Question 1

Compared with Neandertals, anatomically modern human beings

Accepted Answer

A)  are less robust. 
B)  have larger molars. 
C)  have retromolar spaces. 
D)  lack chins. 
A)  are less robust. 
B)  have larger molars. 
C)  have retromolar spaces. 
D)  lack chins.

Question 2

The stone-tool tradition associated with Homo erectus characterized by stone bifaces is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Core Tradition. 
B)  Oldowan Tradition. 
C)  Acheulean Tradition. 
D)  Flake Tradition. 
A)  Core Tradition. 
B)  Oldowan Tradition. 
C)  Acheulean Tradition. 
D)  Flake Tradition.

Question 3

The "Neandertals" are

Accepted Answer

A)  hominin fossils that apparently evolved from an earlier population of Homo erectus in Africa about 500,000 years ago. 
B)  Homo sapiens about 130,000 years ago. 
C)  hominin fossils from China that apparently evolved from an earlier population of Homo erectus about 1 million years ago. 
D)  hominin fossils from Asia that apparently evolved from an earlier population of archaic Homo sapiens about 200,000 years ago. 
A)  hominin fossils that apparently evolved from an earlier population of Homo erectus in Africa about 500,000 years ago. 
B)  Homo sapiens about 130,000 years ago. 
C)  hominin fossils from China that apparently evolved from an earlier population of Homo erectus about 1 million years ago. 
D)  hominin fossils from Asia that apparently evolved from an earlier population of archaic Homo sapiens about 200,000 years ago.

Question 4

Tools in which several different materials are combined to produce the final working implement are considered

Accepted Answer

A)  composite. 
B)  flakes. 
C)  blades. 
D)  Levallois. 
A)  composite. 
B)  flakes. 
C)  blades. 
D)  Levallois.

Question 5

There is increasing evidence that the genetic changes that underlie speciation may be based on

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulated small changes in gene frequencies. 
B)  mutations in regulatory genes that govern the timing of interrelated biological processes. 
C)  radical transformations of the genetic code. 
D)  the need to adapt to dramatically changing environments. 
A)  accumulated small changes in gene frequencies. 
B)  mutations in regulatory genes that govern the timing of interrelated biological processes. 
C)  radical transformations of the genetic code. 
D)  the need to adapt to dramatically changing environments.

Question 6

Compare and contrast the replacement, regional continuity, and "mostly-out-of-Africa" models for the evolution from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens. What kinds of evidence are used for each model? What kinds of contrasting interpretations are given for the same evidence?

Accepted Answer

The relatively rich and reasonably unifo

Question 7

The style of stone-tool making that involves knocking a few flakes off tennis-ball-sized rocks to produce cutting edges is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  core tradition. 
B)  Oldowan tradition. 
C)  Acheulean tradition. 
D)  chopping tool tradition. 
A)  core tradition. 
B)  Oldowan tradition. 
C)  Acheulean tradition. 
D)  chopping tool tradition.

Question 8

The "Nariokotome boy" fossil from East Africa looks very different from Homo erectus species found on Java, in Indonesia. This leads some scholars to suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  the Nariokotome fossil is more recent than the Javanese fossils. 
B)  the Javanese fossils are not really hominins at all. 
C)  they must have belonged to separate species. 
D)  it is the skulls that matter most, and the skulls are from the same species. 
A)  the Nariokotome fossil is more recent than the Javanese fossils. 
B)  the Javanese fossils are not really hominins at all. 
C)  they must have belonged to separate species. 
D)  it is the skulls that matter most, and the skulls are from the same species.

Question 9

Ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was extracted from the skeleton of a male infant found in association with Clovis artifacts and buried around 12,600 years ago. Analysis showed that the population to which this individual belonged is more closely related to populations from

Accepted Answer

A)  Alaska than anywhere else. 
B)  Central and South Africa than anywhere else. 
C)  Northern and Central Europe than anywhere else. 
D)  Central and South America than anywhere else. 
A)  Alaska than anywhere else. 
B)  Central and South Africa than anywhere else. 
C)  Northern and Central Europe than anywhere else. 
D)  Central and South America than anywhere else.

Question 10

The Laetoli footprints

Accepted Answer

A)  appear to have been made by a hominin with a striding gait and short, straight toes. 
B)  fit perfectly with the reconstructed foot anatomy of Au. Afarensis. 
C)  were probably made by Homo habilis. 
D)  were probably made by Homo erectus. 
A)  appear to have been made by a hominin with a striding gait and short, straight toes. 
B)  fit perfectly with the reconstructed foot anatomy of Au. Afarensis. 
C)  were probably made by Homo habilis. 
D)  were probably made by Homo erectus.

