Question 1

What is the name for the scientific process used to estimate the potential harm of a particular hazard using statistical methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Probability 
B)  Risk assessment 
C)  Lifecycle cost-pricing 
D)  Mitigation 
E)  Prevention 
A)  Probability 
B)  Risk assessment 
C)  Lifecycle cost-pricing 
D)  Mitigation 
E)  Prevention

Question 2

The chemical pesticide DDT is persistent, or resistant to breakdown, and can be biologically magnified.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What purpose does the accompanying graph serve in our challenge of evaluating hazardous chemicals?

Accepted Answer

This dose-response graph represents the

Question 4

Since the AIDS virus has reduced life expectancy in some sub-Saharan African countries by as much as 20 years, the result is that some countries, such as Botswana and Zimbabwe, will each lose half of their adult population within a decade. Briefly discuss the implications of this tragedy.

Accepted Answer

This dramatic reduction that selectively

Question 5

A ____ disease, such as asthma, is not caused directly by a living organism and does not spread from one person to another.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical 
B)  transmissible 
C)  nontransmissible 
D)  natural 
E)  cultural 
A)  chemical 
B)  transmissible 
C)  nontransmissible 
D)  natural 
E)  cultural

Question 6

Epidemiological studies can generally be conducted very quickly, making them useful for testing new chemicals before their release to the market.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A person that develops asthma after living in a city with severe air pollution for decades is experiencing a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chronic effect 
B)  subchronic effect 
C)  acute effect 
D)  subacute effect 
E)  superacute effect 
A)  chronic effect 
B)  subchronic effect 
C)  acute effect 
D)  subacute effect 
E)  superacute effect

Question 8

The chemicals PCBs, arsenic, and lead are all examples of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemicals PCBs, arsenic, and lead are...

Question 9

A deadly, multidrug resistant form of ____ has been spreading and is difficult to treat. Because of the high risk of this illness, those affected must be quarantined and treated with care by healthcare workers.

Accepted Answer

A)  influenza 
B)  HIV 
C)  avian bird flu 
D)  malaria 
E)  tuberculosis 
A)  influenza 
B)  HIV 
C)  avian bird flu 
D)  malaria 
E)  tuberculosis

Question 10

Since 1990, it has become increasingly easy to treat tuberculosis using antibiotic medications.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Water bottles can contain ____________________, which is an estrogen mimic that is used as a hardening agent in certain plastics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water bottles can contain ____________________, which is...

Question 12

Approximately 2.6 billion people do not have sanitary toilet facilities. Partly as a result of this, more than one billion people have their drinking water polluted by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  malaria parasites 
B)  carcinogens 
C)  mutagens 
D)  feces 
E)  chemicals 
A)  malaria parasites 
B)  carcinogens 
C)  mutagens 
D)  feces 
E)  chemicals

Question 13

The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  circulatory system 
B)  endocrine system 
C)  immune system 
D)  excretory system 
E)  cardiovascular system 
A)  circulatory system 
B)  endocrine system 
C)  immune system 
D)  excretory system 
E)  cardiovascular system

Question 14

In addition to overuse of antibiotics for colds and flu, what else has caused bacterial resistance to antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  The demolition of forest lands 
B)  The draining of marshes 
C)  The use of pesticides to control malaria-infected mosquitoes 
D)  Improved sanitation, including better water quality 
E)  The use of antibiotics to control disease and promote growth in animals raised for meat 
A)  The demolition of forest lands 
B)  The draining of marshes 
C)  The use of pesticides to control malaria-infected mosquitoes 
D)  Improved sanitation, including better water quality 
E)  The use of antibiotics to control disease and promote growth in animals raised for meat

Question 15

Single-celled organisms that are abundant in even extreme environments and that do not require a host cell to reproduce are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  carcinogens 
B)  mutagens 
C)  parasitic worms 
D)  bacteria 
E)  viruses 
A)  carcinogens 
B)  mutagens 
C)  parasitic worms 
D)  bacteria 
E)  viruses

Question 16

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogen mimic used in the production of ____ products.

Accepted Answer

A)  pharmaceutical 
B)  textile 
C)  food 
D)  metals 
E)  plastic 
A)  pharmaceutical 
B)  textile 
C)  food 
D)  metals 
E)  plastic

Question 17

Describe at least one principle that can help us to evaluate and reduce risk.

Accepted Answer

Compare risks. In evaluating a risk, the

Question 18

The immune system has specialized cells and tissues that protect the body against disease and harmful substances by forming ____________________, which are specialized proteins that render invading agents harmless.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The immune system has specialized cells and...

Question 19

What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is the dose where an animal would be expected to show an acute response. 
B)  This corresponds to the highest point on a dose-response curve. 
C)  This is the level that a chemical becomes slightly toxic. 
D)  This is the dose that can kill 50% of the animals in a test population within a given time period. 
E)  This is the dose that will kill most of the medium sized animals in a test population. 
A)  This is the dose where an animal would be expected to show an acute response. 
B)  This corresponds to the highest point on a dose-response curve. 
C)  This is the level that a chemical becomes slightly toxic. 
D)  This is the dose that can kill 50% of the animals in a test population within a given time period. 
E)  This is the dose that will kill most of the medium sized animals in a test population.

