Question 1

Newton concluded that some force must act on the Moon because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a force is needed to pull the Moon away from straight-line motion 
B)  a force is needed to pull the Moon outward 
C)  a force is needed to keep the Moon in motion 
D)  the Moon has at a constant velocity 
E)  the Moon has a constant acceleration 
A)  a force is needed to pull the Moon away from straight-line motion 
B)  a force is needed to pull the Moon outward 
C)  a force is needed to keep the Moon in motion 
D)  the Moon has at a constant velocity 
E)  the Moon has a constant acceleration

Question 2

Newton's third law states that forces occur in pairs acting in the same direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which statement expresses Newton's first law of motion?

Accepted Answer

A)  An object with no force on acting on it continues at rest or moves in uniform motion in a straight line with constant velocity. 
B)  An object with a force on it is accelerated in the direction of the force an amount inversely proportional to its mass and directly proportional to the size of the force. 
C)  For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. 
D)  The force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them squared. 
E)  The force between two objects is inversely proportional to the product of their masses and directly proportional to the distance between them squared. 
A)  An object with no force on acting on it continues at rest or moves in uniform motion in a straight line with constant velocity. 
B)  An object with a force on it is accelerated in the direction of the force an amount inversely proportional to its mass and directly proportional to the size of the force. 
C)  For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. 
D)  The force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them squared. 
E)  The force between two objects is inversely proportional to the product of their masses and directly proportional to the distance between them squared.

Question 4

How does gravity explain the presence of the tides we experience on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Tides are caused by small differences in

Question 5

Changing the direction of a moving body does not impact its velocity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Explain why the spring and neap tides occur periodically.

Accepted Answer

Gravity is universal, so the Sun also pr

Question 7

Galileo believed that motion stops in the absence of a force.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Galileo determined that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  heavy objects accelerate at a slower speed than lighter objects 
B)  lighter objects accelerate at a slower speed than heavier objects 
C)  an object's acceleration is due to the height from which it is dropped 
D)  all objects fall at a constant speed 
E)  all objects fall at a constant acceleration 
A)  heavy objects accelerate at a slower speed than lighter objects 
B)  lighter objects accelerate at a slower speed than heavier objects 
C)  an object's acceleration is due to the height from which it is dropped 
D)  all objects fall at a constant speed 
E)  all objects fall at a constant acceleration

Question 9

According to Galileo, the acceleration of a freely falling object due to gravity is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  larger if the object is dropped from a greater height 
B)  smaller if the object is dropped from a greater height 
C)  larger if the mass of the object is larger 
D)  smaller if the mass of the object is larger 
E)  the same regardless of the mass and the height from which it is dropped 
A)  larger if the object is dropped from a greater height 
B)  smaller if the object is dropped from a greater height 
C)  larger if the mass of the object is larger 
D)  smaller if the mass of the object is larger 
E)  the same regardless of the mass and the height from which it is dropped

Question 10

The resistance of matter to changes in motion is known as _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The resistance of matter to changes in...

Question 11

Figure 5-15
Consider the accompanying figure. Due to the curvature of space-time by the sun, light from stars that pass near the edge of the sun will ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  be bent so that the stars appear further from the edge of the sun 
B)  be bent so that the stars appear closer to the edge of the sun 
C)  be bent so that the stars are no longer visible 
D)  be bent so that the stars will appear intermittently 
E)  not be affected by the curvature of space-time 
A)  be bent so that the stars appear further from the edge of the sun 
B)  be bent so that the stars appear closer to the edge of the sun 
C)  be bent so that the stars are no longer visible 
D)  be bent so that the stars will appear intermittently 
E)  not be affected by the curvature of space-time

Question 12

The first postulate of special relativity states that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  observers can always detect their uniform motion relative to other objects 
B)  observers can never detect their uniform motion except relative to other objects 
C)  the speed of light is constant regardless of location 
D)  the speed of light in a vacuum is constant 
E)  energy equals mass multiplied by the speed of light, squared 
A)  observers can always detect their uniform motion relative to other objects 
B)  observers can never detect their uniform motion except relative to other objects 
C)  the speed of light is constant regardless of location 
D)  the speed of light in a vacuum is constant 
E)  energy equals mass multiplied by the speed of light, squared

Question 13

Kinetic energy refers to the energy of a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stationary body 
B)  moving body 
C)  moon 
D)  gravitational field 
E)  object due to its position 
A)  stationary body 
B)  moving body 
C)  moon 
D)  gravitational field 
E)  object due to its position

Question 14

What is the circular velocity of an object orbiting Earth at a distance of 100,000 km from Earth's center? Hint: $v _ { c } = \sqrt { \frac { G M } { r } }$ ; G = 6.67  10 S1U1P1-11S1S1P0 mS1U1P13S1S1P0 /s S1U1P12S1S1P0 /kg

Accepted Answer

A)  0.2 m/s 
B)  2 m/s 
C)  20 m/s 
D)  200 m/s 
E)  2,000 m/s 
A)  0.2 m/s 
B)  2 m/s 
C)  20 m/s 
D)  200 m/s 
E)  2,000 m/s

Question 15

Newtonian physics tells us that Kepler's second law is a result of the conservation of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  angular momentum 
B)  linear acceleration 
C)  energy 
D)  mass 
E)  velocity 
A)  angular momentum 
B)  linear acceleration 
C)  energy 
D)  mass 
E)  velocity

Question 16

How did Aristotle describe gravity and in what context?

