Question 1

According to work by Nemeth (1986), minority viewpoints

Accepted Answer

A)  can dramatically impair the functioning of a group. 
B)  are valuable because they can improve the quality of the group's decision making. 
C)  are likely to make members of the majority more close-minded and defensive. 
D)  can only effectively produce a change in the majority if supported by normative pressures. 
A)  can dramatically impair the functioning of a group. 
B)  are valuable because they can improve the quality of the group's decision making. 
C)  are likely to make members of the majority more close-minded and defensive. 
D)  can only effectively produce a change in the majority if supported by normative pressures.

Question 2

Participants in an experiment are asked to look at pictures of different infants and rate the attractiveness of each infant on a 10-point scale.The participants are tested in groups of three and indicate their ratings aloud.For almost all of the infants, the participants tend to give ratings similar to other group members.We can be most certain that their ratings represent private conformity rather than public conformity if

Accepted Answer

A)  they exhibit much less conformity in the presence of the experimenter. 
B)  they give the same ratings alone as they do in the group. 
C)  their ratings result from their desire to fit in with the rest of the group members. 
D)  they are not especially motivated to be accurate in their judgments. 
A)  they exhibit much less conformity in the presence of the experimenter. 
B)  they give the same ratings alone as they do in the group. 
C)  their ratings result from their desire to fit in with the rest of the group members. 
D)  they are not especially motivated to be accurate in their judgments.

Question 3

In a study by Baron et al.(1996)in which groups of three participants were asked to act as eyewitnesses, the greatest level of conformity occurred when participants were motivated to be _____ and the task was quite _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  accurate; easy 
B)  accurate; difficult 
C)  accepted by their partners; easy 
D)  accepted by their partners; difficult 
A)  accurate; easy 
B)  accurate; difficult 
C)  accepted by their partners; easy 
D)  accepted by their partners; difficult

Question 4

The "minority slowness effect" refers to the finding that

Accepted Answer

A)  members of minority groups are often slow to change their minds during group discussion. 
B)  it takes longer for minority group members to change the minds of majority group members than vice versa. 
C)  people with minority opinions are slower to respond to questions about the topic than people with majority opinions. 
D)  All of these 
A)  members of minority groups are often slow to change their minds during group discussion. 
B)  it takes longer for minority group members to change the minds of majority group members than vice versa. 
C)  people with minority opinions are slower to respond to questions about the topic than people with majority opinions. 
D)  All of these

Question 5

Which of the following is not one of the emotions a person is likely to feel after being ostracized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Numbness 
B)  Anger 
C)  Sadness 
D)  Embarrassment 
A)  Numbness 
B)  Anger 
C)  Sadness 
D)  Embarrassment

Question 6

Which of the following is not an example of social influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sports fan who decides to join the other members of the stadium crowd in doing the wave 
B)  A student who hears that some of his fellow classmates may have been exposed to a noxious gas and immediately comes to feel a bit nauseated himself 
C)  A model who catches a glimpse of herself wearing a swimsuit in a mirror and suddenly becomes self-conscious about the way she looks 
D)  A guest at a dinner party who does not understand a joke told by the host, but laughs anyway because everyone else is laughing 
A)  A sports fan who decides to join the other members of the stadium crowd in doing the wave 
B)  A student who hears that some of his fellow classmates may have been exposed to a noxious gas and immediately comes to feel a bit nauseated himself 
C)  A model who catches a glimpse of herself wearing a swimsuit in a mirror and suddenly becomes self-conscious about the way she looks 
D)  A guest at a dinner party who does not understand a joke told by the host, but laughs anyway because everyone else is laughing

Question 7

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing _____, whereas minorities exert influence by producing _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influence; normative influence 
B)  public conformity; private conformity 
C)  reactance; obedience 
D)  conversion; compliance 
A)  informational influence; normative influence 
B)  public conformity; private conformity 
C)  reactance; obedience 
D)  conversion; compliance

Question 8

Will and Grace have just started to attend church.Will pays attention to when the rest of the congregation sits and stands because he wants to be sure to stand and sit at the appropriate times.Grace stands up and sits down when the rest of the congregation does because if she doesn't, the elderly couple across the aisle scowls at her.Will has conformed because of _____, whereas Grace has conformed because of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative influence; informational influence 
B)  informational influence; normative influence 
C)  compliance; obedience 
D)  obedience; compliance 
A)  normative influence; informational influence 
B)  informational influence; normative influence 
C)  compliance; obedience 
D)  obedience; compliance

Question 9

We can conclude that participants in Sherif's study exhibited private conformity rather than public conformity because

Accepted Answer

A)  when retested without their fellow group members, participants reverted to their original estimates. 
B)  they would report their group's normative estimate when asked to respond aloud, but not when asked to respond in writing. 
C)  they continued to use their group estimates when retested alone one year later. 
D)  the task was too easy for people to demonstrate public conformity. 
A)  when retested without their fellow group members, participants reverted to their original estimates. 
B)  they would report their group's normative estimate when asked to respond aloud, but not when asked to respond in writing. 
C)  they continued to use their group estimates when retested alone one year later. 
D)  the task was too easy for people to demonstrate public conformity.

