain the three types of environmental cues children use to orient themselves.What do children do when there are no environmental cues?

Attention is a critical phase in cognitive processing.How does attention develop? What factors are linked to its development? Why are older children better able than younger children to control their attention?

Memory that holds information for extended periods of time is called

Children seem to have a good grasp of more advanced numerical concepts,such as fractions,by age

To see what her infant son could remember,Soleil showed him the same toy over and over again.After he had habituated,Soleil began to hold up the old toy with a new one next to it,and her son looked longer at the new toy.Soleil can conclude that her son

What is attention span? Why does it increase with age?

Limited-resource models suggest that what changes during development is

Which of the following is the most basic ability needed for problem solving?

________ proposes that young infants possess innate knowledge concerning many important aspects of the world.

If a child knows that she has not studied enough to do well on tomorrow's spelling test,what cognitive ability does this knowledge reflect?

Explain the judgment bias.What age group does this bias apply to?

Marquis is sorting animals into their "ideal" homes.Marquis puts a bird with a nest,a cow with a barn,and a chicken with an egg.Marquis's classifications are based on

Themes and Theories

Studying Child Development

Genetics and Heredity

The Prenatal Period and Birth

Brain, Motor Skill, and Physical Development

Basic Learning and Perception

Language

Social Cognition

Achievement

Emotion

Self and Values

Gender

The Family

Peers

Beyond Family and Peers

Filters

Exam 8: Cognition

How do multistore models account for cognitive development?

As children become more confident about their approach,they are more likely to ________ when solving addition problems.

Jennifer prefers to classify objects on the basis of some abstract principle.Jennifer classifies objects thematically.

Sasha is twelve.She is more likely to make a judgment based on ________ than ________.

In Siegler's work on children's use of strategies in solving addition problems,he found that children

Dynamic systems theory emphasizes the coupling of several systems as a child encounters problems and tasks in the world.It is the overlapping integrations of these systems are what account for development.

Recent research on numerical concepts in infants has found that young children

Explain the three types of environmental cues children use to orient themselves.What do children do when there are no environmental cues?

Attention is a critical phase in cognitive processing.How does attention develop? What factors are linked to its development? Why are older children better able than younger children to control their attention?

Memory that holds information for extended periods of time is called

Children seem to have a good grasp of more advanced numerical concepts,such as fractions,by age

To see what her infant son could remember,Soleil showed him the same toy over and over again.After he had habituated,Soleil began to hold up the old toy with a new one next to it,and her son looked longer at the new toy.Soleil can conclude that her son

What is attention span? Why does it increase with age?

Limited-resource models suggest that what changes during development is

Which of the following is the most basic ability needed for problem solving?

________ proposes that young infants possess innate knowledge concerning many important aspects of the world.

If a child knows that she has not studied enough to do well on tomorrow's spelling test,what cognitive ability does this knowledge reflect?

Explain the judgment bias.What age group does this bias apply to?

Marquis is sorting animals into their "ideal" homes.Marquis puts a bird with a nest,a cow with a barn,and a chicken with an egg.Marquis's classifications are based on

Themes and Theories

Studying Child Development

Genetics and Heredity

The Prenatal Period and Birth

Brain, Motor Skill, and Physical Development

Basic Learning and Perception

Language

Social Cognition

Achievement

Emotion

Self and Values

Gender

The Family

Peers

Beyond Family and Peers

Filters

Sasha is twelve.She is more likely to make a judgment based on than .