Question 20

Vinyl chloride is found in many plastics and is an example of a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogen 
B)  neurotoxin 
C)  teratogen 
D)  antitoxin 
E)  carcinogen 
A)  pathogen 
B)  neurotoxin 
C)  teratogen 
D)  antitoxin 
E)  carcinogen

What is the name for the scientific process used to estimate the potential harm of a particular hazard using statistical methods?

The chemical pesticide DDT is persistent, or resistant to breakdown, and can be biologically magnified.

What purpose does the accompanying graph serve in our challenge of evaluating hazardous chemicals?

Since the AIDS virus has reduced life expectancy in some sub-Saharan African countries by as much as 20 years, the result is that some countries, such as Botswana and Zimbabwe, will each lose half of their adult population within a decade. Briefly discuss the implications of this tragedy.

A ____ disease, such as asthma, is not caused directly by a living organism and does not spread from one person to another.

Epidemiological studies can generally be conducted very quickly, making them useful for testing new chemicals before their release to the market.

A person that develops asthma after living in a city with severe air pollution for decades is experiencing a(n) ____.

The chemicals PCBs, arsenic, and lead are all examples of ____________________.

A deadly, multidrug resistant form of ____ has been spreading and is difficult to treat. Because of the high risk of this illness, those affected must be quarantined and treated with care by healthcare workers.

Since 1990, it has become increasingly easy to treat tuberculosis using antibiotic medications.

Water bottles can contain ____________________, which is an estrogen mimic that is used as a hardening agent in certain plastics.

Approximately 2.6 billion people do not have sanitary toilet facilities. Partly as a result of this, more than one billion people have their drinking water polluted by ____.

The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the ____.

In addition to overuse of antibiotics for colds and flu, what else has caused bacterial resistance to antibiotics?

Single-celled organisms that are abundant in even extreme environments and that do not require a host cell to reproduce are called ____.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogen mimic used in the production of ____ products.

Describe at least one principle that can help us to evaluate and reduce risk.

The immune system has specialized cells and tissues that protect the body against disease and harmful substances by forming ____________________, which are specialized proteins that render invading agents harmless.

What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

Vinyl chloride is found in many plastics and is an example of a _____.

The Environment and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy and Systems

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Species Interactions, Ecological Succession and Population Control

The Human Population and Urbanization

Climate and Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Species

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems

Food Production and the Environment

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Energy Resources

Air Pollution, Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Economics, Politics and Worldviews

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Exam 14: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

What is the name for the scientific process used to estimate the potential harm of a particular hazard using statistical methods?

The chemical pesticide DDT is persistent, or resistant to breakdown, and can be biologically magnified.

What purpose does the accompanying graph serve in our challenge of evaluating hazardous chemicals?

Since the AIDS virus has reduced life expectancy in some sub-Saharan African countries by as much as 20 years, the result is that some countries, such as Botswana and Zimbabwe, will each lose half of their adult population within a decade. Briefly discuss the implications of this tragedy.

A ____ disease, such as asthma, is not caused directly by a living organism and does not spread from one person to another.

Epidemiological studies can generally be conducted very quickly, making them useful for testing new chemicals before their release to the market.

A person that develops asthma after living in a city with severe air pollution for decades is experiencing a(n) ____.

The chemicals PCBs, arsenic, and lead are all examples of ____________________.

A deadly, multidrug resistant form of ____ has been spreading and is difficult to treat. Because of the high risk of this illness, those affected must be quarantined and treated with care by healthcare workers.

Since 1990, it has become increasingly easy to treat tuberculosis using antibiotic medications.

Water bottles can contain ____________________, which is an estrogen mimic that is used as a hardening agent in certain plastics.

Approximately 2.6 billion people do not have sanitary toilet facilities. Partly as a result of this, more than one billion people have their drinking water polluted by ____.

The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the ____.

In addition to overuse of antibiotics for colds and flu, what else has caused bacterial resistance to antibiotics?

Single-celled organisms that are abundant in even extreme environments and that do not require a host cell to reproduce are called ____.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogen mimic used in the production of ____ products.

Describe at least one principle that can help us to evaluate and reduce risk.

The immune system has specialized cells and tissues that protect the body against disease and harmful substances by forming ____________________, which are specialized proteins that render invading agents harmless.

What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

Vinyl chloride is found in many plastics and is an example of a _____.

The Environment and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy and Systems

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Species Interactions, Ecological Succession and Population Control

The Human Population and Urbanization

Climate and Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Species

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems

Food Production and the Environment

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Energy Resources

Air Pollution, Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Economics, Politics and Worldviews

Filters