Question 11

The concept of mosaic evolution suggests that all of the primary evolutionary characteristics of humanity (having a larger brain, tool usage, bipedality, and language, for example) evolved at different rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Biological anthropologist Richard Wrangham suggests that cooking food affected human evolution in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smaller teeth evolved. 
B)  Hunting became possible. 
C)  Plant food became more digestible. 
D)  Refined palettes evolved. 
A)  Smaller teeth evolved. 
B)  Hunting became possible. 
C)  Plant food became more digestible. 
D)  Refined palettes evolved.

Question 13

The most striking evidence for a modern human capacity for culture in the Upper Paleolithic/Late Stone Age comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  deliberate burials. 
B)  regular hunting of large game. 
C)  art. 
D)  domesticated plants. 
A)  deliberate burials. 
B)  regular hunting of large game. 
C)  art. 
D)  domesticated plants.

Question 14

Taphonomists would probably conclude that hominins had scavenged meat from an animal carcass they did not kill if fossil animal bones

Accepted Answer

A)  showed animal tooth marks on top of stone-tool cutmarks. 
B)  showed stone-tool cutmarks on top of animal tooth marks. 
C)  and stone tools were found together in the same site. 
D)  showed no sign of weathering. 
A)  showed animal tooth marks on top of stone-tool cutmarks. 
B)  showed stone-tool cutmarks on top of animal tooth marks. 
C)  and stone tools were found together in the same site. 
D)  showed no sign of weathering.

Question 15

The hypothesis that anatomically modern hominins might have exchanged genes with more archaic populations they encountered after they left Africa is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  regional continuity model. 
B)  replacement model. 
C)  Asian origin model. 
D)  mostly out-of-Africa model. 
A)  regional continuity model. 
B)  replacement model. 
C)  Asian origin model. 
D)  mostly out-of-Africa model.

Question 16

The theory of punctuated equilibrium is based on the observation that

Accepted Answer

A)  long periods of intense speciation alternate with long brief periods of stasis. 
B)  new species appear in the fossil record alongside their unchanged ancestors. 
C)  evolutionary change occurs at a constant pace. 
D)  change does not occur over time. 
A)  long periods of intense speciation alternate with long brief periods of stasis. 
B)  new species appear in the fossil record alongside their unchanged ancestors. 
C)  evolutionary change occurs at a constant pace. 
D)  change does not occur over time.

Question 17

The slow, gradual transformation of a single species over time is called

Accepted Answer

A)  cladogenesis. 
B)  evolution. 
C)  anagenesis. 
D)  arrhythmia. 
A)  cladogenesis. 
B)  evolution. 
C)  anagenesis. 
D)  arrhythmia.

Question 18

By ______ years ago, modern human beings had spread to every continent except Antarctica.

Accepted Answer

A)  2,000 
B)  12,000 
C)  2 million 
D)  5 million 
A)  2,000 
B)  12,000 
C)  2 million 
D)  5 million

Question 19

Recent advances in the sequencing of ancient DNA seem to indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  Neandertals share many DNA sequences with contemporary humans. 
B)  about 1% to 4% of the genomes of modern, non-Africans contain Neandertal DNA sequences. 
C)  modern humans are descended from Neandertals. 
D)  the category "Neandertal" is invalid. 
A)  Neandertals share many DNA sequences with contemporary humans. 
B)  about 1% to 4% of the genomes of modern, non-Africans contain Neandertal DNA sequences. 
C)  modern humans are descended from Neandertals. 
D)  the category "Neandertal" is invalid.

Question 20

Associated with Neandertal finds in Europe and southwestern Asia is a new stone-tool tradition called the

Accepted Answer

A)  Acheulean. 
B)  Mousterian. 
C)  Aurignacian. 
D)  Châtelperronian. 
A)  Acheulean. 
B)  Mousterian. 
C)  Aurignacian. 
D)  Châtelperronian.

Compared with Neandertals, anatomically modern human beings

The stone-tool tradition associated with Homo erectus characterized by stone bifaces is the

The "Neandertals" are

Tools in which several different materials are combined to produce the final working implement are considered

There is increasing evidence that the genetic changes that underlie speciation may be based on

Compare and contrast the replacement, regional continuity, and "mostly-out-of-Africa" models for the evolution from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens. What kinds of evidence are used for each model? What kinds of contrasting interpretations are given for the same evidence?