Question 10

The compliance technique in which compliance to a desired request is increased by first gaining compliance to a smaller, but related, request is called

Accepted Answer

A)  low-balling. 
B)  the that's-not-all technique. 
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D)  the door-in-the-face technique. 
A)  low-balling. 
B)  the that's-not-all technique. 
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D)  the door-in-the-face technique.

Question 11

If American and Chinese children were placed in the same classroom, which of the following would probably be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The American children would never demonstrate conformity, and the Chinese children would always conform. 
B)  The American children would demonstrate less conformity than the Chinese children. 
C)  The American children would demonstrate less private conformity, but more public conformity than the Chinese children. 
D)  The two groups of children would conform to the same extent and degree. 
A)  The American children would never demonstrate conformity, and the Chinese children would always conform. 
B)  The American children would demonstrate less conformity than the Chinese children. 
C)  The American children would demonstrate less private conformity, but more public conformity than the Chinese children. 
D)  The two groups of children would conform to the same extent and degree.

Question 12

In Meeus and Raaijmaker's study of obedience, the equivalent of Milgram's electrical shocks was

Accepted Answer

A)  beating "prisoners" who failed to obey orders. 
B)  delivering "stress remarks" to a job candidate. 
C)  ostracizing a person from a social group. 
D)  helping a drunk person get a ride home. 
A)  beating "prisoners" who failed to obey orders. 
B)  delivering "stress remarks" to a job candidate. 
C)  ostracizing a person from a social group. 
D)  helping a drunk person get a ride home.

Question 13

Participants in Asch's line judgment study conformed approximately _____ percent of the time.

Accepted Answer

A)  25 
B)  37 
C)  50 
D)  100 
A)  25 
B)  37 
C)  50 
D)  100

Question 14

What percentage of the participants in Milgram's study of destructive obedience demonstrated complete obedience to the experimenter?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  35% 
C)  65% 
D)  90% 
A)  10% 
B)  35% 
C)  65% 
D)  90%

Question 15

Which of the following concerning the relationship between gender and conformity is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men exhibit greater conformity than women in face-to-face interactions. 
B)  Men exhibit greater conformity than women regardless of the situation. 
C)  Women exhibit greater conformity than men in face-to-face interactions. 
D)  Women exhibit greater conformity than men regardless of the situation. 
A)  Men exhibit greater conformity than women in face-to-face interactions. 
B)  Men exhibit greater conformity than women regardless of the situation. 
C)  Women exhibit greater conformity than men in face-to-face interactions. 
D)  Women exhibit greater conformity than men regardless of the situation.

Question 16

Research on obedience suggests that participation in the Holocaust was

Accepted Answer

A)  encouraged by German traits of authoritarian personality. 
B)  likely driven by situation factors that would influence anyone similarly. 
C)  an extraordinary historical situation unlikely to be repeated. 
D)  dissimilar in a variety of ways from the types of obedience observed in cults. 
A)  encouraged by German traits of authoritarian personality. 
B)  likely driven by situation factors that would influence anyone similarly. 
C)  an extraordinary historical situation unlikely to be repeated. 
D)  dissimilar in a variety of ways from the types of obedience observed in cults.

Question 17

The original Milgram obedience study

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrates the personality characteristics associated with obedience to authority. 
B)  has been followed up by a number of additional studies that have varied specific aspects of the research situation. 
C)  confirms that conformity results from both informational and normative social pressures. 
D)  randomly assigned participants to one of two experimental conditions. 
A)  demonstrates the personality characteristics associated with obedience to authority. 
B)  has been followed up by a number of additional studies that have varied specific aspects of the research situation. 
C)  confirms that conformity results from both informational and normative social pressures. 
D)  randomly assigned participants to one of two experimental conditions.

