Exam 14: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Human reliability is generally ____ technology reliability.

The ____________________ system is a complex network of glands that release tiny amounts of hormones into the bloodstreams of humans and other vertebrate animals.

The majority of chemicals in commercial use have been screened for toxicity before they were made available to the public.

The three infectious diseases that cause the majority of deaths worldwide are influenza, hepatitis B, and malaria.

On the accompanying graph, what dose in hypothetical units did it take to kill 25% of the population?

Why have pesticide producers failed to produce new mosquito-killing insecticides in recent years?

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency currently recommends that regulators assume children face a risk factor ____ times that of adults when exposed to carcinogenic chemicals.

A person experiencing dizziness after using a strong household cleaner is showing a(n) ____.

In the United States, the leading cause of preventable death is tobacco use.

Because case reports give detailed information about a single individual, they are often used to estimate the toxicity for a chemical on a more general level.

If you typically consume large amounts of processed foods, and certain wines, which category of chemical hazard is introduced into your system?

Smoking is an example of a lifestyle choice health hazard.

Some studies have shown that exposure of human babies to the group of hormonally active agents called ____________________ may correspond with early puberty in girls and male infertility.

Some organisms live on or inside other organisms and feed on them, and can cause serious infectious diseases, including malaria. These are known as ____________________.

A basic principle of toxicology is that any synthetic or natural chemical can be harmful if ingested or inhaled in a large enough quantity.

Toxicology is a science devoted to the study of all risks to human life.

Explain the following statement (quotation at the beginning of Chapter 14) made by the German scientist Paracelsus: "The dose makes the poison."

To help prevent worsening of risks from infectious diseases, it is important to reduce the use of _____.

A global-scale outbreak of an infectious disease such as tuberculosis or AIDS is called a(n) ______________________________.

An important breakthrough to help prevent death from dehydration for victims of severe diarrhea has been the development of _________________________.