Question 1

The actual water vapor pressure at 37° C when the relative humidity is 50% is _____ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)  18.5 
B)  23.5 
C)  22 
D)  45 
A)  18.5 
B)  23.5 
C)  22 
D)  45

Question 2

The structure that has a large surface area and therefore increases contact between inspired air and mucosa is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  nose. 
B)  carina. 
C)  larynx. 
D)  epiglottis. 
A)  nose. 
B)  carina. 
C)  larynx. 
D)  epiglottis.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about vibrating mesh nebulizers is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have no residual volume. 
B)  They reduce the contamination of medication in the reservoir. 
C)  They are capable of generating aerosol from a single drop of liquid. 
D)  They can be used in closed systems during mechanical ventilation. 
A)  They have no residual volume. 
B)  They reduce the contamination of medication in the reservoir. 
C)  They are capable of generating aerosol from a single drop of liquid. 
D)  They can be used in closed systems during mechanical ventilation.

Question 4

A heat and moisture exchanger is best placed where in the ventilator circuit?

Accepted Answer

A)  Directly at the patient Y-connector 
B)  Twenty centimeters away from the endotracheal tube 
C)  At the ventilator outlet 
D)  At the ventilator inlet 
A)  Directly at the patient Y-connector 
B)  Twenty centimeters away from the endotracheal tube 
C)  At the ventilator outlet 
D)  At the ventilator inlet

Question 5

At 20° C,water vapor pressure is measured as 15 mm Hg.If the maximum partial pressure at this temperature is 17.5 mm Hg,the relative humidity is:

Accepted Answer

A)  30%. 
B)  50%. 
C)  75%. 
D)  85%. 
A)  30%. 
B)  50%. 
C)  75%. 
D)  85%.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water that exists in the form of individual molecules in a gaseous state is humidity. 
B)  Water that exists in the form of individual molecules is an aerosol. 
C)  Water that exists in the form of particulate matter is relative humidity (RH). 
D)  Water that exerts no pressure is a vapor. 
A)  Water that exists in the form of individual molecules in a gaseous state is humidity. 
B)  Water that exists in the form of individual molecules is an aerosol. 
C)  Water that exists in the form of particulate matter is relative humidity (RH). 
D)  Water that exerts no pressure is a vapor.

Question 7

The efficiency of a bubble humidifier depends on which of the following?
1)Presence of a diffuser
2)Water level in the humidifier
3)Surface area between the gas and water
4)Length of the oxygen tubing being used

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only 
B)  2 and 4 only 
C)  3 and 4 only 
D)  1,2,and 3 only 
A)  1 only 
B)  2 and 4 only 
C)  3 and 4 only 
D)  1,2,and 3 only

Question 8

A pulse oximeter on a patient with a tracheostomy shows 89% saturation.The patient has a heated humidifier with a 40% air-entrainment tracheostomy collar.A rapid assessment shows no secretion production and equal breath sounds.Which of the following is the most appropriate first step?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase the oxygen delivered through the flowmeter. 
B)  Increase the air-entrainment device to 60%. 
C)  Apply positive pressure with bag-valve ventilation. 
D)  Check to see whether water is collected in the gas-delivery tube. 
A)  Increase the oxygen delivered through the flowmeter. 
B)  Increase the air-entrainment device to 60%. 
C)  Apply positive pressure with bag-valve ventilation. 
D)  Check to see whether water is collected in the gas-delivery tube.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fog and mist are considered water vapor. 
B)  Medical aerosols are much smaller than molecules of water. 
C)  Medical aerosols range from 0.2 mm to 50 mm. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  Fog and mist are considered water vapor. 
B)  Medical aerosols are much smaller than molecules of water. 
C)  Medical aerosols range from 0.2 mm to 50 mm. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 10

What is the relative humidity when the absolute humidity is 15 mg H₂O/L and the capacity of a gas is 20.6 mg H₂O/L?