Question 18

Which of the following was not part of the procedure in Milgram's research on destructive obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants were ordered to administer electric shocks that were apparently so intense that it caused the learner to scream in pain. 
B)  Participants playing the role of teachers were ordered to increase the electric shocks in increments of 15 volts for every wrong answer the learner gave. 
C)  Participants playing the role of learners were ordered to give shocks to the teacher who was trying to complete the task. 
D)  The experimenter told participants who wanted to leave that they had no choice but to continue with the study. 
A)  Participants were ordered to administer electric shocks that were apparently so intense that it caused the learner to scream in pain. 
B)  Participants playing the role of teachers were ordered to increase the electric shocks in increments of 15 volts for every wrong answer the learner gave. 
C)  Participants playing the role of learners were ordered to give shocks to the teacher who was trying to complete the task. 
D)  The experimenter told participants who wanted to leave that they had no choice but to continue with the study.

Question 19

According to Hollander's (1958)work on idiosyncrasy credits, which of the following people would be most effective in convincing a majority to change their opinion?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person who has just joined the group, because such a person has no history of antagonism with any of the majority group members 
B)  A person who does not belong to the group at all, because such a person would be perceived as the most objective 
C)  A person who has been in the group for quite a while, but consistently disagrees with the group 
D)  A person who has been in the group for a long time, and usually goes along with the majority of the group 
A)  A person who has just joined the group, because such a person has no history of antagonism with any of the majority group members 
B)  A person who does not belong to the group at all, because such a person would be perceived as the most objective 
C)  A person who has been in the group for quite a while, but consistently disagrees with the group 
D)  A person who has been in the group for a long time, and usually goes along with the majority of the group

Question 20

Often overlooked in Asch's conformity study is the fact that participants refused to conform _____ percent of the time.

Accepted Answer

A)  25 
B)  37 
C)  63 
D)  75 
A)  25 
B)  37 
C)  63 
D)  75

According to work by Nemeth (1986), minority viewpoints

In a study by Baron et al.(1996)in which groups of three participants were asked to act as eyewitnesses, the greatest level of conformity occurred when participants were motivated to be _ and the task was quite _.

The "minority slowness effect" refers to the finding that

Which of the following is not one of the emotions a person is likely to feel after being ostracized?

Which of the following is not an example of social influence?

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing _, whereas minorities exert influence by producing _.

We can conclude that participants in Sherif's study exhibited private conformity rather than public conformity because

The compliance technique in which compliance to a desired request is increased by first gaining compliance to a smaller, but related, request is called

If American and Chinese children were placed in the same classroom, which of the following would probably be true?

In Meeus and Raaijmaker's study of obedience, the equivalent of Milgram's electrical shocks was

Participants in Asch's line judgment study conformed approximately _____ percent of the time.

What percentage of the participants in Milgram's study of destructive obedience demonstrated complete obedience to the experimenter?

Which of the following concerning the relationship between gender and conformity is true?

Research on obedience suggests that participation in the Holocaust was

The original Milgram obedience study

Which of the following was not part of the procedure in Milgram's research on destructive obedience?

According to Hollander's (1958)work on idiosyncrasy credits, which of the following people would be most effective in convincing a majority to change their opinion?

Often overlooked in Asch's conformity study is the fact that participants refused to conform _____ percent of the time.

What is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health and Well being

Filters

Exam 7: Conformity

According to work by Nemeth (1986), minority viewpoints

In a study by Baron et al.(1996)in which groups of three participants were asked to act as eyewitnesses, the greatest level of conformity occurred when participants were motivated to be _____ and the task was quite _____.

The "minority slowness effect" refers to the finding that

Which of the following is not one of the emotions a person is likely to feel after being ostracized?

Which of the following is not an example of social influence?

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing _____, whereas minorities exert influence by producing _____.

We can conclude that participants in Sherif's study exhibited private conformity rather than public conformity because

The compliance technique in which compliance to a desired request is increased by first gaining compliance to a smaller, but related, request is called

If American and Chinese children were placed in the same classroom, which of the following would probably be true?

In Meeus and Raaijmaker's study of obedience, the equivalent of Milgram's electrical shocks was

Participants in Asch's line judgment study conformed approximately _____ percent of the time.

What percentage of the participants in Milgram's study of destructive obedience demonstrated complete obedience to the experimenter?

Which of the following concerning the relationship between gender and conformity is true?

Research on obedience suggests that participation in the Holocaust was

The original Milgram obedience study

Which of the following was not part of the procedure in Milgram's research on destructive obedience?

According to Hollander's (1958)work on idiosyncrasy credits, which of the following people would be most effective in convincing a majority to change their opinion?

Often overlooked in Asch's conformity study is the fact that participants refused to conform _____ percent of the time.

What is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health and Well being

Filters

In a study by Baron et al.(1996)in which groups of three participants were asked to act as eyewitnesses, the greatest level of conformity occurred when participants were motivated to be _ and the task was quite _.

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing _, whereas minorities exert influence by producing _.