Exam 14: Olfaction

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If somebody wears the same perfume or cologne every day, they may start to put on more and more after several weeks because it doesn't smell as strongly to them as it used to. This is due to

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The _______ is the blueberry-sized extension of the brain, just above the nose, where olfactory information is first processed.

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Each olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) converges onto two

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_______ form part of the deepest layer of cells in the olfactory bulb. Each of these cells responds only to a few specific odorants.

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Which of the following is the translation of a chemical stimulus into a smell sensation?

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_______ olfaction refers to sniffing in and perceiving odors through the nostrils, while _______ olfaction refers to perceiving odors through the mouth while chewing.

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What are pheromones and chemosignals?

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Why is olfaction unique among all of the senses in terms of its neural wiring?

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Contrary to vision and audition, odor _______ is not possible in olfaction.

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This odor is created when at least 30 odorants of equal intensity that span olfactory physiochemical and psychological (perceptual) space are mixed. The resultant odor percept is the same as every other mixture of 30 odorants meeting the span and equivalent intensity criteria, even though the various mixtures do not share any common odorants.

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The _______ phenomenon is the inability to name an odorant, even though it is very familiar.

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_______ are the first layer of cells surrounding the glomeruli. They are a mixture of excitatory and inhibitory cells and respond to a wide range of odorants.

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_______ are the precursor cells to olfactory sensory neurons.

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The _______ occurs when women who live in close proximity to one another begin to have menstrual cycles that coincide over time.

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While all mammals appear to have pretty much the same set of olfactory receptor genes, some genes in each species are _______ and are not expressed.

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Suppose you enter a hair salon and the smell of the hair dyes and other chemicals is very strong and distinctive at first. However, after a few minutes you no longer smell those chemicals. What process is responsible for this phenomenon?

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_______ is the reduction in detection of one odorant following exposure to another odorant.

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Describe two psychophysical methods for measuring olfactory detection and discrimination.

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What is anosmia?

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Which of the following is a neural structure located behind the main olfactory bulb?

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