Question 1

Examples of chemicals that can be ____________________ include DDT, PCBs, and methylmercury.

Accepted Answer

biological

Question 2

A(n) ____________________ effect is an immediate or rapid reaction to exposure to a harmful substance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ effect is an immediate or...

Question 3

Why has the percentage of deaths due to infectious diseases dropped from 1970 to 2010?

Accepted Answer

A)  The use of pesticides has become increasingly effective at killing biological threats. 
B)  There are fewer people living in poverty as nations become more developed. 
C)  Fewer people live in disease-prone areas. 
D)  Public health education campaigns have been successful at prevention. 
E)  A growing number of children were immunized against the major infectious diseases. 
A)  The use of pesticides has become increasingly effective at killing biological threats. 
B)  There are fewer people living in poverty as nations become more developed. 
C)  Fewer people live in disease-prone areas. 
D)  Public health education campaigns have been successful at prevention. 
E)  A growing number of children were immunized against the major infectious diseases.

Question 4

Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding the ecology of microbes 
B)  understanding how to treat animal diseases 
C)  understanding ways that humans and animal interactions can affect disease transmission 
D)  preventing the international spread of diseases through public transportation 
E)  preventing illegal international trade in wild species 
A)  understanding the ecology of microbes 
B)  understanding how to treat animal diseases 
C)  understanding ways that humans and animal interactions can affect disease transmission 
D)  preventing the international spread of diseases through public transportation 
E)  preventing illegal international trade in wild species

Question 5

Unless people work in chemical industries, they generally are exposed to relatively few chemicals that could be harmful.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When estimating and calculating the reliability of a given system, experts quantify the reliability of the technology involved and divide that number by the reliability of the human using the technology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

HBV,hepati

Question 8

A(n) ____________________ is a disease caused by a pathogen such as a bacterium, virus, or parasite that invades the body and multiplies in its cells and tissues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ is a disease caused by...

Question 9

Mutagens can cause or increase the frequency of mutations in the ____ molecules found in cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  carbohydrate 
C)  DNA 
D)  fat 
E)  RNA 
A)  water 
B)  carbohydrate 
C)  DNA 
D)  fat 
E)  RNA

Question 10

An alternative approach to combating _____________ is to provide free or inexpensive insecticide-treated bed nets to poor people in the regions most affected.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An alternative approach to combating _____________ is...

Question 11

Laboratory-bred mice and rats are widely used for toxicity studies because their systems have many functional similarities to human systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Only water-soluble toxins can accumulate in body tissues and cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

____ can be limited in many cases, because too few people have been exposed to high enough levels of a toxic agent to detect statistically significant differences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Risk assessment 
B)  Risk management 
C)  Epidemiological studies 
D)  Persistence samples 
E)  Toxicological studies 
A)  Risk assessment 
B)  Risk management 
C)  Epidemiological studies 
D)  Persistence samples 
E)  Toxicological studies

Question 14

The process of using statistical methods to estimate potential harm from a particular hazard is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of using statistical methods to...

Question 15

A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Why do some people often not believe that their present day habits and exposure to carcinogens will lead to cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most mutations of carcinogens cause no harm. 
B)  Carcinogens do not cause pain until the very last stages. 
C)  Initial exposure to a carcinogen and the appearance of detectable cancer symptoms has a 10- -40-year time lapse. 
D)  Most carcinogens are found in highly addictive substances. 
E)  Carcinogens cannot be seen or touched, and therefore, people do not think about their impact. 
A)  Most mutations of carcinogens cause no harm. 
B)  Carcinogens do not cause pain until the very last stages. 
C)  Initial exposure to a carcinogen and the appearance of detectable cancer symptoms has a 10- -40-year time lapse. 
D)  Most carcinogens are found in highly addictive substances. 
E)  Carcinogens cannot be seen or touched, and therefore, people do not think about their impact.

Question 17

You are an aquatic biologist studying a small lake. The stream that drains into this lake runs by croplands. You are detecting a pesticide called atrazine in the insects and worms that live in the lake. The predatory birds such as herons and egrets have very high concentrations of atrazine in their blood. The birds prey on the frogs and small fish. What condition best explains the high atrazine level in the birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acute effects experienced by the birds 
B)  Consumption in amounts larger than the lethal dose 
C)  Chronic residual effects in the birds 
D)  Biological accumulation and magnification 
E)  An increase in ecological toxicity 
A)  Acute effects experienced by the birds 
B)  Consumption in amounts larger than the lethal dose 
C)  Chronic residual effects in the birds 
D)  Biological accumulation and magnification 
E)  An increase in ecological toxicity

Question 18

Some research indicates that ____ causes people to overestimate risks and to worry more about unusual risks more so than common risks.