Accepted Answer

A)  15% 
B)  20% 
C)  30% 
D)  72% 
A)  15% 
B)  20% 
C)  30% 
D)  72%

Question 11

Which of the following devices or methods would be appropriate to provide sufficient humidity for an intubated patient with an uncuffed endotracheal tube who has thick,bloody secretions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat and moisture exchanger 
B)  Heated humidifier 
C)  Heated humidifier with a heat and moisture exchanger 
D)  Systemic hydration 
A)  Heat and moisture exchanger 
B)  Heated humidifier 
C)  Heated humidifier with a heat and moisture exchanger 
D)  Systemic hydration

Question 12

The relative humidity is 40% and the capacity is 32 mg H₂O/L.The absolute humidity of this gas is _____ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.3 
B)  12.8 
C)  60 
D)  128 
A)  1.3 
B)  12.8 
C)  60 
D)  128

Question 13

Inspired air is humidified and warmed through what two physical processes?
1)Condensation
2)Evaporation
3)Convection
4)Conduction

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 4 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  3 and 4 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 4 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  3 and 4

Question 14

A patient is receiving albuterol through a small-volume nebulizer.Where in the body will the greatest effect take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  Localized effect in the lungs 
B)  Systemic effect 
C)  Local and systemic effect 
D)  Depends on the size, temperature, and volume of the aerosol 
A)  Localized effect in the lungs 
B)  Systemic effect 
C)  Local and systemic effect 
D)  Depends on the size, temperature, and volume of the aerosol

Question 15

An individual's humidity deficit will be the smallest when breathing:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen through a heated-wick humidifier. 
B)  room air through a heat and moisture exchanger. 
C)  room air at 30° C and 50% relative humidity. 
D)  by nasal cannula (6 L/min) with a bubble humidifier. 
A)  oxygen through a heated-wick humidifier. 
B)  room air through a heat and moisture exchanger. 
C)  room air at 30° C and 50% relative humidity. 
D)  by nasal cannula (6 L/min) with a bubble humidifier.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about breath-actuated nebulizers is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be used during the entire respiratory cycle. 
B)  They do not require good hand-breath coordination. 
C)  They decrease aerosol medication waste. 
D)  They are not appropriate for some patients with severe airway obstruction. 
A)  They can be used during the entire respiratory cycle. 
B)  They do not require good hand-breath coordination. 
C)  They decrease aerosol medication waste. 
D)  They are not appropriate for some patients with severe airway obstruction.

Question 17

Which of the following offers the best method for delivering ribavirin?

Accepted Answer

A)  A small-volume nebulizer and an aerosol mask 
B)  An LVN, large-bore tubing, and a Briggs adapter 
C)  SPAG-2, large-bore tubing, and an oxygen hood 
D)  SPAG-2, large-bore tubing, and an aerosol mask 
A)  A small-volume nebulizer and an aerosol mask 
B)  An LVN, large-bore tubing, and a Briggs adapter 
C)  SPAG-2, large-bore tubing, and an oxygen hood 
D)  SPAG-2, large-bore tubing, and an aerosol mask

Question 18

You have been called because of an audible alarm from a heated air-entrainment large-volume jet nebulizer.The most-appropriate immediate action is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the oxygen flow. 
B)  change the device to an injection nebulizer. 
C)  change the device to a high-flow heated humidifier. 
D)  turn off the heater power to prevent overheating. 
A)  decrease the oxygen flow. 
B)  change the device to an injection nebulizer. 
C)  change the device to a high-flow heated humidifier. 
D)  turn off the heater power to prevent overheating.

Question 19

Which of the following is true concerning heat and moisture exchangers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are passover type A humidifiers. 
B)  They might reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. 
C)  They are best-suited for long-term use on mechanical ventilators. 
D)  They are able to provide a humidity output of 10 mg/L to 44 mg/L at 35° C. 
A)  They are passover type A humidifiers. 
B)  They might reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. 
C)  They are best-suited for long-term use on mechanical ventilators. 
D)  They are able to provide a humidity output of 10 mg/L to 44 mg/L at 35° C.

Question 20

Driving a small-volume nebulizer with heliox,instead of air or oxygen,has what effect on the aerosol produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increases upper airway impaction 
B)  Creates larger particles 
C)  Decreases the aerosol output 
D)  Increases the turbulence of the aerosol 
A)  Increases upper airway impaction 
B)  Creates larger particles 
C)  Decreases the aerosol output 
D)  Increases the turbulence of the aerosol

The actual water vapor pressure at 37° C when the relative humidity is 50% is _____ mm Hg.

The structure that has a large surface area and therefore increases contact between inspired air and mucosa is the:

Which of the following statements about vibrating mesh nebulizers is false?

A heat and moisture exchanger is best placed where in the ventilator circuit?

At 20° C,water vapor pressure is measured as 15 mm Hg.If the maximum partial pressure at this temperature is 17.5 mm Hg,the relative humidity is:

Which of the following statements is true?