Accepted Answer

Aristotle believed that objects fall dow

Question 17

The apogee of a(n) ____ orbit does not exist.

Accepted Answer

A)  closed 
B)  elliptical 
C)  geosynchronous 
D)  hyperbolic 
E)  parabolic 
A)  closed 
B)  elliptical 
C)  geosynchronous 
D)  hyperbolic 
E)  parabolic

Question 18

According to the theory of general relativity, gravity is caused by the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  linear motion of stars 
B)  change in mass of a moving body 
C)  curvature of space-time 
D)  constant speed of light 
E)  inertia of a moving body 
A)  linear motion of stars 
B)  change in mass of a moving body 
C)  curvature of space-time 
D)  constant speed of light 
E)  inertia of a moving body

Question 19

Why does the circular velocity of an Earth satellite depend on the distance from Earth's center?

Accepted Answer

The equation for circular velocity is as

Question 20

What is the escape velocity from the Moon for a lunar landing module sitting on the Moon's surface? Hints: $V _ { e } = \sqrt { \frac { 2 G M } { r } }$ ;
The mass of the Moon is 7.2 × 1022 kg; its radius is 1738 km; G = 6.67  10-11 m3/s2/kg

Accepted Answer

A)  2.3 m/s 
B)  23 m/s 
C)  2.3 km/s 
D)  11 km/s 
E)  23 km/s 
A)  2.3 m/s 
B)  23 m/s 
C)  2.3 km/s 
D)  11 km/s 
E)  23 km/s

Exam 5: Gravity

Newton concluded that some force must act on the Moon because ____.

Newton's third law states that forces occur in pairs acting in the same direction.

Which statement expresses Newton's first law of motion?

How does gravity explain the presence of the tides we experience on Earth?

Changing the direction of a moving body does not impact its velocity.

Explain why the spring and neap tides occur periodically.

Galileo believed that motion stops in the absence of a force.

Galileo determined that ____.

According to Galileo, the acceleration of a freely falling object due to gravity is ____.

The resistance of matter to changes in motion is known as _______________.

Figure 5-15 Consider the accompanying figure. Due to the curvature of space-time by the sun, light from stars that pass near the edge of the sun will ____.

The first postulate of special relativity states that ____.

Kinetic energy refers to the energy of a(n)____.

What is the circular velocity of an object orbiting Earth at a distance of 100,000 km from Earth's center? Hint: vc=GMrv _ { c } = \sqrt { \frac { G M } { r } }vc​=rGM​​ ; G = 6.67 10 -11 m3 /s 2 /kg

Newtonian physics tells us that Kepler's second law is a result of the conservation of ____.

How did Aristotle describe gravity and in what context?

The apogee of a(n) ____ orbit does not exist.

According to the theory of general relativity, gravity is caused by the ____.

Why does the circular velocity of an Earth satellite depend on the distance from Earth's center?

What is the escape velocity from the Moon for a lunar landing module sitting on the Moon's surface? Hints: Ve=2GMrV _ { e } = \sqrt { \frac { 2 G M } { r } }Ve​=r2GM​​ ; The mass of the Moon is 7.2 × 1022 kg; its radius is 1738 km; G = 6.67 10-11 m3/s2/kg

Here and Now

A Users Guide to the Sky

Moon Phases and Eclipses

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Sun

The Family of Stars

The Interstellar Medium

Formation and Structure of Stars

Stellar Evolution

Deaths of Stars

Neutron Stars and Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Supermassive Black Holes and Active Galaxies

Modern Cosmology

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth the Active Planet

The Moon and Mercury

Venus and Mars

Jupiter and Saturn

Uranus Neptune Pluto and the Kuiper Belt

Meteorites Asteroids and Comets

Astrobiology

Filters

What is the circular velocity of an object orbiting Earth at a distance of 100,000 km from Earth's center? Hint: $v _ { c } = \sqrt { \frac { G M } { r } }$ ; G = 6.67 10 ^-11 m³ /s ² /kg

What is the escape velocity from the Moon for a lunar landing module sitting on the Moon's surface? Hints: $V _ { e } = \sqrt { \frac { 2 G M } { r } }$ ; The mass of the Moon is 7.2 × 10²² kg; its radius is 1738 km; G = 6.67 10^-11 m³/s²/kg