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of control 
B)  fear 
C)  the level of catastrophic risk 
D)  optimism bias 
E)  instant gratification 
A)  a lack of control 
B)  fear 
C)  the level of catastrophic risk 
D)  optimism bias 
E)  instant gratification

Question 19

E-cigarettes have been demonstrated to be considerably safer than conventional cigarettes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Manufacturers have started using BPS as a replacement for BPA due to concerns about the health effects of BPA. BPS appears to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cause similar health effects to BPA 
B)  be much safer than BPA 
C)  be too new to draw conclusions about its safety 
D)  to result in significantly higher production costs than using BPA 
E)  to result in antibiotic resistance in exposed microbes 
A)  cause similar health effects to BPA 
B)  be much safer than BPA 
C)  be too new to draw conclusions about its safety 
D)  to result in significantly higher production costs than using BPA 
E)  to result in antibiotic resistance in exposed microbes

Examples of chemicals that can be ____________________ include DDT, PCBs, and methylmercury.

A(n) ____________________ effect is an immediate or rapid reaction to exposure to a harmful substance.

Why has the percentage of deaths due to infectious diseases dropped from 1970 to 2010?

Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

Unless people work in chemical industries, they generally are exposed to relatively few chemicals that could be harmful.

When estimating and calculating the reliability of a given system, experts quantify the reliability of the technology involved and divide that number by the reliability of the human using the technology.

The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

A(n) ____________________ is a disease caused by a pathogen such as a bacterium, virus, or parasite that invades the body and multiplies in its cells and tissues.

Mutagens can cause or increase the frequency of mutations in the ____ molecules found in cells.

An alternative approach to combating _____________ is to provide free or inexpensive insecticide-treated bed nets to poor people in the regions most affected.

Laboratory-bred mice and rats are widely used for toxicity studies because their systems have many functional similarities to human systems.

Only water-soluble toxins can accumulate in body tissues and cells.

____ can be limited in many cases, because too few people have been exposed to high enough levels of a toxic agent to detect statistically significant differences.

The process of using statistical methods to estimate potential harm from a particular hazard is called ____________________.

A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

Why do some people often not believe that their present day habits and exposure to carcinogens will lead to cancer?

Some research indicates that ____ causes people to overestimate risks and to worry more about unusual risks more so than common risks.

E-cigarettes have been demonstrated to be considerably safer than conventional cigarettes.

Manufacturers have started using BPS as a replacement for BPA due to concerns about the health effects of BPA. BPS appears to ____.

The Environment and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy and Systems

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Species Interactions, Ecological Succession and Population Control

The Human Population and Urbanization

Climate and Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Species

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems

Food Production and the Environment

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Energy Resources

Air Pollution, Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Economics, Politics and Worldviews

Filters

Exam 14: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Examples of chemicals that can be ____________________ include DDT, PCBs, and methylmercury.

A(n) ____________________ effect is an immediate or rapid reaction to exposure to a harmful substance.

Why has the percentage of deaths due to infectious diseases dropped from 1970 to 2010?

Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

Unless people work in chemical industries, they generally are exposed to relatively few chemicals that could be harmful.

When estimating and calculating the reliability of a given system, experts quantify the reliability of the technology involved and divide that number by the reliability of the human using the technology.

The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

A(n) ____________________ is a disease caused by a pathogen such as a bacterium, virus, or parasite that invades the body and multiplies in its cells and tissues.

Mutagens can cause or increase the frequency of mutations in the ____ molecules found in cells.

An alternative approach to combating _____________ is to provide free or inexpensive insecticide-treated bed nets to poor people in the regions most affected.

Laboratory-bred mice and rats are widely used for toxicity studies because their systems have many functional similarities to human systems.

Only water-soluble toxins can accumulate in body tissues and cells.

____ can be limited in many cases, because too few people have been exposed to high enough levels of a toxic agent to detect statistically significant differences.

The process of using statistical methods to estimate potential harm from a particular hazard is called ____________________.

A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

Why do some people often not believe that their present day habits and exposure to carcinogens will lead to cancer?

Some research indicates that ____ causes people to overestimate risks and to worry more about unusual risks more so than common risks.

E-cigarettes have been demonstrated to be considerably safer than conventional cigarettes.

Manufacturers have started using BPS as a replacement for BPA due to concerns about the health effects of BPA. BPS appears to ____.

The Environment and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy and Systems

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Species Interactions, Ecological Succession and Population Control

The Human Population and Urbanization

Climate and Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Species

Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems

Food Production and the Environment

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Energy Resources

Air Pollution, Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Economics, Politics and Worldviews

Filters