The efficiency of a bubble humidifier depends on which of the following? 1)Presence of a diffuser 2)Water level in the humidifier 3)Surface area between the gas and water 4)Length of the oxygen tubing being used

A pulse oximeter on a patient with a tracheostomy shows 89% saturation.The patient has a heated humidifier with a 40% air-entrainment tracheostomy collar.A rapid assessment shows no secretion production and equal breath sounds.Which of the following is the most appropriate first step?

Which of the following statements is true?

What is the relative humidity when the absolute humidity is 15 mg H₂O/L and the capacity of a gas is 20.6 mg H₂O/L?

Which of the following devices or methods would be appropriate to provide sufficient humidity for an intubated patient with an uncuffed endotracheal tube who has thick,bloody secretions?

The relative humidity is 40% and the capacity is 32 mg H₂O/L.The absolute humidity of this gas is _____ mm Hg.

Inspired air is humidified and warmed through what two physical processes? 1)Condensation 2)Evaporation 3)Convection 4)Conduction

A patient is receiving albuterol through a small-volume nebulizer.Where in the body will the greatest effect take place?

An individual's humidity deficit will be the smallest when breathing:

Which of the following statements about breath-actuated nebulizers is not true?

Which of the following offers the best method for delivering ribavirin?

You have been called because of an audible alarm from a heated air-entrainment large-volume jet nebulizer.The most-appropriate immediate action is to:

Which of the following is true concerning heat and moisture exchangers?

Driving a small-volume nebulizer with heliox,instead of air or oxygen,has what effect on the aerosol produced?

Basic Physics for the Respiratory Therapist

Principles of Infection Control

Manufacture, Storage, and Transport of Medical Gases

Administering Medical Gases: Regulators, Flowmeters, and

Airway Management Devices and Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Lung Expansion Therapy Devices

Assessment of Pulmonary Function

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Blood Gas Monitoring

Sleep Diagnostics

Introduction to Ventilators

Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Infant and Pediatric Devices

Transport, Home Care, and Noninvasive Ventilatory Devices

Filters

Exam 6: Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

The actual water vapor pressure at 37° C when the relative humidity is 50% is _____ mm Hg.

The structure that has a large surface area and therefore increases contact between inspired air and mucosa is the:

Which of the following statements about vibrating mesh nebulizers is false?

A heat and moisture exchanger is best placed where in the ventilator circuit?

At 20° C,water vapor pressure is measured as 15 mm Hg.If the maximum partial pressure at this temperature is 17.5 mm Hg,the relative humidity is:

Which of the following statements is true?

The efficiency of a bubble humidifier depends on which of the following? 1)Presence of a diffuser 2)Water level in the humidifier 3)Surface area between the gas and water 4)Length of the oxygen tubing being used

A pulse oximeter on a patient with a tracheostomy shows 89% saturation.The patient has a heated humidifier with a 40% air-entrainment tracheostomy collar.A rapid assessment shows no secretion production and equal breath sounds.Which of the following is the most appropriate first step?

Which of the following statements is true?

What is the relative humidity when the absolute humidity is 15 mg H₂O/L and the capacity of a gas is 20.6 mg H₂O/L?

Which of the following devices or methods would be appropriate to provide sufficient humidity for an intubated patient with an uncuffed endotracheal tube who has thick,bloody secretions?

The relative humidity is 40% and the capacity is 32 mg H₂O/L.The absolute humidity of this gas is _____ mm Hg.

Inspired air is humidified and warmed through what two physical processes? 1)Condensation 2)Evaporation 3)Convection 4)Conduction

A patient is receiving albuterol through a small-volume nebulizer.Where in the body will the greatest effect take place?

An individual's humidity deficit will be the smallest when breathing:

Which of the following statements about breath-actuated nebulizers is not true?

Which of the following offers the best method for delivering ribavirin?

You have been called because of an audible alarm from a heated air-entrainment large-volume jet nebulizer.The most-appropriate immediate action is to:

Which of the following is true concerning heat and moisture exchangers?

Driving a small-volume nebulizer with heliox,instead of air or oxygen,has what effect on the aerosol produced?

Basic Physics for the Respiratory Therapist

Principles of Infection Control

Manufacture, Storage, and Transport of Medical Gases

Administering Medical Gases: Regulators, Flowmeters, and

Airway Management Devices and Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Lung Expansion Therapy Devices

Assessment of Pulmonary Function

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Blood Gas Monitoring

Sleep Diagnostics

Introduction to Ventilators

Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Infant and Pediatric Devices

Transport, Home Care, and Noninvasive Ventilatory Devices

Filters