The style of stone-tool making that involves knocking a few flakes off tennis-ball-sized rocks to produce cutting edges is called the

The "Nariokotome boy" fossil from East Africa looks very different from Homo erectus species found on Java, in Indonesia. This leads some scholars to suggest that

Ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was extracted from the skeleton of a male infant found in association with Clovis artifacts and buried around 12,600 years ago. Analysis showed that the population to which this individual belonged is more closely related to populations from

The Laetoli footprints

The concept of mosaic evolution suggests that all of the primary evolutionary characteristics of humanity (having a larger brain, tool usage, bipedality, and language, for example) evolved at different rates.

Biological anthropologist Richard Wrangham suggests that cooking food affected human evolution in which of the following ways?

The most striking evidence for a modern human capacity for culture in the Upper Paleolithic/Late Stone Age comes from

Taphonomists would probably conclude that hominins had scavenged meat from an animal carcass they did not kill if fossil animal bones

The hypothesis that anatomically modern hominins might have exchanged genes with more archaic populations they encountered after they left Africa is called the

The theory of punctuated equilibrium is based on the observation that

The slow, gradual transformation of a single species over time is called

By ______ years ago, modern human beings had spread to every continent except Antarctica.

Recent advances in the sequencing of ancient DNA seem to indicate that

Associated with Neandertal finds in Europe and southwestern Asia is a new stone-tool tradition called the

What Is Anthropology

Why Is Evolution Important to Anthropologists

What Can the Study of Primates Tell Us About Human Beings

How Does the Evolutionary Study of Human Variation Undermine Notions of Biological Race

How Do We Know About the Human Past

Why Did Humans Settle Down, Build Cities, and Establish States

Why Is the Concept of Culture Important

Why Is Understanding Human Language Important

How Do We Make Meaning

Why Do Anthropologists Study Economic Relations

How Do Anthropologists Study Political Relations

What Can Anthropology Teach Us About Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Where Do Our Relatives Come From and Why Do They Matter

What Can Anthropology Tell Us About Social Inequality

What Is Applied Anthropology

Filters

Exam 4: What Can the Fossil Record Tell Us About Human Origins

Compared with Neandertals, anatomically modern human beings

The stone-tool tradition associated with Homo erectus characterized by stone bifaces is the

The "Neandertals" are

Tools in which several different materials are combined to produce the final working implement are considered

There is increasing evidence that the genetic changes that underlie speciation may be based on

Compare and contrast the replacement, regional continuity, and "mostly-out-of-Africa" models for the evolution from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens. What kinds of evidence are used for each model? What kinds of contrasting interpretations are given for the same evidence?

The style of stone-tool making that involves knocking a few flakes off tennis-ball-sized rocks to produce cutting edges is called the

The "Nariokotome boy" fossil from East Africa looks very different from Homo erectus species found on Java, in Indonesia. This leads some scholars to suggest that

Ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was extracted from the skeleton of a male infant found in association with Clovis artifacts and buried around 12,600 years ago. Analysis showed that the population to which this individual belonged is more closely related to populations from

The Laetoli footprints

The concept of mosaic evolution suggests that all of the primary evolutionary characteristics of humanity (having a larger brain, tool usage, bipedality, and language, for example) evolved at different rates.

Biological anthropologist Richard Wrangham suggests that cooking food affected human evolution in which of the following ways?

The most striking evidence for a modern human capacity for culture in the Upper Paleolithic/Late Stone Age comes from

Taphonomists would probably conclude that hominins had scavenged meat from an animal carcass they did not kill if fossil animal bones

The hypothesis that anatomically modern hominins might have exchanged genes with more archaic populations they encountered after they left Africa is called the

The theory of punctuated equilibrium is based on the observation that

The slow, gradual transformation of a single species over time is called

By ______ years ago, modern human beings had spread to every continent except Antarctica.

Recent advances in the sequencing of ancient DNA seem to indicate that

Associated with Neandertal finds in Europe and southwestern Asia is a new stone-tool tradition called the

What Is Anthropology

Why Is Evolution Important to Anthropologists

What Can the Study of Primates Tell Us About Human Beings

How Does the Evolutionary Study of Human Variation Undermine Notions of Biological Race

How Do We Know About the Human Past

Why Did Humans Settle Down, Build Cities, and Establish States

Why Is the Concept of Culture Important

Why Is Understanding Human Language Important

How Do We Make Meaning

Why Do Anthropologists Study Economic Relations

How Do Anthropologists Study Political Relations

What Can Anthropology Teach Us About Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Where Do Our Relatives Come From and Why Do They Matter

What Can Anthropology Tell Us About Social Inequality

What Is Applied Anthropology

Filters