Exam 2: Establishing the Terms of the Debate Over Media: The First Trend in Mass Communication Theorymass Society and Propaganda Theories

The first extensive use of mass media to disseminate propaganda occurred ______.

Freudianism suggests that propagandists target people _______ for maximum effect.

Critical theorists rebut the charge that because most journalists are liberal the media themselves must also be liberal by pointing to the fact that ___________.

Propagandists typically hold elitist and paternalistic views about their audiences.

Today 4 companies control 90% of the media content consumed by Americans, a dramatic example of ___________.

Ferdinand Tönnies' name for modern industrial society is gemeinschaft.

Grey propaganda is the spreading of false information about opposition groups and their objectives, often concealing its source so it can't be traced to the propagandist.

Harold Lasswell's propaganda theory is __________.

Behaviorism assumes that ____________.

Émile Durkheim compared traditional folk communities to machines in which people were little more than cogs. As such, he said they were ____________.

Mass society theorists believed that media could act independently of all the other things influencing people in their daily lives. This is the _________ assumption.

Mass society theorists believed that the social chaos initiated by media would best be resolved by establishment of serious study of media effects.

Propaganda commanded the attention of early media theorists because it threatened to undermine the foundation of the U.S. political system and of democratic governments everywhere.

Propaganda theorists like Harold Lasswell were generally ____.

Émile Durkheim believed that traditional folk communities were bound by organic solidarity.

Fake news is any news that an elite disagrees with, regardless of its accuracy.

Because one essential argument of mass society theory was that media subvert and disrupt the existing social order, fierce debate broke out over who should be trusted control media.

When propaganda theory was originally developed, its beneficial use was known as the engineering of consent.

Ferdinand Tönnies distinguished between earlier forms of social organization and European society as it existed in the late nineteenth century. He labeled those bound by strong ties of family, by tradition, and by rigid social roles ________.

Mass society theory is actually many different theories sharing some common assumptions about the role of media and society.